262 resultados para Fibrose hepática
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FCAV
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FCAV
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Peripartum or Transition Period is, generally, defined as the period between three weeks pre-calving and three weeks after calving. It is a critical and crucial stage to the cow’s health and to economic profitability during the lactation. During this phase the cows experience several changes that prepare them to calve and milk yield. These changes contribute to metabolic disorders’ incidence, and can lead to reproductive function and milk yield reduction, and increase the herd’s disposal. This paper aimed to review the peripartum metabolic diseases, which includes Ketosis, Hypocalcemia, Hepatic Steatosis, Ruminal Acidosis and Lameness
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Silicosis, a common type of pneumoconiosis, is an occupational lung disease caused by inhalation of silica dust often with mining activity and thus reaches the miners. The fine and ultrafine silica particles deposited in the alveolar epithelium may lead to the development of progressive massive fibrosis. An increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production has been proposed to explain the mechanism for induction of pulmonary fibrosis in silicosis. In this situation, alveolar macrophages are activated to phagocytes silica particles deposited in the alveoli. The activated macrophages secrete large amounts of ROS that in turn induce synthesis of fibrotic factors. In addition, the activity of antioxidant enzymes is impaired, which results in increased lipid peroxidation, as well as generating a local inflammatory process. Diffuse pulmonary fibrosis progresses with interstitial collagen deposition. Interstitial collagen overlies small pulmonary arteries and arterioles and thus it is associated with pulmonary hypertension in pulmonary fibrotic diseases. In addition, cytokines and silica particles passing through the respiratory membrane can reach the bloodstream. In this context, the increase in the generation of ROS in the circulation may lead to a reduction in the bioavailability of nitric oxide, an important endothelium-derived relaxing factor. A deficiency in the nitric oxide bioavailability can result in vascular endothelial dysfunction. Moreover, pro-inflammatory cytokines could contribute to the impairment of endothelial function. In the airways, pro-inflammatory cytokines can reduce the smooth muscle responsiveness to β- adrenergic agonists as isoproterenol. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of silica dust instillation in the function of the pulmonary artery, aorta and trachea of rats with acute silicosis. For this purpose, male Wistar rats were anesthetized... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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A Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida (AIDS) é uma doença causada pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV) e acomete milhões de indivíduos pelo mundo todo. Para seu tratamento, utilizam-se antirretrovirais em associação ou isoladamente, e um dos mais utilizados é a zidovudina, 3’-azido-3’-desoxitimidina (AZT). Porém, sua baixa biodisponibilidade causada pela elevada taxa de metabolização hepática e baixa capacidade de permeação através das membranas biológicas, resulta na necessidade de administração de elevadas doses do fármaco, várias vezes ao dia, o que acaba gerando níveis plasmáticos tóxicos e, consequentemente, efeitos colaterais graves e desconforto ao paciente. Sendo assim existe a necessidade de uma otimização das formulações orais contendo AZT. Os sistemas de liberação de fármacos com propriedades mucoadesivas podem ser uma alternativa para melhorar as propriedades biofarmacêuticas, pois permitem o contato íntimo do fármaco com a mucosa intestinal e por um tempo prolongado, o que pode melhorar a biodisponibilidade de determinados fármacos, como o AZT. As dispersões sólidas (DS) são um tipo de sistema de liberação de fármaco que visam melhorar a biodisponibilidade de fármacos com baixa biodisponibilidade. Para desenvolvimento destes sistemas, vários materiais poliméricos podem ser utilizados, dentre eles o ftalato de hidroxipropil metilcelulose (HPMCP), com propriedade gastrorresistentes e mucoadesiva e o glicolato sódico de amido (GSA), que é um polímero intumescível e mucoadesivo. No desenvolvimento do trabalho as dispersões foram preparadas a partir da técnica de evaporação do solvente, contendo AZT, GSA e HPMCP nas proporções 1:5:7,5, 1:5:10 e 1:5:15, respectivamente, sendo obtidas com êxito a partir da técnica escolhida. A análise granulométrica e as fotomicrografias das amostras demonstraram uma redução no tamanho das partículas. A análise da mucoadesão ...
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Cholangiohepatitis is a common hepatic disorder in cats that is second only to hepatic lipidosis in frequency. The cholangitis-cholangiohepatitis complex is known as the diseases that involve the biliar tract inflammation and may extend to the liver. The classification of the cholangiohepatitis is still controversial, in this present study the following classification was used: Acute Cholangiohepatitis, Chronic Cholangiohepatitis, Lymphocitic Cholangitis. The cholangiohepatitis may be associated with pancreatitis and inflammatory bowel disease, this association is known as feline triaditis. The diagnosis is based on the clinical signs, alterations in laboratory exams and ultrasonography alterations, but the definitive diagnosis is only possible through liver biopsy. The treatment for each type of cholangiohepatitis differs, hence the importance of the right diagnosis. This study aimed to do a review over the ethiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment for this disease
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The platinosomiase is a disease the hepatobiliary system of domestic felines being caused by trematode Platynosomum fastosum. The life cycle of the parasite includes the presence of three intermediate hosts (snails, terrestrial isopodes, lizards or frogs). The cat is considered definitive host of the parasite and acquires the infection eating a vertebrate intermediate host containing metacercariae. The adult parasites generally inhabit the liver, gallbladder and bile ducts of cats. The severity of clinical manifestations depends mainly on the number of flukes in the biliary tract. Many animals are asymptomatic or exhibit nonspecific clinical manifestations such as anorexia, lethargy, weight loss, vomiting and diarrhea. In large infestations can occur biliary obstruction resulting in jaundice, cirrhosis, hepatitis cholangiohepatitis and even death. The definitive diagnosis is accomplished through by the detection of fluke eggs in feces or through laparotomy and liver biopsy. Treatment should be based on the use of anthelmintic for the elimination of the parasite and supportive therapy for the animal. Prevention is difficult due to predatory nature of the cat. The control can be accomplished through periodic fecal examinations