55 resultados para 1.º ano do ensino básico
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A extensão é compreendida como uma interação entre a Universidade e a comunidade na qual está inserida e como uma via de mão dupla onde a Universidade leva conhecimentos e/ou assistência à comunidade e recebe dela influxos positivos e reais necessidades, ou seja, constitui-se uma relação de troca de conhecimentos. As atividades de extensão desenvolvidas no Instituto de Biociências (IB) da UNESP - Campus Botucatu, por meio de projetos, são diversificadas quanto ao público alvo, quanto ao local de realização e também quanto aos objetivos. Ao longo dos anos, foram realizadas inúmeras atividades de extensão dirigidas aos professores e alunos das escolas de ensino básico, das quais destacamos os projetos de extensão relacionados ao ensino de Ciências e Biologia. Este estudo teve por objetivos identificar as atividades de extensão, desenvolvidas por docentes do IB, voltadas ao ensino básico, e investigar a percepção dos docentes sobre a articulação entre Universidade e escolas de ensino infantil, fundamental e médio. Os dados foram coletados por meio de análise de documentos, questionário e entrevista. Pela análise de documentos, foram identificados os projetos de extensão relacionados ao ensino de Ciências e Biologia e que possuem relação (direta ou indireta) com escolas do ensino básico desenvolvidos pelo IB nos anos 2006, 2007 e 2008, cadastrados na PROEX, vinculados ao Núcleo de Ensino, ao Programa Ciência Na UNESP e ao NADi - Museu Escola. Por meio do questionário, com questões abertas e fechadas, foram coletados dados junto a 15 professores coordenadores e pela entrevista foram coletados dados junto ao Presidente da Comissão Permanente de Extensão Universitária. Segundo os dados obtidos, foi possível perceber um aumento no número de projetos ao longo dos três anos, assim como um aumento na participação de professores e alunos do Instituto...(Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
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Cartography is one of the languages that express the knowledge of the geographic space and, therefore, the official curriculum proposals have highlighted the importance of the geography teaching which articulates its contents with this language in primary education. So, we present an analysis of the content selected to the curriculum mapping specifications of the São Paulo faz escola material, specifically for the 6th year of Elementary School II, version 2009. From the perspective of qualitative research, with instruments and techniques of quantitative and qualitative research, we analyzed documents and observed little concern with the proposition works that present the physical and social characteristics of the state of São Paulo. Also, we noticed the lack of concern with representations in local and regional scales. The research brings many examples on the global scale. It explores few activities using graphics and charts. Despite bringing thematic maps in their entirety, it does not show an example of conical projection as well as cartograms and anamorphosis. Furthermore, the trend of a technicist education is announced in the document
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This research is being read, thus rendering text on the pole of understanding, as a practice effective dialogue and therefore responsive through which the reader, author, text and context interact. To this end, the reader must turn their knowledge systems and relate them to the linguistic materiality. Thus, aimed to investigate whether the teaching of reading in the early years of elementary school literacy builds skills related to this cultural practice and its relationship to the conceptions of classroom teachers of reading, as well as the teaching and learning methodologies practiced in class classroom. Therefore, I base this research on the theoretical basis of linguistic studies and expository sociointeractionist redefine that, among other things, the concepts of language, genre and text. As for the methodological framework, this study followed the methodology of literature research and fieldwork. The fieldwork took place from the perspective of observing the pedagogical practice of teaching reading, in order to investigate how the educational activities are conducted in a reading room for the third year of elementary school, part of the municipal education Bauru- SP. Were used as instruments of data collection the questionnaire given to school teachers and the school studied the direct observation of teaching practice of one of these professionals. The results of data analysis indicate that the teachers surveyed know key content for teaching reading, as well as renovations of the theoretical and methodological studies of reading, with the consequence that the practices of reading done in the classroom limit the role of student as a reader and does not guarantee the formation of the reader
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The topic in this work involving the resolution of problems with structure multiplicativa emerged from discussions carried out on the difficulties encountered by students of the first cycle of the Fundamental School in Mathematics, mainly in respect of the arithmetic. The research had as objective to investigate the main difficulties presented by these students when they are faced with a task for a resolution of problems with multiplicativa structure. Were participants, in the first stage of the study, 20 students of the fifth year of the Fundamental School of a state school of public education of the State of Sao Paulo. These students have an assessment containing ten problems with structure multiplicativa answered a questionnaire regarding of mathematics. In the second stage, were selected two students to participate in the think aloud. The data analysis showed that the difficulties presented by the participants were: 1- difficulty to read and interpret the set of problems; 2- select the operation correct; 3- to operate correctly; 4 – Trouble writing
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This study aimed to analyze the limits and possibilities of a didactic sequence, addressing the concept of proportionality in the learning of students in 5th year of elementary school. From the results of the Diagnostic Assessment Initial applied to students in a class of 5th grade of elementary school, we selected eight (8) students who participated in the constituent activities of that instructional sequence. For the development of this sequence were used theoretical elements of Genetic Epistemology (Piaget, 1990), the theory of fields of Conceptual Vergnaud (1996) and the definition of instructional sequence proposed by Zabala (1998). Finally, after 20 days of application of these activities, we applied the Diagnostic Assessment Final aimed at investigating which concepts related to proportionality were built by the participating students. By analyzing the collected data, it can be concluded the following about the possibilities of teaching sequence: 1) students who, in Diagnostica Home Assessment used the multiplication algorithm, but also did not indicate the comparison between quantities are now performing; 2) students who, in the Diagnostic Assessment Initial, used the addition algorithm, now gradually are using the multiplication algorithm; 3)students who, in the Diagnostic Assessment Initial, could not solve problems involving the idea of proportionality, are now resolving, however, still use, in large part, the addition operation as a strategy for this proportional thinking. Now, in relation to the limits of the sequence noted: 1)time sufficient to propose a higher number of problem conditions to be carried by students who may have been a trigger of construction have not through the proportional multiplication;2)the distant proposition situations of assimilation schemes (interpretation) of the students, which may have caused certain imbalance in them, preventing them from thinking about the problem situation;3)the rapid passage of...
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Forgiveness may be considered a moral component to be developed along with the development of moral autonomy of individuals. This study aims to verify how 10 (ten) children from the first year of elementary school conceive the pardon and its possible relationship with their moral autonomy development. As theoretical research we have taken Piaget´s studies on human´s morality (1930; 1932) and Rique (2007, 2008, 2011) and Enright (1991, 1998) studies about forgiveness. This study was based on a qualitative research and the adopted method was the Piaget's Experimental Clinical Method. The results have shown that children perform moral reasoning when facing situations which involve the decision of forgiving someone and tend to comprehend forgiveness as forgiving someone for some performed act. We conclude by emphasizing the importance of the teacher’s mediation and intervention in moral discussions involving forgiveness, for the construction of the learners ´moral autonomy.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Pós-graduação em Letras - FCLAR
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Pós-graduação em Psicologia do Desenvolvimento e Aprendizagem - FC
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A dor pós-operatória continua sendo uma das principais complicações pós-operatórias e motivo de desconforto, principalmente em crianças. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o uso de analgésicos desde o término da cirurgia até a alta da sala de recuperação pós-anestésica (SRPA), como medida terapêutica ou profilática, para crianças com menos de 1 ano de idade. MÉTODO: Utilizando o banco de dados do Departamento de Anestesiologia, foi realizada análise retrospectiva, envolvendo o período de janeiro de 2000 a abril de 2001, das anestesias de crianças menores que 1 ano de idade submetidas a procedimentos cirúrgicos diversos, avaliando aspectos relacionados à analgesia pós-operatória. RESULTADOS: No período do estudo, foram anestesiadas 402 crianças menores que 1 ano, sendo que 194 (48,2%) não receberam analgésicos e 208 (51,8%) receberam. Com relação ao uso ou não de analgésicos, foi observado o que se segue: Sem analgésicos: (1) Idade: até 1 mês, 68/99; entre 1 e 6 meses, 53/126; entre 6 meses e 1 ano, 73/177. (2) Peso: 6,7 ± 3,1 kg (3). Sexo: masculino, 106/240; feminino, 88/162. (4) Estado físico ASA: ASA I, 69/187; ASA II, 56/113; ASA III, 46/79; ASA IV, 23/23. (5) Anestesia peridural sacral: 3/4. (6) Tempo de anestesia: 106 ± 32 minutos. (7) Encaminhamento para unidade de terapia intensiva (UTI): 93/119. Uso de analgésicos: (1) Idade: até 1 mês, 31/99; entre 1 e 6 meses, 73/126; entre 6 meses e 1 ano, 104/177. (2) Peso: 9 ± 2,3 kg. (3) Sexo: masculino, 134/240; feminino, 74/162. (4) Estado físico ASA: ASA I, 118/187; ASA II, 57/113; ASA III, 33/79; ASA IV, 0/23. (5) Anestesia peridural sacral: 1/4. (6) Tempo de anestesia: 130 ± 38 minutos. (7) Encaminhamento para UTI: 26/119. Os fármacos empregados para promover analgesia foram: dipirona (60,6%), dipirona + tramadol (25,5%), dipirona + nalbufina (5,3%), tramadol (3,8%), nalbufina (3,8%), meperidina (0,5%) e fentanil (0,5%). CONCLUSÕES: Utilizar analgésicos em crianças desde o término da cirurgia até a alta da SRPA não foi habitual, principalmente nas crianças menores e mais graves e em procedimentos cirúrgicos mais rápidos. O uso de dipirona, isoladamente, ou a associação dipirona/tramadol, foram as drogas analgésicas mais freqüentemente empregadas.
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)