General anesthesia type does not influence serum levels of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin during the perioperative period in video laparoscopic bariatric surgery

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Avaiação da Dor e da Postura em Pacientes com Lombalgia Submetidos a Dois Protocolos de Fortalecimento Abdominal

Introduction: the lumbar spine is the main part of the body responsible for the support of the loads, where approximately half of body weight is in stable balance. This support relates to the action of abdominal muscles, of great importance in the balance of that region. The existence of abdominal muscle weakness, such won’t perform its function, may induce pathological postural attitude, that predispose the pain. Objective: to compare the effects of two abdominal strengthening protocols on pain and postural alignment in individuals with low back pain. Method: participated of the study 21 individuals of both genders, with ages between 19 and 25 years old (average 21,8±1,5) and average Body Mass Index (BMI) 21,9 (±2,48), divided randomly in isometric abdominal stimulation group (n=8), abdominal strengthening group (n=7) and control group (n=6). They realized eight sessions of strengthening, when responded Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) before and after each intervention. The control group (n=6) had no intervention. The postural data had been analyzed by photogrammetry. Results: Pain and posture data were analyzed using paired t test, with signifi cance index of 5%. Postural angles had no signifi cant differences (p>0,05) from all angles analyzed after the intervention to none of the groups. For pain values, a signifi cant decrease (p<0,05) was observed since the fi fth session in patients who were treated by the abdominal exercises protocol, and the fi rst session in patients who were treated by the isometric abdominal stimulation protocol. However, this decrease in pain was immediate, not lasting along the treatment sessions, in both protocols. Conclusion: the proposed protocols did not interfere in postural alignment. They were effective to decrease pain in a same session, once the isometric was the most effective, but they weren’t effective in preserving the improves over time.

Análise comparativa da mobilidade tóraco-abdominal em relação ao índice de massa corporal em crianças

Introdução: O índice de massa corporal elevado no compartimento toraco-abdominal promove alterações no sistema respiratório interferindo nos volumes e capacidades e consequentemente na troca gasosa. Objetivo: Analisar comparativamente a mobilidade tóraco-abdominal relacionando ao índice de massa corporal em crianças. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo do tipo transversal com abordagem quantitativa e descritiva. A amostra constou de 70 crianças com idade entre 8 e 12 anos de ambos os sexos e com o índice de massa corporal variável. Foi realizada a verificação da altura, peso, expansibilidade destas crianças em seguida classificadas em três grupos em função dos seus índices de massa corporal: eutróficos (57,1%), com sobrepeso (15,7%) e obesos (27,1%). Resultados: Os resultados obtidos apresentaram diferenças entre o grupo dos eutróficos e dos obesos, indicando, nesta perspectiva, que a mobilidade na região axilar e xifoideana são mais elevadas no grupo dos eutróficos, quando comparado ao dos obesos. Conclusão: Portanto conclui-se que o índice de massa corporal está relacionado a alterações na expansibilidade tóraco abdominal de crianças.

Abdominal muscle strength is related to the quality of life among older adults with lumbar osteoarthritis

The aim of the present study was to determine the association between abdominal muscle strength and quality of life among older adults with lumbar osteoarthritis. A blind, cross-sectional study was conducted involving 40 older adults: 20 with lumbar osteoarthritis (12 women and 8 men, mean age of 65.90 ± 4.80 years) and 20 controls (14 women and 6 men, mean age of 67.90 ± 4.60 years). The volunteers were submitted to an abdominal muscle strength test. Quality of life was evaluated using the SF-36 questionnaire. Both abdominal muscle strength and quality of life scores were significantly lower in the group with lumbar osteoarthritis in comparison to the controls (p < 0.05). Moreover, significant and positive associations were found between abdominal muscle strength and the subscales of the SF-36 questionnaire (p < 0.05, 0.421 ≥ rs ≤ 0.694). Based on the present findings, older adults with lumbar osteoarthritis with greater abdominal muscle strength have a better quality of life.

Position paper from the IBRA Symposium on Surgery of the Head - The 2nd International Symposium for Condylar Fracture Osteosynthesis, Marseille, France 2012

Background: This is a position paper from the 2nd International Bone Research Association (IBRA) Symposium for Condylar Fracture Osteosynthesis 2012 was held at Marseille, succeeding the first congress in Strasbourg, France, in 2007. The goal of this IBRA symposium and this paper was to evaluate current trends and potential changes of treatment strategies for mandibular condylar fractures, which remain controversial over the past decades.Methods: Using a cross-sectional study design, we enrolled the consensus based on the panel of experts and participants in the IBRA Symposium 2012. The outcomes of interest were the panel and electronic votes on management of condylar base, neck and head fractures, and panel votes on endoscopic and paediatric condylar fractures. Appropriate descriptive and univariate statistics were used.Results: The consensus derived from 14 experts and 41 participant surgeons, using 12 case scenarios and 27 statements. The experts and participants had similar decision on the treatment of condylar base, neck and head fractures, as well as similar opinion on complications of condylar fracture osteosynthesis. They had a parallel agreement on using open reduction with internal fixation (ORIF) as treatment of choice for condylar base and neck fractures in adults. Endoscopic approaches should be considered for selected cases, such as condylar base fractures with lateral displacement. There was also a growing tendency to perform ORIF in condylar head fractures. The experts also agreed to treat children (> 12 years old) in the same way as adults and to consider open reduction in severely displaced and dislocated fractures even in younger children. Nevertheless, non-surgical treatment should be the first choice for children <6 years of age. The decision to perform surgery in children was based on factors influencing facial growth, appropriate age for ORIF, and disagreement to use resorbable materials in children.Conclusions: The experts and participating surgeons had comparable opinion on management of condylar fractures and complications of ORIF. Compared to the first Condylar Fracture Symposium 2007 in Strasbourg, ORIF may now be considered as the gold standard for both condylar base and neck fractures with displacement and dislocation. Although ORIF in condylar head fractures in adults and condylar fractures in children with mixed dentition is highly recommended, but this recommendation requires further investigations. (C) 2014 European Association for Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Vagal afferent control of abdominal expiratory activity in response to hypoxia and hypercapnia in rats

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Pre- and post-operative evaluations of eight dogs following right nephrectomy due to Dioctophyma renale

Background: Dioctophyma renale is a large nematode distributed worldwide that may cause progressive and severe destruction of renal parenchyma.Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate pre- and post-operatively dogs submitted to right nephrectomy due to D. renale and to assess the histopathological damage of the removed kidney.Animals and methods: Eight crossbred dogs, aged from 12 to 48 months that were unilaterally nephrectomized due to the presence of D. renale were evaluated. Physical examination, urinalysis, complete blood count, serum biochemistry, and abdominal ultrasound were performed immediately before and one month after nephrectomy. The nephrectomized right kidneys were submitted to macroscopic and microscopic evaluations.Results: Urinalysis preoperatively detected occult blood in all dogs and D. renale eggs in five cases. Complete blood count showed all parameters within the reference range, except one dog post-operatively. Serum biochemistry performed before and after surgery verified that urea, creatinine and sodium were within the reference range values in all dogs. Other findings varied among the dogs. The length and arterial resistive index mean values of the left kidney were similar pre- and post-operatively.Conclusions: Thus, the inconsiderable change in laboratory findings pre- and post-operatively was attributable to compensation by left kidney function for the removed abnormal right kidney. Right kidney histology revealed chronic nephropathy due to D. renale.Clinical importance: Imaging diagnosis should be performed on dogs suspected as carrying the disease or on those from an enzootic area since the laboratory findings are not specific except eggs in the urine.

Impact of bariatric surgery on oral health conditions: 6-months cohort study

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

A Randomized Trial of the Topical Effect of Antifibrinolytic Epsilon Aminocaproic Acid on Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery Without Cardiopulmonary Bypass

We assessed the effect of the topical application of epsilon-aminocaproic antifibrinolytic acid (EACA) on the pericardium of patients submitted to coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) without the use of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). This is a prospective, randomized, and double-blind study. We evaluated 26 patients with chronic coronary heart disease indicated for CABG without CPB (EACA and placebo groups). The analysis of the postoperative hematological results showed no difference between groups in hemoglobin and hematocrit. There was no difference between the groups regarding the postoperative bleeding through the drains in the first 24 hours, 48 hours, and accumulated loss until removal of drains. The use of EACA in patients undergoing CABG without CPB presented no difference in the reduction of the amount of bleeding and the need for blood transfusions.

Use of surgery and carboplatin in feline malignant mammary gland neoplasms with advanced clinical staging

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Ocular ultrasonography and ultrasound biomicroscopy: applicability in clinical and ophthalmic surgery

With the advent of high frequency transducers, the use of ocular ultrasound has become widely used because it provides definitions of major ocular structures. This diagnostic tool is useful in the evaluation of ophthalmic injuries, and also used for qualitative and quantitative evaluation of intraocular and orbital lesions. It is a noninvasive, safe and fast, easy to use and can be performed in an awake animal. The ocular ultrasonography is indicated in cases of ocular opacity, when the ophthalmic examination cannot be done, and in eyes with ocular trauma or suspected orbital disease. Ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) is a diagnostic tool with high cost and sedation or general anesthesia is necessary, but has the advantage of evaluating structures poorly defined or visualized in the anterior segment of the eye. Therefore, this paper aims to show the importance of ocular ultrasonography and UBM to veterinary practitioners, and to demonstrate its advantages and indications in ophthalmic routine.

Abdominal ultrasound alterations in dogs with lymphoma

The aim of this study was to evaluate abdominal ultrasound images of dogs diagnosed with lymphoma. Seventy cases of dogs with lymphoma were analyzed. The animals selected were diagnosed with lymphoma which was confirmed by citology or histopathology. The most common sonographic alterations were abdominal lymphadenopathy (57.1%), hepatomegaly (54.2%) and splenomegaly (51.4%). Of the animals that had a cytology done of superficial lymph nodes, 82,8% showed diffuse sonographic changes in the liver, 54.5% had normal sonographic appearance in the spleen and enlargement of the medial iliac lymph nodes. Considering the results, we conclude that canine lymphoma is a complex disease and that it requires several laboratory tests for a correct diagnosis and prognosis.

Contribution in the diagnosis of ultrasonography perinephric pseudocyst uriniferous in a feline - case report

The renal pseudocysts are accumulations of fluid unilateral or bilateral perirenal location, contained in a capsule without epithelium, a characteristic that distinguishes them from true renal cysts. The capsule itself may have originated in the renal capsule or a localized inflammatory reaction. The nature of the fluid can vary, but the presence of ooze found the most common, but they are also called pseudocysts accumulations of urine, blood and lymph. The most frequently observed clinical sign is abdominal distention. However these nonspecific signs may be related to chronic kidney disease and azotemia that may develop before or after the formation of this lesion. The abdominal ultrasound is less invasive and allows you to diagnose this change more easily, also allowing the collection of fluid guided percutaneous and submit it to cytological, biochemical and bacteriological in order to obtain information about its nature. This paper aims to describe a case of perinephric pseudocyst in a cat uriniferous, highlighting the contribution ultrasound as a diagnostic method complementary quick and noninvasive, allowing evaluation of the architecture of the renal parenchyma, differentiation of cortex and spinal cord as well as detect changes in size and shape of it, aiming for better planning in clinical surgery.