299 resultados para Consciência
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Vivemos um momento do mundo no qual o meio foi denominado pelo geógrafo Milton Santos, como Técnico-científico-informacional. Nesse meio, a produção científica está dominada por estruturas político-mercadológicas, que para sua manutenção e existência, enxergam e tratam os elementos naturais do planeta, como recursos ou instrumentos de uso e, as pessoas, como mão-de-obra e consumidores. O abismo que separa a humanidade da natureza, é um equívoco de percepção e tem criado conseqüências sócio-ambientais que passam a ameaçar as perspectivas de futuro, não só das gerações futuras, mas das gerações atuais. A ciência moderna, ainda orientada pelo pensamento cartesiano do século XVII, a ciência que tem como marca mais forte o “só acredito, vendo”, não vê que perdeu a objetividade e não está apta a responder aos problemas do mundo contemporâneo. Até mesmo porque, muitos deles são criados e perpetuados por esse instrumento de poder manipulado pela lógica capitalista. O título desse trabalho tem como intuito incitar uma reflexão séria a respeito do rumo que estamos dando à nossa existência no Planeta Terra enquanto seres biológico-culturais, com o objetivo de inspirar mudanças interiores capazes de gerar mudanças significativas em nossa cultura. Mudanças que ao menos cheirem a esperança no que se refere às possibilidades de melhorias em nosso quadro socioambiental. Vale salientar que “O Governo”, “A Ciência” e “O Mercado”, não são entidades obscuras que assombram nossas vidas, são pessoas como nós, para não dizer “nós mesmos”. Como integrantes da populosa comunidade humana, estamos carregados de valores, crenças e condutas que influenciam direta e indiretamente a nossa vida cotidiana, em termos de hábitos comportamentais, alimentares, de relacionamento interpessoal e com toda a comunidade de vida...(Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
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As ações do homem têm causado danos à natureza, colocando em risco a vida na Terra, muitas vezes, pelo erro de se acreditar na infinitude dos recursos naturais. Torna-se assim necessário um processo de educação para a formação da consciência ecológica, que pode ser definido como Educação Ambiental. A Botânica é o estudo do Reino Vegetal, o que envolve seus aspectos estruturais, sua fisiologia, bem como seu papel no meio ambiente, sendo que este último tem recebido muita ênfase, dada a importância dos vegetais na manutenção das condições da vida. Dada essa forte relação entre a Botânica e a Preservação ambiental, torna-se relevante a busca por propostas de ensino que articulem estes dois campos. Documentos como os Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais, do ensino médio e do ensino fundamental, assim como o Referencial Curricular Nacional para a Educação Infantil incentivam uma abordagem contextualizada dos assuntos relacionados ao meio ambiente, de forma a permitir ao aluno, não apenas a compreensão da diversidade e complexidade dos seres vivos, mas também, a percepção de seu próprio papel como agente transformador do ambiente. No nível infantil, a educação ambiental é um dos temas que pode e deve ser abordado, favorecendo a formação da consciência ambiental que se deseja, bem como despertando o interesse pelo ensino de Botânica para que este permaneça nos próximos níveis de ensino e para a vida. A importância das atividades práticas na Educação Infantil é inquestionável e o jogo é uma das atividades que favorece o desenvolvimento da criança, podendo ser utilizado como material didático capaz de auxiliar na formação de indivíduos críticos e criativos. Reconhecendo-se a importância da abordagem dos conhecimentos de Botânica para o desenvolvimento de temas de Educação Ambiental e a necessidade da... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
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Veterinary Dentistry has grown considerably in recent years. This growth, associated to increase of knowledge among pet owners regarding responsible ownership of their pets, resulted in growing concern about the oral health of the animals that already can be observed at veterinary clinics. Among the oral diseases in dogs, infraorbital fistula, so called carnassial” fistula, is a periapical osteolytic lesion of the fourth premolar (4 SPM), often associated with periodontal disease. In its early stages, is characterized clinically by a swelling in the region of the jawbone before the formation of the fistula and leakage of a liquid serosanguineous or purulent secretion. Because of these clinical features, it is often misdiagnosed as a skin condition unrelated to the teeth. It is very important to obtain intraoral radiographs to confirm the diagnosis for performing the most appropriate treatment, according to the cause of the injury
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This paper analyzes the dance, considered the oldest of the Arts, inserted in Art and Education. When you talk about dance as art, sought to articulate dance, body movement and music, because all these aspects are crucial when it comes to education in dance. Thus, this paper, by analyzing the meaning of dance over time, also made a parallel with the evolution of the concept of body that, throughout history, became the focus of sin, to currently be seen in optical freedom and autonomy, looking up from childhood, the formation of body awareness and embodiment, as a basis for identity and the formation of a positive self-image. In describing the evolution of dance, between different societies, it was shown that the tool is the dancer's own body and that for its use, it is necessary to look at its interior, human vitality, musicality and sensitivity. Proved that dance since the beginning, has been seen as a medium body, as well as desires and deepest sorrows of humanity, linked to religion, ritual or ceremonial, reaching today the freest expression of body, in modern dance. Given these considerations, based on theoretical frameworks, emphasized the importance of dance in middle school, focusing on their educational role and liberating, showing that it must be used as a tool for teaching and learning, and the development of children , given its interdisciplinary character, this Crosscutting Themes in elementary school and early childhood education curriculum benchmark. The paper concludes that, despite legislation and official documents require training for dance in the school curriculum, very little is done in this direction, which shows that there is still a choice of schools, the immobility of the pupils
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O desenvolvimento da moral na criança inicia-se muito cedo, na medida em que vivencia experiências sociomorais. Piaget observou num jogo infantil fases do desenvolvimento moral relativos à prática e a consciência da regra, a partir das quais é possível fazer uma analogia com toda a sociedade. A escola é um espaço privilegiado para manifestações de caráter eminentemente morais, podendo assim influenciar significativamente no desenvolvimento moral dos sujeitos. Uma prática comum nesse sentido é o estabelecimento de combinados de regras nas classes de Educação Infantil. Assim objetivou-se neste trabalho estudar como essa forma de construção de regras tem se constituído. Para tanto se realizaram observações sistemáticas em duas salas de aula em escolas públicas em um município do interior de São Paulo (em que se implantou o PROEPRE) e se aplicou questionário às professoras a fim de caracterizá-las enquanto sujeitos de pesquisa. Tais observações ocorreram entre fevereiro e maio de 2009, em momentos distintos da rotina de cada classe. Os dados coletados nos permitiram concluir que o tempo de experiência e formação dos sujeitos não se constituíram necessariamente em fatores relevantes para o tipo de trabalho desenvolvido com relação à construção de regras em suas salas de aula. Concluímos também que a maneira com que os professores conduziram a construção de regras com seus alunos não contribuiu significativamente para o desenvolvimento moral das crianças e para a superação da heteronomia e egocentrismo infantil segundo o referencial piagetiano
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This research aimed to analyze the spatial area for the design of the Heat Island of Subprefecture Sé, in São Paulo-SP, with the support of geotecnology and based on the study of environmental perception. We used remote sensing products such as maps ofland use and soil temperature and apparent surface to evaluate the thermal conditions considered critical points in the central area of the municipality. The methodology used was qualitative analysis, based on interviews with the people, allowing rescue geoecology the conditioning aspects of the city, with an emphasis on environmental perception. This study aimed toanalyze the perception of the variation of the thermal field in São Paulo. The results indicated that (95%) of respondents feel that the temperature of the central area has increased each year, and the district that stood out was the Sé, due to intense use and occupation of land and contribute one of the largest shopping centers. Districts with points given for having better thermal comfort were Santa Cecília, the República and Bela Vista, due to their larger amount of green areas by fiscal court, which act as local refrigerators. It was found that the respondents have the perception and awareness of their spa directly related to the quality of life. Through analysis of several variables involved, proposals and strategies may support public policies and urban planning
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
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In managing an Inpatient unit, nurses face the need to make decisions involving agents in the institution’s internal and external environments, and all these measures are influential, regardless of how beneficial they may be. Hence, ethical issues constitute an important dimension of nursing management. This study aimed at identifying measures and/or interventions adopted by managing nurses at Inpatient Units in the Botucatu School of Medicine University Hospital - UNESP with the purpose to analyze professional ethics. The study involved nurses holding technicalsupervision positions in sectors related to the Nursing Division, comprising a total number of 20. The exploratory method was used by means of taped interviews with a qualitative approach based on the Collective Subject Discourse. Human resources deficit was observed as nurses’ major concern in relation to nursing care provision. The managers seek the nursing staff’s development by means of educational activities in their own unit at the same time that they adopt those offered by the hospital. When ethical violations occur, they resort to measures ranging from individual strategies for violators’ orientation to legal intervention. The resolution of ethical conflicts by nursing managers generally occurs in a gradual fashion by taking into account their compromising level, whether in relation to the patient or to the multiprofessional team. Educational activities are focused on the development of technical skills aiming at preventing physical damage to patients although educational activities targeted at the development of professionals’ ethical awareness were not mentioned
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This study presents results a research held in the framework of, literacy projects and the process of formation of critical consciousness (instances considered, research, literacy essential to the process) and was based on the theory and design education and literacy of Paulo Freire, as well as theories that deal with the acquisition of the writing system and the process of social literacy. The objective is to see how the process of literacy and literacy for children of elementary school second, through teaching practices arising from the current state program, Read and Write and analyze the processes of formation of conscience in this age group, from the educational concepts of Paulo Freire. Was aimed also consider and describe the possible confluence between the pedagogical praxis based on state curriculum and educational proposals frerianas. For the survey, we used the field study of exploratorydescriptive and the methodology developed in three stages, namely: literature review, field research in locus, and data analysis. The instruments used were literature review and annotated by syntheses, systematic observation recorded in field notebook; open a questionnaire, and protocol of semi-structured interview. The survey was conducted in a state school in the city of Bauru, in a classroom of second year of elementary school, I cycle and the research subjects were a literacy teacher and 18 students in that room. This study developed a historical overview of literacy methods, and present the concepts of literacy and literacy in which it is based. The survey results indicate that, on the literacy practices, proposals and guidelines of the Reading and Writing Program meet the expectations which they propose to achieve, on the literacy practices in the classroom are used various kinds of texts, however, not explored are the social aspects of production, ...((Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Laboratory of Chemical Waste Management programs are being implemented in various universities of the country and the world, in recognition of the urgent need to change the reality of disregard for the environment, together with objective responsibility of the generator, and especially the awareness of sustainability. Analysis and research laboratories involve a range of waste in developing their studies with intrinsic characteristics related to their form of generation. The amount of waste generated in this segment is negligible compared to industrial activities, but the environmental issue is that these residues do not have a standard technique for treatment due to the potential variation of its composition. This research project, aiming their suitability and continuous improvement, aims to diagnose and analyze the current situation of the management and disposal of chemical waste generated by the laboratories IGCE UNESP, Campus Rio Claro / SP. Universities, through their research, teaching and extension, end up generating potentially hazardous chemicals that may contaminate the environment when they are disposed of improperly, with no concern for the environment and / or public health. Aiming to assist in improvements with respect to this issue, the purpose of this study is to understand the management and disposal of chemical waste from the IGCE, laboratories UNESP - Rio Claro / SP, in order to discuss the situation of such waste, and present proposals to reduce generation of the same and minimizing the environmental impact, thereby increasing the local hygiene through proper disposal. The research instrument used interviews, questionnaires, review of recent literature and observations were made in order to develop proposals for the management and disposal of waste. These proposals based on prevention and corrective control, where the preventive approach aims at lifting techniques and actions to reduce the generating sources and...
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From the beginning of the century, with the advent of the flex fuel car, successor fluctuations in oil prices and the rise of awareness of the impending shortage of fossil fuels, the alcohol sector begins to reappear in the panorama of national economy making Brasill reaches the point of becoming a leading exporter of this product. Ethanol assumed the role of such importance in Brazilian exports, which Petrobras through the Growth Acceleration Program (PAC) has made investments in the Brazilian pipeline network to better ensure the production of ethanol to major ports. The means of transport in pipelines are safe and inexpensive, but require careful evaluation in its implementation, they may lead to negative social and environmental impacts. Thus, the purpose of this project is to propose the best route for an ethanol pipeline connectin the Tietê-Paraná, leaving the municipality of Santa Maria da Serra (SP), to the Planalto Paulista Refinery (REPLAN), located in Paulinia (SP), belonging to the passage of ethanol export corridor, currently under revelopment. The technique used for the development of the stroke is the association of multicriteria evaluation, the geographical information system (SIG) and geotechnologies. This study presented three possible layouts for the ethanol pipeline, highlighting the best option, in addition, demonstrated the suitability of the area to receive projects of similar nature to a pipeline
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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A partir da constituição de 1988, em que os indígenas finalmente conseguiram um espaço para a preservação de seus direitos culturais, étnicos e lingüísticos, procurouse pensar em políticas eficazes que os garantissem, e uma delas, sem dúvida, é uma educação escolar indígena de qualidade, que busca se consolidar como “plurilíngüe e intercultural, específica e diferenciada, como necessária, indispensável e um direito”, tal qual vários pesquisadores ressaltam. Este é um passo muito importante, uma vez que, segundo Maher (2005), a educação indígena, desde a colonização até os anos 1970, era um verdadeiro massacre para esses povos. Porque, tomando Grupione (2006), os indígenas foram considerados ignorantes ao longo desse tempo e essas atitudes se justificavam sob o pretexto de “ajudá-los a serem civilizados”. Diante dessas questões, o ensino sobre leitura e produção de texto é fundamental enquanto instrumento para aprendizagem e para preservação cultural indígena e porque se propõe uma análise crítica de fato, cuja correção irá além de maniqueísmos de certo/errado, sempre visando especificidades de cada texto para se conceber quais conhecimentos atenderão melhor as necessidades de cada professor ou aluno, o que permite maior consciência textual e argumentativa. Estes são interesses dos próprios juruna, povo com quem trabalhamos, afirmados em seu Projeto Político Pedagógico, pela mesma idéia de preservação cultural e interação com os não-índios. São os próprios indígenas quem vêem a escola como meio de ascensão social, como afirma Ladeira (2004). Assim, nos posicionamos a favor de projetos de revitalização lingüística que promovam os direitos culturais e de uma educação escolar de qualidade
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This research aimed at studying the social role of reading, its importance in building knowledge and training of readers, as well as reflect on the teaching of reading in schools, with children in the literacy process. For their achievement, were used as theoretical support authors who are dedicated to the study of language, thematic reading, and phenomena that occur through it in the school environment, especially those of Bakhtin, Kleiman, Chartier, Foucambert, among others . The research was carried out using the approach of qualitative research, using participatory action research, through which the researcher could have direct contact with the observed phenomena, to participate and collect the participants' actions in its natural context, the from their perspective and their views. As for collecting and analyzing data, we used the tools of questionnaire, interview and participant observation. Its subjects a literacy class and their respective teacher, in 2009. By analyzing this information, one can draw a picture of reading in the school environment and teaching practices that surround this object. The results of the literature survey and data analysis suggest that reading is a social practice, and as such has indispensable social function in society today. And the school, one of the greatest instruments of contact with the world of letters, therefore, of reading for children means not literate, have key role in developing and training of readers who are aware of the importance of reading and perpetuate this practice in their daily lives. Similarly, subjects of research, have achieved an advanced level of literacy and understand the social role of reading and its importance to live in society, in which they belong