Excess body fat negatively affects bone mass in adolescents

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Data collection on bone density of mandibular alveolar bone on a Hounsfield scale of the dental apex of the cranial root of the first inferior molar in dogs using computed tomography at FMVZ-UNESP

The head is the most important and specialized region in the body because it contains a range of specialized organs and, because it has interconnections between specialized organs, there is a great overlap of images. Thus, computed tomography (CT) helps in diagnosing diseases in this region, such as oral conditions, as they provide millimetric slices or cuts and demonstrate the relationship between the various anatomical structures involved, in volume and depth. Within dentistry, CT helps in the identification of pathological processes such as infection, tumors, visualization of embedded teeth and bone bed. This study aimed to assess the density of the mandibular alveolar bone at a determined point to later predict how periodontal disease is involved in bone resorption. For this, we performed a blind retrospective study (n = 124) of the CT scan files of dog skulls at FMVZ-UNESP in order to determine the density of the jaw bone using a Hounsfield scale, in the region of the dental apex of the cranial root of the first molar tooth in dogs. The results obtained were evaluated using mean and standard deviation (27.28 +/- 9.53 HU) in order to predict the normal density of the mandibular alveolar bone in the studied region. Thus, this data analysis allows a more concise evaluation of bone resorption of mandibular alveolar bone and, therefore, provides an adequate surgical planning in cases of osteosynthesis given mainly by the presence of installed periodontal disease.

Iliac osteosynthesis with nylon clamp associated to polymethylmethacrylate bone cement - experimental study in dogs cadavers

Fractures of iliac body are generally consequences of traumas of great impact. These fractures lead to a lack of locomotor response and in specific cases, surgery is needed. Among the possible therapeutic lines, implants become a good option. In this paper, the authors used dog corpses to develop a surgery technique of iliac osteosynthesis, employing nylon clamps and bone cement of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA). Sixteen hemi pelvises of eight dog corpses, which had its iliac bodies totally fractured previously, were utilized. The osteosynthesis was reached through the implantation of six nylon clamps, distributed equally between the bone fragments. With the use of the nylon clamps there were bone realignment and a contact surface to fixation of the biomaterial. The technique developed in corpses was easily executed, effective in reduction, alignment and stabilization of the fracture. The authors suggest more studies in vitro to evaluate immobilization resistance and functionality in dogs with this condition.

Effect of dietary energy concentration on performance parameters and egg quality of white leghorn laying hens

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Deproteinized Bovine Bone Mineral or Autologous Bone at Dehiscence Type Defects at Implants Installed Immediately into Extraction Sockets: An Experimental Study in Dogs

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Silencing mitogen-activated protein kinase-activated protein kinase-2 arrests inflammatory bone loss

p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are critical for innate immune signaling and subsequent cytokine expression in periodontal inflammation and bone destruction. In fact, previous studies show that systemic p38 MAPK inhibitors block periodontal disease progression. However, development of p38 MAPK inhibitors with favorable toxicological profiles is difficult. Here, we report our findings regarding the contribution of the downstream p38 MAPK substrate, mitogen-activated protein kinase-activated protein kinase 2 (MK2 or MAPKAPK-2), in immune response modulation in an experimental model of pathogen-derived lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced periodontal bone loss. To determine whether small interfering RNA (siRNA) technology has intraoral applications, we initially validated MK2 siRNA specificity. Then, gingival tissue surrounding maxillary molars of rats was injected with MK2 siRNA or scrambled siRNA at the palatal regions of bone loss. Intraoral tissues treated with MK2 siRNA had significantly less MK2 mRNA expression compared with scrambled siRNA-treated tissues. MK2 siRNA delivery arrested LPS-induced inflammatory bone loss, decreased inflammatory infiltrate, and decreased osteoclastogenesis. This proof-of-concept study suggests a novel target using an intraoral RNA interference strategy to control periodontal inflammation.

Relationship between levels of neuropeptide Substance P in periodontal disease and chronic pain: a literature review

The aim of the current review was to investigate the relationship between levels of neuropeptide Substance P in periodontal disease and chronic pain. Substance P is a neuropeptide that is directly related with pain. In periodontal disease, it is expressed during the inflammatory process, and is one of the factors responsible for bone resorption. Studies have shown that Substance P levels are highest in the gingival crevicular fluid from sites with active periodontal disease and bone loss. The persistence of these substances could be sufficient to stimulate neurogenic inflammation in susceptible tissues, and cause pain. The scientific literature shows that Substance P expressed during periodontal disease can be a risk factor for patients with systemic inflammatory pathologies, such as chronic arthritis or rheumatoid arthritis. Additional research is needed to confirm the participation of this substance in the origin of some types of chronic pain.

Bone marrow cytological evaluation in dogs with chronic kidneydisease

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Turnover do carbono em sangue e plasma, nas fases crescimento e postura, de codornas japonesas (Coturnix coturnix japonica)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Sementes de piper cubeba nas dietas de alta e baixa digestibilidade para frangos de corte, uma alternativa de aditivo fitogênico

Pós-graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia Animal - FEIS

In vivo evaluation of the genetic toxicity of Rubus niveus Thunb. (Rosaceae) extract and initial screening of its potential chemoprevention against doxorubicin-induced DNA damage

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Peritoneal dialysis per se is a risk factor for sclerostin-associated adynamic bone disease

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Low-dose combined oral contraceptive use is associated with lower bone mineral content variation in adolescents over a 1-year period

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Maxillary sinus lift without grafting, and simultaneous implant placement: a prospective clinical study with a 51-month follow-up

A prospective clinical study of maxillary sinus lift procedures in the posterior region of the maxilla, using only blood clot as filling material, was conducted. Seventeen patients underwent a maxillary sinus lift procedure; 20 maxillary sinus regions were operated on and a total of 25 implants were placed. The sinus mucosa was lifted together with the anterior wall of the osteotomized maxilla and supported by the implants placed. Computed tomography (CT) scans were obtained immediately postoperative (T-initial) and at 3 (T-1) and 51(T-2) months postoperative for the measurement of linear bone height and bone density (by grey tones). Only one implant was lost in the first stage (96% success). After dental prosthesis placement and during up to 51 months of follow-up, no implant was lost (100% success, second stage). The difference in mean bone height between T-initial (5.94 mm) and T-1 (13.14 mm), and between T-initial and T-2 (11.57 mm), was statistically significant (both P < 0.001); comparison between T-1 and T-2 also presented a statistical difference (P < 0.001). Bone density had increased at the end of the period analyzed, but this was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Thus, the maxillary sinus lift technique with immediate implant placement, filling with blood clot only, may be performed with a high success rate.

Raloxifene enhances peri-implant bone healing in osteoporotic rats

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)