Efeitos da privação de água sobre padrões de ingestão de alimentos e aspectos da morfologia renal em três espécies de roedores

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Undernutrition fetal programming: effects on kidney morphology, renal steroid and angiotensin receptors expression and urinary sodium excretion

Maternal undernutrition affects the foetal development, promoting renal alterations and adult hypertension. The present study investigates, in adult male rats, the effect of food restriction in utero on arterial blood pressure changes (AP), and its possible association with the number of nephrons, renal function and angiotensin II (AT1R/AT2R), glucocorticoid (GR) and mineralocorticoid (MCR) receptors expression. The daily food supply to pregnant rats was measured and one group (n=5) received normal quantity of food (NF) while the other group received 50% of that (FR50) (n=5). The AP was measured weekly. At 16 weeks of life, fractionator’s method was used to estimate glomeruli number in histological slices. The renal function was estimate by creatinine and lithium clearances. Blood and urine samples were collected to biochemical determination of creatinine, sodium, potassium and lithium. At 90th and 23rd days of life, kidneys were also processed to AT1R, AT2R, GR and MCR immunolocalization and for western blotting analysis. FR50 offspring shows a significant reduction in BW (FR50: 5.67 ± 0.16 vs. 6.84 ± 0.13g in NF, P<0.001) and increased AP from 6th to 12nd week (6thwk FR50: 149.1 ± 3.4 vs. 125.1 ± 3.2mmHg in NF, P<0.001and, 12ndwk FR50: 164.4 ± 4.9 vs. 144.0 ± 3.3 mmHg in NF, P=0.02). Expression of AT1R and AT2R were significantly decreased in FR50 (AT1, 59080 ± 2709 vs. 77000 ± 3591 in NF, P=0.05; AT2, 27500 ± 95.50 vs. 67870 ± 1509 in NF, P=0.001) while the expression of GR increased in FR50 (36090 ± 781.5 vs. 4446 ± 364.5 in NF, P=0.0007). The expression of MCR did not change significantly. We also verified a pronounced decrease in fractional urinary sodium excretion in FR50 offspring (0.03 ± 0.02 vs. 0.06 ± 0.04 in NF, p=0.03). This occurred despite unchanged creatinine clearance. The study led us to suggest that fetal undernutrition, with increased fetal exposure... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Aspectos Nutricionais na Doença Renal Crônica em Cães

It is understood by Chronic Renal Failure (CRF) or Stage IV Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) the morbid state in which there is a substantial and irreversible loss of functional capacity, metabolic and endocrine function in both kidneys, leading to a framework of dehydration, azotemia, electrolyte imbalance, anemia, uremic syndrome, secondary hyperparathyroidism, among other conditions that make the patient's life without treatment unfeasible. An adequate nutritional support to patients with CKD at any stage aims to maintain a good clinical condition and an attempt to delay the progression of the disease. The basis of a diet for patients with CKD is the restriction in this protein being of high biological value, low-phosphorus, high energy density, fiber and antioxidants combined with a good dietary practices that allow the patient a good quality of life

Exposição ambiental ao chumbo: um problema de áreas contaminadas próximas a fábricas de baterias

The concentration of metal pollutants such as lead (Pb), has grown and developed in populated areas due to pollution and other human activities. Consequently, the potential for achieve this element food chain has also increased. Lead is very toxic to humans, especially to children, and exposure to lead can cause adverse health effects mainly on human nervous system, bone marrow and kidneys, interfering with chromosomal or genetic processes. This paper presents an overview of the main aspects related to environmental contamination by lead from battery plants. The assessment of an area contaminated by lead in Bauru-SP next a battery factory was reported in this work as well as the entire history of monitoring, classification and application of processes applied by CETESB since 2002. Analyzing the issue in its economic aspects, we found that the degradation of the environment is directly related to the development model adopted by the capitalist system, which is based on the law of supply and demand for products and services. The data presented indicate that Brazil still needs a broader policy where government agencies, industries and population through awareness can be united for the same purpose: to preserve life

Insuficiência renal crônica em cães

The kidneys, for his anatomical and functional characteristics, are sensitive to affections that take the liberation of renal toxins or the blood supply, causing irreversible injuries to his renoparenchymal tissue that is substituted by fibrous tissue. Even after the resolution of the basic cause, there will be the loss of a significant number of his functional unity, renal adaptations will take place in the attempt of maintaining the renal function. These adaptations produce additional injuries, perpetuating to loss of renoparenchymal tissue and the reduction of the renal function. The renal insufficiency (IR) takes place after the loss of 3/4 of the number of his functional unities. Before the progression to the phase of IR, the animal shows up practically without symptoms, but for the gradual increase of the urinary and of the ingestion of water. The reduction of the degree of renal function leads to alterations system compensatory for the accumulation of substances that would suffer renal excretion. The progression of IR leads to the phase of the syndrome urêmica. In this phase the animal presents innumerable clinical signs that can take it to the death. The treatment is symptomatic and dietetic, but depending on the phase not much efficient. Because of being progressive and insidious, the IRC demands the preparation of campaigns and programs of explanation for the veterinary doctors who aim for the consciousness and/or sensibility of the owners to carry out periodic examinations of selection that precociously detect the renal dysfunction. The diagnosis in the beginning IR enables the efficiency of the treatment in stop or slowing his progression, extending the time and quality of life of the patient

Pressão arterial em cães: uma revisão

The evaluation of blood pressure is an essential tool for veterinarian clinical practice and for monitoring anesthetized patients or patients in intensive care, because of its usefulness in diagnostics, treatment and monitoring of several diseases. Apart from the pathological factor, the blood pressure also suffers the influence of different variables, such as age, breed, gender, temperament (anxiety and stress especially during the treatment, “white coat syndrome”), disease state, physical activity and, with lower intensity, animal’s diet. One of the main indications of the evaluation of blood pressure is the observation of clinical changes resulting from hypertension in animals, which one is characterized by lesions in the nervous and cardiovascular systems, kidneys and eyes. Not least important, the evaluation of blood pressure is also essential in hypotensive states, which represent an imminent risk of death. The techniques used in measuring blood pressure correspond to invasive forms (direct) or non invasive (indirect), whose correlation has been the subject of study and improvement within the small animal clinic. Thus, the purpose of this review is emphasize the importance of measuring blood pressure within the veterinary clinic routine, studying the influence of variables associated or not with elevated blood pressure, comparing the different methods used to obtain the blood pressure

Desenvolvimento e avaliação de uma vacina inativada contra estirpe variante brasileira do vírus da bronquite infecciosa aviária

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FCAV

Influência da suplementação sobre estresse oxidativo e processo inflamatório renal de animais com sobrecarga nutricional

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Avaliação do balanço nitrogenado e aparecimento de nitrogênio uréico como marcadores de catabolismo, infecção e mortalidade em pacientes com lesão renal aguda em diálise

Pós-graduação em Fisiopatologia em Clínica Médica - FMB

Efeitos da dose única de parecoxibe sobre a morte celular em rins de ratos submetidos à hemorragia aguda

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Risco de Farmingham e evento cardiovascular em mulheres com síndrome dos ovários policísticos

Pós-graduação em Ginecologia, Obstetrícia e Mastologia - FMB

Interferência do parecoxibe sobre a função renal e lesão de rins submetidos ao estresse isquêmico: trabalho experimental em ratos com uso de NGAL como marcador da função renal

Pós-graduação em Anestesiologia - FMB

O papel do NGAL urinário como preditor diagnóstico e prognóstico da lesão aguda associada a sepse em pacientes admitidos na emergência clínica

Pós-graduação em Fisiopatologia em Clínica Médica - FMB

Dexmedetomidine on renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats: assessment by means of NGAL and histology

Background: Ischemic acute kidney injury is a common occurrence in the perioperative period and in critical patients admitted to intensive care units. The reestablishment of blood supply may worsen injury through the ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) mechanism. We investigated the effect of dexmedetomidine on the kidneys of rats subjected to an experimental I/R model. Methods: 34 rats anesthetized with isoflurane was undergone right nephrectomy and randomly assigned to four groups: Control C (saline solution); Dexmedetomidine D (dexmedetomidine); Sham S (saline solution); Sham with Dexmedetomidine SD (dexmedetomidine). The serum levels of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) were measured at time-points T1 (following stabilization), T2 (ischemia), T3 (reperfusion), T4 (12 h after of I/R). The kidneys were subjected to histological examination. Results: The NGAL levels were significantly higher at T4 compared with T1. Upon histological examination, the left kidneys in groups C and D exhibited a similar extent of cell injury. Conclusion: The levels of NGAL did not indicate either protection against or worsening of kidney injury. Histological examination for acute tubular necrosis showed that dexmedetomidine did not protect the kidneys from I/R.

Identification of the presence of the mutation of the gene of PKD not associated of HCM in Persian cats - case report

Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is a hereditary autosomal dominant disorder that mainly affects Persian cats; it is an important cause of chronic kidney disease in this species. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common heart disease in cats, and there is evidence of a genetic origin in some breeds. Although neither of these disorders is rare in cats, according to our literature review, this is the first report of the concomitant occurrence of PKD and HCM in Persian cats in Brazil.