Generalised single-equation load flow method for unbalanced distribution systems

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Development of an electrochemical sensor based on nanostructured hausmannite-type manganese oxide for detection of sodium ions

The preparation and electrochemical characterization of hausmannite-type manganese oxide to use as a sensing material for sodium ion is described. This paper reports a new via synthetic to obtain of the hausmannite-type manganese oxide and its application in the construction of modified electrode as a voltammetric sensor. The electrochemical activity of hausmannite-type manganese oxide is controlled by intercalation/deintercalation of the sodium ions within the oxide lattice. The detection is based on the measurement of anodic current generated by oxidation of MnIII-MnIV at electrode surface. The best electrochemical response was obtained for a sensor composition of 20% (w/w) hausmannite oxide in the paste, a TRIS buffer solution of pH 6.0-7.0 and a scan rate of 50 mV s-1. A sensitive linear voltammetric response for sodium ions was obtained in the concentration range of 2.01 × 10 -5-2.09 × 10-4 mol L-1 with a slope of 355 μA L mmol-1 and a detection limit of 7.50 × 10 -6 mol L-1 using cyclic voltammetry. The use of hausmannite has significantly improved the selectivity of the sensor compared to the birnessite-type manganese oxide modified electrode. Under the working conditions, the proposed method was successfully applied to determination of sodium ions in urine samples. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.

Systematic review of randomized controlled trials of new anticoagulants for venous thromboembolism prophylaxis in major orthopedic surgeries, compared with enoxaparin

Background: In the past 10 years, new anticoagulants (NACs) have been studied for venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis. Objective: To evaluate the risk/benefit profile of NACs versus enoxaparin for VTE prophylaxis in major orthopedic surgery. Methods: A systematic review of double-blind randomized phase III studies was performed. The search strategy was run from 2000 to 2011 in the main medical electronic databases in any language. Independent extraction of articles was performed by 2 authors using predefined data fields, including study quality indicators. Results: Fifteen published clinical trials evaluating fondaparinux, rivaroxaban, dabigatran, and apixaban were included. Primary efficacy (any deep vein thrombosis [DVT], nonfatal pulmonary embolism, or all-cause mortality) favored fondaparinux (relative risk [RR] 0.50; 95% CI, 0.39, 0.63) and rivaroxaban (RR, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.34, 0.73) over enoxaparin, although significant heterogeneity was observed in both series. The primary efficacy of dabigatran at 220 mg, apixaban, and bemiparin were similar, with RRs of 1.02 (95% CI, 0.86, 1.20), 0.63 (95% CI, 0.39, 1.01), and 0.87 (95% CI, 0.65, 1.17), respectively. The primary efficacy of dabigatran at 150 mg (RR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.03, 1.41), was inferior to enoxaparin. The incidence of proximal DVT favored apixaban (RR, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.27, 0.75) only. Rivaroxaban (RR, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.27, 0,77) and apixaban (RR, 0.38; 95% CI, 0.16, 0.90) produced significantly lower frequencies of symptomatic DVT. The incidence of major VTE favored rivaroxaban (RR, 0.44; 95% CI, 0.25, 0.81), only. Bleeding risk was similar for all NACs, except fondaparinux (RR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.04, 1.55), which exhibited a significantly higher any-bleeding risk compared with enoxaparin, and apixaban (RR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.79, 0.99), which was associated with a reduced risk of any bleeding. Alanine amino transferase was significantly lower with 220 mg of dabigatran, (RR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.79, 0.99) than with enoxaparin. Conclusions: NACs can be considered alternatives to conventional thromboprophylaxis regimens in patients undergoing elective major orthopedic surgery, depending on clinical characteristics and cost-effectiveness. The knowledge of some differences concerning efficacy or safety profile, pointed out in this systematic review, along with the respective limitations, may be useful in clinical practice. © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Potencial de geração de energia elétrica a partir de resíduos sólidos urbanos para Bauru e região

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Produção de alfa-amilase e glucoamilase termoestável pelo fungo termofílico Thermomyces lanuginosus TO-03 por fermentação submersa e em estado sólido e caracterização das enzimas

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Avaliação in vitro da resistência adesiva de braquetes ortodônticos variando-se o tempo de armazenamento e o tipo de fotoativação: luz halógena e led

O objetivo deste estudo in vitro foi comparar os efeitos da fotoativação pelos sistemas luz halógena e LED na adesão de braquetes ortodônticos em diferentes tempos pós-colagem (imediato, 24h e 7d). Braquetes com adesivo pré-aplicado (Gemini series; APC adhesive precoated brackets; 3M Unitek, USA) foram colados na superfície vestibular de dentes bovinos. O esmalte dos dentes foi condicionado utilizando-se o primer auto-condicionante (Transbond SEP, 3M Unitek, USA) em todos os espécimes, conforme recomendações do fabricante. Setenta e dois dentes foram divididos em 2 grupos (n=36), conforme o sistema de fotoativação (luz halógena ou LED) e sub-divididos (n=12) de acordo com o tempo pós-colagem. Para os grupos luz halógena, o tempo de fotoativação foi de 20s e para os grupos LED foi de 10s. O teste de resistência ao cisalhamento foi realizado com auxílio de uma máquina de ensaios universal nos diferentes tempos pós-colagem: imediato, 24h e 7d. O valor médio de adesão para os grupos luz halógena foi de 20,01±5,24MPa e, para os grupos fotoativados pelo sistema LED 17,35±5,07MPa, sendo estes resultados estatisticamente diferentes. Quando comparado o efeito do tempo pós-colagem, os resultados revelaram que os valores de adesão foram significantemente maiores para o tempo de 7d. O resultado do teste ANOVA 2 – fatores revelou não existir diferença estatística entre a interação sistema de fotoativação e tempos pós-colagem. O teste de Tukey mostrou que para as 4 condições experimentais nos tempos imediato e 24h, os resultados não diferiram estatisticamente, independentemente do sistema de fotoativação. Somente com relação ao grupo luz halógena-7d, os resultados mostraram diferenças estatisticamente significantes. O grupo LED-7d desempenhou comportamento intermediário entre os grupos. O índice de adesivo remanescente não revelou diferenças... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

Structural, ferroelectric, and optical properties of Pb0.60Ca0.20Sr0.20TiO3, Pb0.50Ca0.25Sr0.25TiO3 and Pb0.40Ca0.30Sr0.30TiO3 thin films prepared by the chemical solution deposition technique

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Corrosion-fatigue life of commercially pure titanium and Ti-6Al-4V alloys in different storage environments

Statement of problem. Removable partial dentures are affected by fatigue because of the cyclic mechanism of the masticatory system ansi frequent insertion and removal. Titanium and its alloys have been used in the manufacture of denture frameworks; however, preventive agents with fluorides are thought to attack titanium alloy surfaces.Purpose. This study evaluated, compared, analyzed the corrosion-fatigue life of commercially pure titanium and Ti-6Al-4V alloy in different storage environments.Material and methods. For each metal, 33 dumbbell rods, 2.3 mm in diameter at the central segment, were cast in the Rematitan system. Corrosion-fatigue strength test was carried out through a universal testing machine with a load 30% lon er than the 0.2% offset yield strength and a combined influence of different: environments: in air at room temperature, with synthetic saliva, and with fluoride synthetic saliva. After failure, the number of cycles were recorded, and fracture surfaces were examined with on SEM.Results. ANOVA and Tukey's multiple comparison rest indicated that Ti-6Al-4V alloy achieved 21,269 cycles (SD = 8,355) against 19,157 cycles (SD = 3,624) for the commercially purr Ti. There were no significant differences between either metal in the corrosion-fatigue life for dry specimens, but when the solutions were present, the fatigue life was significantly reduced, probably because of the product-ion of corrosion pits caused by superficial reactions.

Microsatellite markers for Bokermannohyla species (Anura, Hylidae) from the Brazilian Cerrado and Atlantic Forest domains

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Heterorhabditis amazonensis RSC5 (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae) movement and host recognition

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Expressão de Pentraxina 3 em membranas corioamnióticas de gestações prétermo complicadas por rotura prematura de membranas pré-termo ou trabalho de parto prematuro

Pentraxina 3 (PTX3) é um componente essencial da resposta imune inata e age como receptores de reconhecimento de padrões (PPRs) reconhecendo produtos microbianos, opsonizando fungos, bactérias Gram positivas e negativas, além de apresentar a capacidade de ativar o sistema complemento. Poucos estudos na literatura mundial têm investigado a expressão de PTX3 nas complicações gestacionais associadas à invasão microbiana da cavidade amniótica e resultados conflitantes têm sido descritos. Avaliar a expressão gênica e protéica de PTX3 em membranas corioamnióticas de gestações pré-termo complicadas por Trabalho de Parto Prematuro (TPP) e bolsa íntegra ou Rotura Prematura de Membranas Pré-Termo (RPM-PT), na presença de corioamnionite histológica (CA). Foram incluídas no estudo 30 gestantes com TPP, sendo 15 na ausência e 15 na presença de corioamnionite histológica e 30 gestantes com RPM-PT, sendo 15 na ausência e 15 na presença de corioamnionite histológica. Cortes parafinizados foram encaminhados à análise histopatológica para confirmação de corioamnionite histológica. Outros fragmentos de 1cm2 das membranas foram submetidos à extração de RNA total. Após a extração do RNA, as amostras com concentração entre 0,02 e 0,2g/ L de RNA foram submetidas à obtenção de cDNA para posterior utilização na quantificação da expressão gênica de PTX3 pela técnica da PCR em tempo real empregando-se o Sistema TaqMan® Gene Expression Assays. Fragmentos das mesmas amostras incluídas no estudo foram utilizados para verificar a expressão da proteína PTX-3 através da técnica de Western Blotting. Dentre as 60 membranas corioamnióticas incluídas no estudo, 56 (93,3%) expressaram PTX-3. Não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa na expressão de mRNA de PTX-3 (p=0,137) entre os grupos: RPM-PT na presença de CA (Md: 0.355; 0.11-1.03), RPM-PT na...(Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

Gerenciamento dos resíduos de serviços de saúde do pronto socorro de um hospital escola na cidade de Botucatu

Health Care Waste (HCW) represents 1%, and it has presently gained a lot of importance. Adequate management is one of the great challenges to be faced by health care centers. It has gained distinction and been widely discussed by members of the sectors involved with sanitation, public health and environmental issues due to waste physical, chemical biological characteristics, which pose potential risk to the environment and public health. The present study aims at evaluating HCW internal management by following all its phases, determining indicators, classifying and quantifying, establishing production rates (kg /patient/day) for the sector and designing materials to disseminate appropriate HCW disposal in the Emergency Room of the UNESP University Hospital in the city of Botucatu according to the guidelines presently in force. : From June to October 2011, the waste flow was observed from its production to final disposal. Four weight measurements were performed on four consecutive days in the month of August by using a properly calibrated (in grams) digital scale at the times scheduled for collection of the produced waste. Hence, the daily and monthly amounts were estimated according to their classification. All the waste packaged in the bags in garbage cans in the Emergency Room for a 24-hour period was considered to be a sample. Separation was not adequately performed in that sector, and waste from Group A was mixed with that from Group D. The amount of infectious waste produced in the sector corresponded to 87.80 %, common waste to 10.93 % and recyclable waste to 1.27%. The mean daily HCW production was of 123.300 kg/day, and the total monthly production was of 3,822 kg/month, which was distributed as follows: Group A 3,355,750 kg/month; Group D 417,570 kg/month and recyclables 48,670 kg/month. The production rate corresponded to 0.47 kg/patient/day, thus showing... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

A criança de 01 a 03 anos: uma reflexão sobre a evolução da imitação no processo de formação do eu

This investigation aims to observe play contents and elements that make it possible to notice if a child is at the imitation stage. First of all, this study reviews Piaget’s findings about the origins of imitation, and how it develops into representation. After that, “game” is analyzed in order to understand the cognitive representation and how children develop the ability to use symbols. Based on these assumptions, a study was developed into a public school (Profª Maria Teixeira Fittipaldi) with 9 children, aged between 1 to 3. Methodology included the observation of play and activity time; a diary to record the observations; and the analysis of the collected data, based on Piaget’s research into the classification and development of symbolic play. The results show that all observed situations were at the “first stage”, which reveal the apogee of ludic symbolism, and that the kind of game varied according to the child’s age. Moreover, it was possible to notice the importance of symbolic play at preschool, since it triggers world knowledge development and helps interpersonal relationship growth.

Indicadores antropométricos do estado nutricional de pré-escolares em Araraquara, SP

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)