Estados emocionais de praticantes de exercícios com peso

Este estudo, de natureza quantitativa, investigou alguns fatores psicológicos que podem existir na prática regular de atividade física para praticantes de musculação em academias, como: motivação, vergonha e ansiedade. Foi investigado também quando a prática do exercício físico se torna doença chamada de Síndrome de Adonis ou vigorexia. Este trabalho foi desenvolvido por revisão de literatura e um questionário contendo perguntas fechadas. O estudo foi realizado por 24 indivíduos, sendo 12 do sexo masculino e 12 do sexo feminino, com idades variando de 16 a 40 anos, freqüentadores de uma academia na cidade de Rio Claro, no estado de São Paulo. Esse trabalho foi realizado em duas etapas. A primeira etapa constatou uma revisão de literatura sobre academia, musculação, aderência, estados emocionais e vigorexia. Na segunda etapa foi desenvolvida uma pesquisa exploratória através da aplicação de um questionário anônimo com 10 questões fechadas, entregue aleatoriamente aos 24 indivíduos de ambos os sexos. O estudo de caráter quantitativo teve como objetivo identificar a ocorrência dos estados já mencionados na academia, fazer a comparação entre os dois sexos e sugerir ao professor alguma forma de atuação para o desenvolvimento emocional do aluno. Os dados observados mostraram que os professores de academia devem desenvolver um trabalho visando às emoções e sensações vivenciadas pelos alunos de musculação. Este trabalho será importante para melhorar a motivação e a performance, aprimorando a socialização, bem estar, e saúde gerando satisfação pessoal e aumento da qualidade de vida.

Métodos de estimativa de peso e altura na avaliação de desnutrição de pacientes com câncer

To calculate the estimated and actual height and weight measures in cancer patients, evaluate the correlation and concordance of these measures and to identify the malnutrition patients. 62 cancer patients, treated at the Amaral Carvalho Hospital (Jaú- SP). For classifi cation of nutritional status, the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment, the Body Mass Index and the relationship with usual weight were used. For the estimated weight was used the algorithm Chumlea et al.7 and estimated height, the equation proposed by Chumlea et al.8 and Kwok & Whitelaw24. The Pearson Correlation Coeffi cient and the Intraclass Correlation Coeffi cient was calculated and simple linear regression was conducted. To compare the malnutrition detected by different methods, the Cochran’s Q test were performed. There was a strong and signifi cant correlation between the estimated and actual weight (r=0,95; CI95%=0,92-0,97; p<0,001) and excellent concordance (ρ=0,95). For height measurements, a signifi cant correlation was observed between the actual and estimated measurement the method Chumlea et al.8 (r=0,78; CI95%=0,66-0,86; p<0,001) and Kwok & Whitelaw24 (r=0,85; CI95%: 0,75-0,90; p<0,001). Concordance was “Good” (ρ=0,72) and “Moderate” (ρ=0,67) between the actual height and estimated by Chumlea et al.8 and Kwok & Whitelaw,24 respectively. There was a strong correlation between the actual and estimated weight and height measures. The reproducibility of the equation proposed by Chumlea et al.8 to calculate height was better. The nutritional status, the patients classifi ed as malnutrition was greater when using the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment and the relationship with usual weight.

Modelagem das trajetórias médias do peso vivo e do rendimento de carcaça de tilápias do Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus) por meio de funções B-spline

Employing the method of least squares and quadratic B-spline polynomials, different statistical models were tested to identify the most appropriate to model the mean trajectories of live weight and carcass yield of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Data of live weight (8,758) and carcass yield (2,042) of tilapias with ages between 106 and 245 days were obtained from 72 families derived from 36 males and 72 females. The sex and tank variables were considered as classificatory and the coefficients of quadratic polynomials B-spline of two to five intervals of the same size were used as covariables. According to most fit criteria used, the models with quadratic B-spline polynomial with five intervals of the same size presented the best adjustments. The increase in number of intervals of B-spline polynomial improved the fit of the polynomials to the data. The inclusion of classificatory effects from sex, tank, the interaction of these effects and the quadratic polynomial B-spline nested in this interaction indicated that, over time, each sex, grown in different tank, presented different mean trajectory, necessitating the inclusion of nesting time in the interaction sex x tank in order to avoid the under or overestimation of breeding values of the selection candidates in breeding programs of this species.

Manejo pré-abate de ovelhas de descarte: perdas de peso corporal, qualidade da carne e comportamento animal

The aim of this study was to know the behavior of Santa Inês ewes in different physiological stages during the pre-slaughter management, as well as their body weight loss, blood hematocrit values and meat quality. 21 discard ewes were used, arranged into the following treatments: T1 = ewes which remained in lactation for 60 days with their respective lambs and slaughtered one day after weaning; T2 = ewes which remained in lactation for 60 days with their respective lambs and one more period of approximately 30 days without the lambs and afterwards slaughtered; and T3 = ewes which remained in confinement for 60 days and did not give birth during the year. The weight of ewes after transportation was lower for T1 in comparison with T2. Blood hematocrit values of ewes before and after transportation and after fast in the waiting pen were not different among the treatments, with mean value of 58.50%. We concluded that the quality of meat of discard ewes in different physiological stages is not altered by pre-slaughter management, when correctly performed (avoiding animal stress), concerning meat pH.

Suplementação com gordura protegida para vacas de corte desmamadas precocemente mantidas em pastagem natural

The objective of this work was to evaluate the productive and reproductive performance of beef cows, as well as the performance of their calves according to the following dietary treatments: PRE: supplemented with protected fat (PF) during 45 days prepartum; PREPOS: supplemented with PF during 45 days prepartum and 63 days postpartum; POS: supplemented with PF during 63 days postpartum; PN: without supplementation. The productive performance of cows was not influenced by feed management (P>0.05), except for body condition score (BCS), which was lower for PRE and PREPOS cows at the end of mating season, with the latter cows having similar BCS POS and PN. The calving interval (CI) was shorter for cows supplemented in PREPOS - 376 days -, and did not differ in cows maintained in PN - 383 days. Supplemented PREPOS cows weaned 4.4% more pounds of calf per 100kg of cow at calving - 22.6kg - than the PRE and POS cows - 21.6kg and 21.6kg, respectively - and 8,4% more pounds of calf per 100 of cow at calving than the cows maintained in native pasture - 20.7kg. The fat protected supplementation during pre and/or postpartum periods did not affect the performance of cows and calves.

Predição genômica para o peso ao sobreano via norma de reação em bovinos de corte

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Correlações entre escores visuais e características produtivas em prova de ganho de peso de bovinos da raça Nelore Mocha

The objective was evaluate the phenotypic correlations among visual scores, performance traits and scrotal circumference of the polled Nelore cattle performance tests. Animals of the fifth, sixth, seventh official performance test in pasture were analysed. At the end of each test period the following measures were taken: adjusted weight to 550 days, gain weight, visual score (body structure; precocity and muscle) and scrotal circumference. The musculature, precocity and body structure showed significant positive correlations (P <0.01) with gain weight, adjusted average daily weight to 550 days, scrotal circumference and chest circumference. However, only hip height showed a significant positive correlation with muscularity. Therefore, in polled Nelore cattle, regards to performance test in pasture, the visual scores show positive correlation with the performance traits and scrotal circumference, showing that visual scores is important tool in the polled Nelore Cattle performance test.

Polimorfismos genéticos como moduladores do consumo alimentar, peso corporal e comorbidades após um ano de cirurgia bariátrica

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Análise de dados sobre crianças com excesso de peso com auxílio de recursos computacionais

Pós-graduação em Desenvolvimento Humano e Tecnologias - IBRC

Estudo genético do escore de condição corporal de vacas Nelore

Pós-graduação em Genética e Melhoramento Animal - FCAV

Gravidez na adolescência: determinante para prematuridade e baixo peso

Prematurity and low birth weight are public health problems. This paper aims to relate the occurrence of premature labors and low birth weight with adolescent pregnancy. We performed a literature review about the socioeconomic and cultural conditions of adolescent pregnancy and perinatal results. Through bibliographical data, we identified observational and systematic review articles that deal with the subject. The literature analysis permits us to conclude that adolescent pregnancies as well as the socioeconomic and cultural environment in which the young mother is inserted are associated with the increased frequency of prematures and low birth weight babies. The development and the implementation of effective public policies directed to that population are necessary to a better approach of the problem.

Influência do peso, volume e densidade absoluta da placenta no peso dos recém-nascidos de gestantes portadoras de hipertensão arterial ou Diabetes Mellitus

Influence of weight, volume and absolute placental density on the weight of newborns of pregnant women with arterial hypertension or Diabetes Mellitus

Obesidade e sobre peso pré-gestacionais: prevalência e principais complicações maternas

Objetive: The goal of this review is to present up-to-date information on the prevalence of overweight and obesity and to discuss the evidence regarding the impact of these conditions on the health of mother.Data Collection Method: We conducted a search for articles in the Medline, PubMed and Scielo databases covering the past 5 years, and reviewed the bibliographical references contained in the articles selected. Articles were selected by subjective evaluation in terms of methodology, sample size and year of publication. Summary of evidence: Current information points to a high and growing prevalence of overweight and obesity. We found strong evidence linking excess weight before pregnancy with the development of pregnancy-induced hypertension, gestational diabetes, pregnancy at 41 weeks or over, thromboembolism, cesarean section and puerperal infection. Conclusions: Excess weight in the pre-pregnancy is one of the most important risk factors of maternal health, whose importance increases because it is a modifiable risk factor. The obese pregnant woman should be considered at high risk and it is recommended that women be with the weight as close to normal as possible before conception.

Proporção tecidual da perna de caprinos jovens em função do grupo racial, peso de abate e sexo

To evaluate the effect of breed group, slaughter weight and sex on tissue proportion of the leg and muscle, bone and fat ratio in confined kids, seventy-four goats of both sex were used and divided among breed groups: Alpine (A), ½ Nubian + ½ Alpine (½ ANA), ½ Boer + ½ Alpine (½ BA), ¾ Boer + ¼ Alpine (¾ BA) and ½ Nubian + ¼ Alpine + ¼ Boer, (Three cross - TC), at three slaughter weights (25, 30 and 35 kg). Leg represented 31.01% of half carcass, where 62.29% was total muscle, 21.45% total bone and 8.35% total fat. Alpine animals had higher bone weight than other groups. Male kids had higher muscle and bone proportion, whereas females had higher subcutaneous and intramuscular fat in leg. The percentage of total weight of the muscle, five muscles, adductor muscle, quadriceps muscle and femur were higher in the slaughter weights of 25 and 30 kg.