341 resultados para Ensaios de Laboratório
Resumo:
The aim of the present work is to investigate a simplified rainwater treatment strategy for nonpotable use. For this, there were simulated in laboratory scale the treatment conditions of a system that employs Corn Starch as a coagulant in cyclic filtration (from 1 to 5 filtration cycles). A commercial Corn Starch in different dosages was used (0,1; 0,2; 0,4; 0,6; 0,8; 1,0; 1,5; 2,0; 2,5; 3,0; 3,5; 4,0; 4,5; 5,0; 5,5; 6,0; 6,5; 7,0; 7,5; 8,0; 8,5 e 9,0 mg/L). The NBR 15527/07 recommended parameters were monitored on the inflow and outflow and compared to different first flushes (0.5; 1.0 and 1.5mm). The obtained results indicate that the 6.0mg/L dosage presented the best results (removal efficiency of 86% of turbidity; 88% of apparent color and absent of total and faecal coliform residuals). However, it was not possible to prove the filtration cycles benefit, in laboratory scale, because for some Corn Starch dosages the water did not present better quality when increasing the number of cycles.
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There are many approaches and techniques about Administration and Management of Projects in order to provide greater agility, efficiency and transparency during the development process of new products. Simultaneously, a pursuit for a management approach more flexible in its planning and strategic changes during the development campaign, such as, comprehend the project's unpredictability level and deal it by monitoring and estimates tools. These features tend to accentuate itself in manufacturers of complex products, as aircraft and other aerospace technologies. By these conditions thus research aims to describe a case when the Agile Management Processing of Project Development Scrum was used in the Test area of an aircraft manufacturer. Focused on the Scrum implementation over the area, its adaptation, evolution and achievements the research proposes to analyze the improvements, indicate the obstacles and discuss solutions, contributing then to the theoretical basis of the considered theme and futures updates applicable to the area. The research is classified as qualitative; furthermore the information and data analyzed were obtained by interviews with professionals and observations of the processes from the major aircraft manufacturer
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A leishmaniose é uma doença que atinge milhões de pessoas no mundo e, de acordo com a FUNASA, está se espalhando por todas as regiões do Brasil. O tratamento desta zoonose é ineficaz, pois os fármacos utilizados apresentam muitos efeitos colaterais e colaboram com o aparecimento de parasitas e vetores resistentes. Portanto um maior conhecimento sobre a biologia molecular destes protozoários poderá facilitar o descobrimento de novas terapias e desenvolvimento de drogas antiparasitárias. O complexo telomérico é formado pela interação de DNA com proteínas, sendo que estas últimas podem também interagir entre si. A proteína RPA de eucariotos compreende um complexo trimérico subdividido em três subunidades. Este cumpre independentemente ou juntamente com outras proteínas diversas funções vitais para a célula, entre elas, auxiliar na manutenção dos telômeros e ajudar a recrutar a telomerase. Além disso, ela parece ser um dos principais componentes do complexo de proteínas que interagem com o terminal simples fita telomérico de protozoários tripanosomatídeos. Curiosamente, em Leishmania spp., as subunidades 2 e 3, ao contrário da subunidade 1 da RPA, não fazem parte do complexo telomérico. Portanto a LaRPA-1 pode apresentar comportamentos peculiares quando comparada a RPA dos outros eucariotos, e se tornar um importante alvo ao se estudar a biologia molecular do parasita. Este trabalho tem como objetivo clonar, expressar e purificar os três diferentes mutantes truncados da proteína LaRPA-1 para, futuramente, utilizar-se estas proteínas recombinantes como ligantes em ensaios de interação proteína:proteína, visando mapear possíveis sítios ou domínios na proteína LaRPA-1.O gene que codifica LaRPA-1 já encontrava-se clonado e sequenciado no laboratório de Telômeros da UNESP de Botucatu....(Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
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The growth of urban population associated with the shortage of supply of public infrastructure such as hospitals, kindergartens, schools, among others, has reinforced the need to develop alternative methods that simplify the construction processes and allows for a reduction in these costs works. The conventional processes have increasingly been shown ineffective to solve the problem of demand for different types of urban and rural buildings. Given this fact, industrial construction processes can gain space and have proven to be highly interesting to solve the above problems, in particular, considering the cost-effective and time. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the influence of moisture on the strength of metal plate connections connectors (printed plate with teeth). For the sizing of the links between structural lumber using metal connectors with teeth prints; controlled process variables (drying of the wood and the different moisture contents), and finally found results and compare them with different literatures order to obtain a qualitative efficiency of the process. Some specimens had very low expectations, can be explained by the presence of bone marrow, and pre-existing cracks. Thus, the results were discarded for further analysis and more accurate results
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A psoríase é uma doença inflamatória relativamente comum da pele e das articulações, podendo se tornar crônica. Nos últimos anos, a expansão do arsenal terapêutico para o paciente com psoríase tem permitido aos médicos combaterem, de forma mais agressiva, a patogênese da doença. Um fármaco utilizado para o tratamento é o metotrexato, que, apesar de ser bastante eficaz, possui potencial para a toxicidade sistêmica, como toxicidade hematológica, hepática e pulmonar. Sendo assim, muita atenção tem sido dada ao desenvolvimento de novos veículos com o objetivo não só de aumentar a eficácia terapêutica de substâncias ativas, como também de permitir a redução da sua dose total necessária, minimizando os efeitos colaterais tóxicos. Os cristais-líquidos são sistemas promissores para aplicação tópica, pois promovem liberação controlada de fármacos, contribuindo para amenizar efeitos adversos, por exemplo, do metotrexato. Uma vez que há possibilidade de as substâncias incorporadas em formulações tópicas serem absorvidas pela pele e mucosas, existe a necessidade de garantir que as formulações sejam seguras. Este trabalho teve o objetivo de avaliar a bioadesão e a citotoxicidade in vitro de três sistemas líquido-cristalinos contendo metotrexato para o tratamento da psoríase. Resultados de bioadesão revelaram que as três formulações analisadas apresentaram forças bioadesivas próximas, sendo o sistema A mais bioadesivo. Com relação a estudos de reologia, houve comportamento de fluido não-newtoniano, pseudoplástico e tixotrópico. Além disso, a adição de metotrexato à formulação A, aumentou a viscosidade do sistema. Ensaios de citotoxicidade sugerem a possibilidade de liberação prolongada de metotrexato, contribuindo para o aumento da viabilidade celular
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The evaluation of soil permeability throughout the weathering profile is one of the most important features to be considered in environmental studies. This study, developed from field testing and analysis of data obtained by geostatistical methods, aims at mapping the permeability around the Ribeirão Claro river. The intent is to simulate an accident with toxic liquids where soil permeability is of fundamental importance. Another purpose of the research was to determine the minimum time that, in the event of an accident, a possible contaminant to reach the water table level and be routed to the nearest drain, in this case, the Ribeirao V Claro river constitutes fundamental information. The studied area of approximately 4 km² is located within the UNESP-Rio Claro campus, consisting of colluvial soil from Fm. Rio Claro superimposed on residual soil of Fm. Corumbataí. The method used to determine the permeability is the concentric cylinders performed on a sampling grid with 64 points containing spacing of 5 meters EW and 10 meters NS. In the places of permeability tests were collected samples for laboratory determination of the percentage of fines. From particle size analysis was performed and analysis statistical and geostatistical on this data. The histogram was based on the statistical studies, and the semivariograms were based on geostatistical estimation methods. Based on the comparison between the maps and the data obtained, it was determined that the percentage of fines in colluvial surface soil has little influence on permeability, which the proximity to the Ribeirao Claro river, the eastern portion, a factor that influences the distribution of permeability values
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The study of physical and mechanical properties of wood is essential for its structural use and it is of great importance to the construction industry. Thus, this study aimed to determine the physical and mechanical properties of the wood Amaru - a hybrid of Eucalyptus, developed by Plantar Projects and Forest Products Ltda. In order to determine the properties of Amaru, round samples were used, which were provided to the Laboratory of Wood and Wooden Structures of the School of Engineering of São Carlos, University of São Paulo - LaMEM / EESC / USP. For the characterization of the physical properties, the apparent specific gravity and moisture content of the samples were determined. To the mechanical characterization, the following properties were evaluated: strength and stiffness in compression, strength and stiffness in bending, shear and tension. The procedures of the tests performed in this study were done according to the recommendations of the Brazilian Wood Standard ABNT NBR 7190:1997. The specimen used were confectioned in actual dimensions, according to as those used in the construction system proposed by Plantar. The results obtained from the tests performed showed that the mechanical properties approached the values proposed by the Wood Standard NBR 7190. The visual grading was important to provide a primary idea about the failure modes to be obtained from the tests performed. The bending test showed the modulus of elasticity (MOE) and Modulus of Rupture (MOR), which resulted in 15822 MPa and 101,7 MPa, respectively. The compression test resulted in values Ec0,m and fc0, 15698 MPa and 50,7 MPa. The tensile strength (ft0) of this hybrid was calculated and its value obtained was 60,8 MPa. The shear strength (fv0) was 8,2 MPa. The results obtained from the tests are the basis for engineers and architects to design structures using wood species Amaru
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Coleus blumei Benth (Lamiaceae), popularly known in Brazil as heart-hurt or coleus-of-Java is an ornamental plant widely used due to the color of its leaves. Several species of the genus Coleus present compounds with antioxidant, antimicrobial and allopathic activities due to the presence of chemicals such coleonol, forskolin and rosmarinic acid. Therefore, this study aimed to carry out phytochemical study and biological tests to evaluate the antibacterial, antioxidant and allopathic activities of the 70% ethanol extract and its fractions ethyl acetate, dichloromethane and end aqueous fraction leaf of Coleus blumei Benth. The plant extract was prepared by turbolisis from the powder of dried leaves, as a solvent for extraction using 70% ethanol. The ethanol extract was fractionated with solvents dichloromethane and ethyl acetate. The phytochemical study identified the presence of saponins, free anthraquinones, flavonoids and anthocyanidins. In evaluating the antibacterial dichloromethane fraction showed activity against all microorganisms tested both in agar diffusion test and microdilution test. The 70% ethanol extract showed activity against the micro-organisms S. aureus and S. epidermidis in agar diffusion test and against all microorganisms tested in microdilution test. The ethyl acetate fraction showed activity against the micro-organism S. aureus in the agar diffusion test and against all microorganisms tested in microdilution test. The end aqueous fraction showed no activity against any micro-organism tested. In the test of evaluation activity allopathic dichloromethane fraction showed greater inhibition of seed germination and growth of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill), followed by 70% ethanolic extract, the ethyl acetate fraction and the end aqueous fraction. In testing the antioxidant activity with DPPH ethyl acetate fraction showed higher antioxidant activity followed... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Resumo:
Este projeto tem como proposta principal a produção de um website que consolide informações, pesquisas, artigos, teses, notícias e produções audiovisuais que abordem a temática da Televisão Digital. A concepção deve ser construir com as bases de um modelo transdisciplinar de informações, já que pretende condensar e reunir inúmeras áreas correlatas à temática citada. O website LabTVD! – www.labtvd.com.br, é voltado a um público de estratos sociais e faixa etária flexíveis, constituído por estudantes universitários, pesquisadores, profissionais da área, professores ou qualquer interessado na evolução do Sistema Brasileiro de Televisão Digital Terrestre - SBTVD-T
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Here we present an exploratory study on the use of laboratory teaching in four schools of Basic Education in Rio Claro, SP, three of them high school and one of the second cycle of basic education, developed in the years 2011 and 2012, under activities of the course Prática de Ensino e Estágio Supervisionado, the Degree in Physics - UNESP, Rio Claro campus and work with Pibid (Projeto Institucional de Bolsa de Iniciação à Docência) in agreement UNESP CAPES Notice 2009. Initially, we diagnose the situation and identify the laboratories using them for Teaching Physics, from direct observation and contact with teachers. Based on the experimental realization of educational activities in such schools, we discuss different teaching strategies, and using experiments built with inexpensive materials (Ferreira and Ramos, 2008). We analyzed the role of the teaching laboratory in the development of skills and abilities of students, related to the teaching and learning of Physics, as well as aspects concerning the use of instructional laboratories
Resumo:
Bamboo has one of the highest growth rates among plants, however, its lignifications (which confers resistance) takes around a few years and, therefore, certain physical characteristics and mechanical, that depend on this process will only be acquired between the three to six years old. In addition, bamboo also has significant density variations in different parts of the stem, both in the radial direction as the axial. In particular the radial direction, where the density found in the inner and outer (near the bark) of a single stem can range on average from 0.5 to 0.9 g/cm3. Thus, the application of bamboo as a floor, there to examine whether both sides of the bamboo (internal and external), provide resistance properties required for that purpose. In this study sought to characterize and quantify the influence of the concentration of fiber bundles in the inner and outer sides of rules or bamboo strips of bamboo flooring through testing service. Analyses performed were based on ASTM D 2394- 83 for wooden floors and derivatives. This was necessary because of the absence of a specific prohibition of the use and testing of floors made of bamboo and its products. The data were analyzed by ball indentation test shooting, test for resistance to abrasion, indentation test for stress / load treadmill test and by indentation loads applied to small areas - test the jump. The results of the tests were extremely friendly bamboo, even this presents considerable differences between the resistances obtained from assay of the cover of the inner and outer face, being comparable with those of many commonly used to manufacture wood flooring. This comparison was made possible by information from technical trials of several floors made with wood
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O Brasil é um país dotado de Biodiversidade incomparável da qual advém inúmeras plantas medicinais que são frequentemente utilizadas de acordo com conhecimento empírico da população em geral. Considerando a importância de investigar os efeitos farmacológicos e toxicológicos de espécies vegetais utilizadas com fins terapêuticos, foi objetivo do presente trabalho avaliar a atividade mutagênica dos extratos metanólicos e hexânicos de Pouteria ramiflora e Pouteria torta, pois seus dados farmacológicos descritos na literatura são bastante restritos, destacando-se as atividades antimicrobiana, citotóxica e imunomoduladora. Como ferramenta foram escolhidos os testes de Ames e do Micronúcleo, pois ambos são preconizados pela ANVISA em testes de toxicidade de fitoterápicos. No Teste de Ames foram utilizadas as linhagens TA100, TA98, TA97a e TA102 de Salmonella typhimurium em presença e ausência de metabolização e no ensaio do micronúcleo foi utilizado o sangue periférico de camundongos Swiss tratados in vivo. Os resultados constataram que os extratos de ambas as espécies provocaram desvios da normalidade, ou seja, o Teste de Ames detectou aumento no número de revertentes por placa e o Teste do micronúcleo mostrou aumento significativo no número de células micronucleadas. Esses resultados demonstraram claramente que as duas espécies de Pouteria estudadas apresentaram potencial mutagênico e, portanto, o uso popular dessas plantas deve ser feito com cautela
Resumo:
Propomos avaliar o potencial de uma abordagem imunoterápica que tem o fator de crescimento do endotélio vascular (VEGF) como alvo. A angiogênese é necessária para nutrir o tumor e propicia sua metastatização. Sabe-se que VEGF é produzido pela maioria dos tumores sólidos metastatizantes. A eficiência do anticorpo anti-VEGF, BEVACIZUMAB, já foi demonstrada. Entretanto, efeitos adversos limitam sua utilização em alguns casos e, com base na teoria da rede idiotípica e na experiência do grupo com anticorpos anti-idiotípicos (anti-Id ou AB2), anticorpos AB2 capazes de mimetizar VEGF foram obtidos. Assim, com o objetivo de explorar o rationale, dois anticorpos monoclonais (MAb) anti-Id de Bevacizumab, 10.D7 e 3.E3, foram produzidos em nosso laboratório. O controle da purificação de anticorpos foi feito através da avaliação do material purificado em géis de poliacrilamida. Immunoblots comprovaram a especificidade do reconhecimento do idiotipo de Bevacizumab pelos MAbs anti-Id. Foi mostrado que os AB2 obtidos se ligam a moléculas da superfície de células endoteliais, que expressam receptores de VEGF, sugerindo que esses anticorpos mimetizam VEGF. Entretanto, não foi possível verificar inibição do crescimento dessas células quando cultivadas em presença desses MAbs. Será necessária a otimização dos protocolos utilizados para uma avaliação mais definitiva. Uma vez demonstrada a atividade anti-idiotípica dos AB2 in vitro, 10.D7 e 3.E3 foram utilizados como imunógenos em camundongos Balb/c, com o objetivo de avaliar a resposta AB3 ou anti-anti-Id. Por meio de ensaio imunoenzimático (ELISA) indireto foi verificada a presença de anticorpos anti-anti-Id ligantes de VEGF nos soros dos camundongos imunizados. Os animais imunizados com o MAb 10.D7 responderam melhor do que os imunizados com 3.E3. Anticorpos IgG purificados dos soros desses animais reconheceram VEGF em ensaios imunoenzimáticos. Foram então selecionados os ...
Resumo:
O presente trabalho teve como objetivo estudar a biodegradação de efluente oleosos em ambiente terrestre. Foram avaliados os potenciais degradação dos seguintes óleos: óleo lubrificante automotivo usado, óleo vegetal novo e usado, e biodiesel. Os ensaios realizados objetivaram, pelo método de respirometria, quantificar e comparar as porcentagens de biodegradação medida através da formação do CO2 da respirometria bacteriana entre amostras de solos contaminados por diferentes tipos de óleo. Além destes ensaios, foram realizados testes colorimétricos que, indicarão, pela mudança de cor do indicador, quais os óleos levam mais tempo para serem completamente degradados. Dessa maneira, foi possível verificar a degradabilidade relativa dos óleos, e contribuir para futuras pesquisas envolvendo a poluição de ambientes com efluentes oleosos. Os dados coletados permitiram verificar a toxicidade e biodegradabilidade relativa dos óleos, de modo que os ensaios contendo biodiesel e óleo vegetal novo tiveram menor índice de biodegradação, quando comparado ao óleo automotivo usado.
Resumo:
Bamboo has been studied because of its peculiar mechanical properties and numerous possibilities of use, besides being a fast-growing grass and short cutting cycle. This study aimed to analyze the mechanical characteristics of wood-bamboo composite material, where the samples were developed from the combination of layers of bamboo as a structural reinforcement in solid pieces of pine and EGP panel parts. The species of wood used was Pinus taeda, and the bamboo species Guadua angustifolia and Dendrocalamus giganteus. All work was conducted at the Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP in the laboratory of Physical and Mechanical Properties of Wood. Tests including the density and tension parallel to grain of the bamboo species used and the static bending of composites in order to use this in the furniture industry. For the tests have been used as a basis the requirements of the normative document NBR 7190/97. The values obtained in the tests showed a significant increase in strength and stiffness compared to unreinforced parts, where there was an increase in MOE and MOR in static bending in all specimens used in evidence. The results showed the possibility of reducing sections in furniture components and the possibility of improving the mechanical properties of parts with defects found in wood of Pinus Itapeva region of São Paulo