Antioxidant properties of brazilian tropical fruits by correlation between different assays

Four different assays (the Folin-Ciocalteu, DPPH, enzymatic method, and inhibitory activity on lipid peroxidation) based on radically different physicochemical principles and normally used to determine the antioxidant activity of food have been confronted and utilized to investigate the antioxidant activity of fruits originated from Brazil, with particular attention to more exotic and less-studied species (jurubeba, Solanum paniculatum; pequi, Caryocar brasiliense; pitaya, Hylocereus undatus; siriguela, Spondias purpurea; umbu, Spondias tuberosa) in order to (i) verify the correlations between results obtained by the different assays, with the final purpose to obtain more reliable results avoiding possible measuring-method linked mistakes and (ii) individuate the more active fruit species. As expected, the different methods give different responses, depending on the specific assay reaction. Anyhow all results indicate high antioxidant properties for siriguela and jurubeba and poor values for pitaya, umbu, and pequi. Considering that no marked difference of ascorbic acid content has been detected among the different fruits, experimental data suggest that antioxidant activities of the investigated Brazilian fruits are poorly correlated with this molecule, principally depending on their total polyphenolic content. © 2013 Elena Gregoris et al.

Pollution-induced metabolic responses in hypoxia-tolerant freshwater turtles

The physiological control to support the absence of O2 for long periods of diving, and oxidative damage impact caused by the whole process of hypoxia/reperfusion in freshwater turtles is well known. However, effects of contaminants may act as co-varying stressors and cause biological damage, disrupting the hypoxia/reperfusion oxidative damage control. In order to investigate the action of environmental stressors present in domestic or industrial wastewater effluent, we performed a biochemical analysis of biotransformation enzymes, oxidative stress, as well as neuromuscular, physiological and morphological parameters in Phrynops geoffroanus, an hypoxic-tolerant freshwater turtle endemic of South America, using animals sampled in urban area, contaminated by sewage and industrial effluents and animals sampled in control area. Here we demonstrate the physiological and biochemical impact caused by pollution, and the effect that these changes cause in antioxidant activity. Animals from the urban area exhibited higher EROD (ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase, CYP1A1), GST (glutathione S-transferase), G6PDH (glucose-6-phosphate deshydrogenase), AChE (acetilcholinesterase) activities and also TEAC (trolox-equivalent antioxidant capacity) and TBARS (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) values. We examined whether two morphometric indices (K - condition factor and HIS - hepatosomatic index) which help in assessing the general condition and possible liver disease, respectively, were modified. The K of the urban animals was significantly decreased compared to the control animals, but the HIS value was increased in animals from the urban area, supporting the idea of an impact in physiology and life quality in the urban freshwater turtles. We propose that this freshwater turtle specie have the ability to enhance its antioxidants defenses in order to protect from tissue damage caused by hypoxia and reperfusion, but also that caused by environmental contamination and that the oxidative damage control in hypoxic conditions has resulted in an adaptive condition in hypoxic-tolerant freshwater turtle species, in order to better tolerate the release of contaminated effluents resulting from human activity. © 2013 Elsevier Inc.

Tolerância de Digitaria ciliaris, Digitaria horizontalis e Digitaria nuda à herbicidas usados em cana-de-açúcar

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Crescimento e avaliação nutricional de leguminosas arbóreas potenciais para ecossistemas agroflorestais num solo de cerrado

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Agricultura) - FCA

Utilização agropecuária do sorgo de guiné e efeitos na cultura da soja e atributos químicos do solo

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Agricultura) - FCA

Efeito da alimentação e densidade de estocagem no desempenho zootécnico e perfil celular do hepatopâncreas do camarão-da-amazônia Macrobrachium amazonicum (Heller, 1862) (Crustacea, Palaemonidae)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Análise do período de defeso do camarão marinho Artemesia longinaris através da maturidade ovariana anual

Pós-graduação em Aquicultura - FCAV

Probiótico na alimentação do pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus): avaliação hematológica, bioquímica, imunológica e desempenho produtivo

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Substituição precoce do alimento vivo pelo alimento inerte na larvicultura de acará bandeira (Pterophyllum scalare)

Pós-graduação em Aquicultura - FCAV

Estratégias de povoamento e despesca no cultivo do camarão-da-amazônia Macrobrachium amazonicum: efeitos na estrutura populacional e na produção

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Influência da vitamina E na cinética do processo cicatricial induzido em tilápia do Nilo, Oreochromis niloticus

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Níveis de arraçoamento e freqüência alimentar no desempenho produtivo do acará-bandeira Pterophyllum scalare

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Utilização do 'beta' - glucano sobre o desempemho produtivo, indicadores de estresse, perfil hematológico e sobrevivência do pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Tratamento de efluentes de piscicultura utilizando sistema tipo wetland povoado com espécies de macrófitas aquáticas de três tipos ecológicos diferentes

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Capacidade de retenção e dinâmica de um wetland construído no tratamento de águas residuais

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)