Efeito da tarefa dupla na variabilidade do andar livre e adaptativo de pacientes com demência de Alzheimer

O objetivo do estudo foi analisar o efeito da tarefa dupla na variabilidade do andar livre e adaptativo em pacientes com demência de Alzheimer. Foram avaliados 30 indivíduos de ambos os sexos. Os participantes realizaram 5 tentativas para cada condição de andar (livre e adaptativo, com tarefa dupla e sem tarefa dupla), totalizando 20 tentativas.As variáveis espaço-temporais foram coletadas através de um sistema optoeletrônico. Para o andar livre foram considerados os cinco passos centrais da passarela. Para o andar adaptativo foram considerados os três passos anteriores ao obstáculo, o passo de ultrapassagem e o primeiro passo após a ultrapassagem. Os valores do desvio-padrão de cada variável de cada indivíduo nas 5 tentativas para cada condição de andar foram utilizados para calcular a variabilidade dos seguintes parâmetros: comprimento, largura, duração da fase de suporte simples e de duplo suporte, e velocidade de cada passo. Para verificar as diferenças entre as condições experimentais, foram empregadas ANOVAs, com medidas repetidas para a condição experimental. Os resultados indicaram que a tarefa dupla teve pouco efeito na variabilidade do andar livre de pacientes com DA. As variações ocorreram com maior frequência quando a tarefa dupla foi exigida concomitante com o obstáculo, deixando claro que os efeitos da doença influenciam no planejamento da ação. Conclui-se que a tarefa executiva de contagem regressiva não exerceu influência nas variáveis da marcha livre e que o andar adaptativo com contagem apresentou resultados com maior variabilidade, sendo mais desafiador e exigindo maiores ajustes dos pacientes

Calibração do Modelo de TBC para cálculos de espectros de raios-X

As normas nacionais e internacionais prevêem que a manutenção dos níveis de radiação deve estar abaixo do permitido. Sendo assim, a ICRP [1] (International Commission on Radiological Protection) exige métodos de otimização para garantir que o público esteja exposto aos menores níveis de radiação possíveis. Como método de otimização, aproximações teóricas e semi-empiricas podem realizar uma determinação do espectro de raios-X, sendo fundamental para o diagnóstico de energia, estimando a dose de radiações em pacientes e formulando modelos de blindagem. Métodos adequados de radioproteção foram desenvolvidos na física médica como a medicina nuclear, a radioterapia e a radiologia diagnóstica. Um dos métodos semi-empiricos utilizados é o modelo de TBC que é capaz de reproduzir e calcular os espectros gerados pelo anodo de tungstênio. Com o modelo de TBC modificado é possível também obedecer às exigências das barreiras protetoras presentes na radiologia, levando em conta a forma de onda arbitrária e a filtração adicional na geração do espectro não presente no modelo original. Além disso, realiza-se a calibração do espectro gerado para que o modelo de TBC represente a quantidade e comportamento de radiações típicas. Dessa forma, realiza-se uma revisão do modelo de TBC implementando-o ao programa matemático Matlab e comparando-o com os resultados adquiridos pelo Código MCNP-5 no Método de Monte Carlo. Os resultados encontrados são bastante satisfatórios, tanto em termos quantitativos quanto qualitativos dos feixes. Para a calibração, desenvolve-se uma análise dos espectros gerados pelo TBC Modificado aplicado ao programa Mathcad e Matlab sob as mesmas condições. Os espectros gerados apresentam o mesmo comportamento, diferindo em até 12% nos valores encontrados para camadas semi-redutoras, coeficiente de homogeneidade e energia efetiva

Relação entre a disparidade de força entre membros inferiores e estabilidade postural em atletas de voleibol

Volleyball is a sport in which the laterality dominant limb shows superior strength and coordination because of its preferential use. Asymmetrical tendencies during the landing after the jump when striking or blocking actions are predominant for most part of game (ARRUDA; EDUARDO, 2008). Adaptations include imbalance of forces in static and dynamic motions at the knee joint, which increases risk for injury. Also, asymmetries in balance control during jumping and landing associate with a general postural instability that can be observed during static balance tasks. The purpose of this study was to investigate relationship between unequal lower limb strength (muscle imbalance) and postural stability levels in volleyball athletes and non-athletes. Nine female volleyball athletes and 10 active non-athletes participated in this study. Four encouters with participants were scheduled: three encounters in the bodybuilding gymnasium to collect anthropometric measures (weight, height for BMI, thigh circumference, which provided an initial diagnosis about asymmetry), and to perform the isometric strength test (i.e., leg press using a load cell and a force transducer to calculate uni an bilateral strength). The last encounter was in the laboratory where a balance test on a force platform was administered under five test conditions, with three repetitions each: baseline (natural standing position), one-leg standing, right side, with full vision (D_CV), and blindfolded (D_SV), one-leg standing, left side, with full vision (E_CV), and blindfolded (E_SV). The stability levels were evaluated using the path length parameters which was based on the total displacement of the center of pressure (DTCP). . Both groups shows asymmetric strength levels between legs, with better performance for the right leg. An ANOVA three way using the DTCP for the CV condition, legs (D x E), trials (3) with repeated measures for the first two factors and with a between (three)...

Auxílio na tomada de decisão na compra de uma máquina de usinagem a laser

Decision making is one of the most important factors for growth and future, both from a business, as in people's life and attitudes in the simplest of everyday day. This work aims to assist decision making in buying a laser cut machine, a manufacturer of auto parts and wheels, and later this technique can be considered to acquisition of other equipment. In this case was used the AHP to aid the decision by multiple criteria. First we analyzed the most important criteria of the current machine for the application of the method and were later made the application and sensitivity analysis

Estudo das interações entre proteína NS1 do hRSV e flavonóides utilizando métodos biofísicos

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Análise dos métodos de cálculo de golpe de ariete em tubulações

This work studies the most commonly used methods and make comparisons and discussions of the findings made by each of them and the results provided by them. The objective of this research was to show that the method of characteristics is currently the most efficient method to perform these simulations because of its broad scope low simplifications, requirement allowing to consider every detail of the pipe and fluid. Manual calculations are performed and also a software capable of calculating this phenomenon for various situations, such as water pump, elevated tanks, valves and quick maneuver was developed. The software is based on the method of characteristics that is currently recommended by ABNT. These methods, and the results are obtained numerically and graphically are adopted pipes and amount of downstream conditions and in which will be applied. The conclusions reached showed that the Allievi method is widely used yet because of its efficiency and quick calculation for simple pipes. The method of characteristics, although a lot of work to be calculated due to the calculation is iterative process and requires a program to use it, is the only one that allows the calculation with all amount to the conditions situations and downstream of all the pipe possibilities found

Efeito de diferentes antibióticos no processo de reparo em reimplante de dentes mantidos em leite: estudo em ratos

Pós-graduação em Odontologia - FOA

Desenvolvimento de um simulador virtual de vazamento para testar correlacionadores acústicos comerciais

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEIS

Comportamento do IDEB nos municípios paulistas da região de Barretos e região central: algumas discussões para responsabilização e comprometimento

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Identificação de forças de excitação em sistemas rotativos utilizando funções ortogonais

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEIS

Análise da técnica dos estilos Crawl e Costas em praticantes de natação

The aim of this study was to analyze and evaluate the performance of swimmers tied to the Extension Project Natação na UNESP at distances of 25m, 50m, 75m and 100m. The study included 20 people, including 12 men and 8 women. From an aerial footage was possible to record the tests proposed by the analysis of videos of, Freestyleand Backstroke styles for stroke cycles, average speed, stroke frequency and time proof stretches of 0-25m, 25-50m, 50-75m e 75-100m. Thus, it was possible to calculate stroke length, frequency, average speed as proposed in the study of Maglischo (1999). From these data were applied to descriptive statistics with mean and standard deviation, minimum and maximum scores in the different parameters of analysis and statistical tests, t-test and correlation to make comparisons between styles and between the distances swims by the subjects. Regarding the performance of the participants in the eight proposed tests, it can be said that most have already mastered the styles Crawl and Back Crawl for having managed to finish the tests proposed. However, the results of the variables analyzed mainly by the total time obtained in the tests can classify the subjects in the initial phase of learning and to start the training will be necessary to improve the implementation of styles

Analise das emissões de CO2 e de energia - simulação com novas tecnologias siderúrgicas

The process of steel production emits a large quantity of greenhouse gases, specifically carbon dioxide (CO2), and the reduction of such emissions is one of the main challenges for the industry in the 21st. Century. To quantify these emissions, the Worldsteel Association (association of the 170 large steel manufacturers of the world) published a methodology (CO2 Emission Data Collection) for calculation and comparison of CO2 emissions among its members. After that, in 2010, this methodology became an ISO (International Organization for Standardization) norm. Today, the calculation of the CO2 emissions in steel making companies follow the ISO 14404-1 for units with blast furnaces and the ISO 14404-2 for units with electric furnaces. In the last years, new technologies were and continue to be developed for the steel making sector aiming at energetic improvements and greenhouse gas reductions (mainly CO2) by the several processes involved in the production of steel. This work had the objective of producing a tool to calculate the CO2 emissions for the steel making sector. An Excel spreadsheet was developed to calculate the emission intensities of CO2 of a steel plant, the Usina Presidente Vargas, of the Companhia Siderúrgica Nacional (CSN). The spreadsheet furnishes results of CO2 emissions and energetic fluxes, and simulates the benefits that some of the new technologies can give to the company. The spreadsheet calculates the emissions in two ways: a) based on the carbon fluxes that enter the unit, and b) based on the emissions of each specific process within the unit (coking, sinterization, blast furnace, among others)

Diretrizes básicas para projetos de vasos de pressão segundo a ASME Trabalho

In this work it was made analysis of a simple pressure vessel, using the analytical development studied in Mechanics of Materials disciplines, and then using the standard required by ASME. Following the simulation was realized using Autodesk Mechanical Simulation software to calculate the principal stresses in a pressure vessel. The simulation was done in a single vessel without nozzles, compared with the analytic calculation. After that, the simulation of another fictitious pressure vessel was done by adding three nozzles to verify the influence of the nozzles in the principal stresses and compared with the analytical results. After the simulation, it was found that the principal are bigger in the pressure vessel with nozzles, but they decrease at a small distance from the nozzle becoming equal to the stresses in the vessel without nozzles. The analytical results calculated according to the ASME agree with simulated results

Projeto mecânico de um redutor de engrenagens sem-fim numa esteira transportadora inclinada

This work aims to present the design and development of a speed reducer worm gear that will be implemented on an inclined treadmill that aims to raise the load below the top floor. The project start was made with research on issues related to mechanisms and machine elements, and these theories of fundamental importance in the development of device components, along with the help of SolidWorks software that was used to model the main parts of the project and Microsoft Office Excel 2007 was used to alight formulas to perform calculations of the project. All data for calculations were taken from the conditions of the problem to be solved in the best possible way the proposed problem (lifting load from the belt). Following the entire sequence of design gearbox assembly, beginning in pre-sizing and endless selection of electric motor, which consists of an iterative project, then scaling the worm gear and crown, shafts, splines, calculation and bearing selection

Desenvolvimento de uma ferramenta paramétrica em linguagem APDL para o cálculo da estrutura de um pórtico rolante

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEG