Effects of Ocimum basilicum Linn Essential Oil and Sodium Hexametaphosphate on the Shelf Life of Fresh Chicken Sausage

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Avaliação da qualidade microbiológica de um composto produzido a partir de resíduos animais e vegetais

Pós-graduação em Microbiologia Agropecuária - FCAV

Ozonizaçãoe peroxização de efluente sanitário proveniente de alagados construídos e reator compartimentado anaeróbio/aeróbio visando reuso

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Ti/TiO2 nanotubes enhance Mycobacterium fortuitum, Mycobacterium chelonae and Mycobacterium abscessus inactivation in water

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Microbiological quality of whole and filleted shelf-tilapia

Despite fish being a rich source of animal nutrients and having numerous associated health benefits, it is an extremely perishable food, prone to a wide range of hazards. The bacterial load associated with shelf-whole-fish organs (e.g. digestive tracts and skin) or mishandling of fish may be a vehicle of infection and become a risk to public health. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the microbiological quality of whole ungutted and filleted shelf-tilapia, as well as assess the safety for human consumption. For this purpose, in order to investigate the distribution and occurrence of bacterial populations, the count of total and thermotolerant coliforms, coagulase-positive Staphylococcus and presence of Salmonella spp. was determined. This paper shows that all fish organs were contaminated with thermotolerant coliform. Skin and fillet show higher populations and occurrence of all microorganisms analyzed. Lower bacterial populations were recovered from the gut and muscles of whole tilapia. Two samples of fillet were contaminated with coagulase-positive Staphylococcus. It can be concluded that the skin and filleted tilapia are important carriers of food-borne pathogens. In addition, fish might become an important cross and self-contamination source. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Study of constructed wetlands effluent disinfected with ozone

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Trimming and washing poultry carcass to reduce microbial contamination: A comparative study

The objective of this study was to compare the efficiency of washing and trimming broiler carcasses to reduce bacterial contamination. At the poste-visceration site, 100 broiler carcasses were collected during 4 visits to a slaughterhouse in Santa Catarina State, Brazil. Birds were from the same flock, age, and approximately 2.4 kg of weight. Groups were as follows: group 1, with fecal contamination; group 2, without fecal contamination; group 3, with fecal contamination and trimmed; group 4, with fecal contamination and washed; group 5, with fecal contamination, and washed and trimmed. Carcass washings were performed with at least 1.5 L/bird of potable water (0.5 to 1 mg/kg of residual chlorine) at room temperature (20-25 degrees C) using spray cabinets with 44 spray nozzles distributed into 2 chambers (pressure of 2 kgf/cm(2) and 4 kgf/cm(2)). Washed carcasses (trimmed or not) showed significantly (P < 0.05) lower counts of aerobic mesophiles (plate count agar) on the third evaluation, and even lower (P < 0.01) counts for total coliforms (CT) and fecal coliforms (Escherichia coli). Trimmed carcasses showed significantly lower counts (P < 0.05) for plate count agar; however, we observed higher counts for E. coli (P < 0.05). The association of both treatments (washing and trimming) showed significantly higher (P < 0.05) counts for coliforms (CT and E. coli). We can conclude that the washing method is overall more efficient than the trimming method to decontaminate chicken carcasses at the postevisceration site. Hopefully, our findings can help poultry companies to minimize production costs by applying the washing method for carcass decontamination.

Differential environmental impacts on small and medium size rivers from center of São Paulo State, Brazil, and regional management perspectives

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Estudo da qualidade da água distribuída pelo poço artesiano da FEG em relação à água servida pelo abastecimento público de Guaratinguetá

We conducted a study of the quality of water distributed by Artesian Well in relation to water supply served by the public for purposes of human consumption of UNESP Campus Guaratinguetá. Two sections of the network were randomly chosen and monitored for 105 days: the stretch of the pipeline started off the Water Treatment Station of the Autonomous Service of Water, Sewage and waste in the Municipality of Guaratinguetá and ended in a point consumption of the Child Family Center, while the section B began at the output of an artesian well and finished in a point of consumption of the Department of Civil Engineering. It is the deterioration of water quality in parts A and B, through comparative analysis of Bicarbonates, Total Hardness, Total Iron, free residual chlorine, pH, Total Residual, Turbidity, Conductivity, Color, Fecal Coliforms and Total Coliforms. Among the observations that can be highlighted: the Total Hardness was found in highest concentration in the extract; for Total Iron significant variations were obtained for both parts, and reduction of this parameter in two points of consumption analyzed, not the expected increase concentration, because the contact of water along the pipe, the CRL showed significant depletion to section A, which can be related to impurities in the water, the presence of biofilm on the walls of pipes, or because this is the stretch of greater extent to be covered by water for pH, this indicated that the water is alkaline and slightly acidic stretch in section B; Turbidity was found for the higher concentration to the passage, and a considerable reduction of this parameter at point consumption due to deposition of particulate matter along the stretch, the conductivity also showed a higher concentration in the extract, as well as an increase in this parameter at the point of consumption. Upon leaving ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Uso de sistemas construídos de áreas alagadas (Constructed Wetland System - CWS) para tratamento de efluentes

A large proportion of fresh water is greatly impaired due to increasing pollution; this could be minimized through the expansion of investment in sanitation programs. But the major problem faced by third world countries and developing ones in this respect, is the high cost of projects and their implementation. In an attempt to find a simple technology, efficient and inexpensive, this study aimed to verify the effectiveness of using constructed wetland systems (CWS) for removal of bacteria and nutrients from sanitary sewer effluent from the STS Piracicamirim - Piracicaba - SP. The installation of prototypes was followed, and testing prior to regularize the flow held, but due to malfunction of these and outages of the STS activity can not evaluate the effectiveness of both as to the parameters proposed: temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, total dissolved solids (TDS), nitrite, nitrate, ammonia, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, chemical oxygen demand (COD), sulfide, sulfate, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), total coliform and Escherichia coli. To establish results about the effectiveness of these types if the system were conducted literature reviews of papers published with the same theme. Analysis of these results showed fairly good efficiencies in wastewater treatment, especially for nutrients and coliforms

Análise da qualidade microbiológica em leite pasteurizado, tipo C, recém pasteurizado e na data de validade

The conservation of raw milk for long periods of time under refrigeration can result in the lost of its quality. This happens because bacterias, capable of developing in low temperatures, as psichrotrophics, in milk, associates with its enzymatic activities, are capable to degradate it. Although the pasteurization of milk sufficiently diminishes the transmission of the illnesses, that generally eliminates such microorganisms, is not a total efficient process because many enzymes produced for such bacterias are termostable, being able to resist the treatment and to remain active, leading to the loss of the quality of milk and its derivatives. The Normative Instruction 51 of 2002 established that milk must be cooled and stored in the production property, what resulted increasing the incidence of such bacteria in population destined milk. In some parts of the world contaminated milk is causing serious risks to the health of the population, assuming great importance in Public Health, mainly in relation to the hygienic-sanitary conditions of the product. ANVISA establishes, thus, maximum bacteriological concentration that must be evidenced before commercializing the product, guaranteeing the quality of milk as proper for consumption. Based on these aspects, the objective of this work is the microbiological analysis of 30 milk samples type C, collected in bakeries of the city Botucatu, in the state of São Paulo. Analysis were made to determinate the most likely number of termotolerants coliforms, as well the number of colony units of psichrotrophics bacterias, the presence of Salmonella and the enumeration of positive Staphylococcus aureus, at the moment of purchase and validity of the products

Estudo da qualidade da água do Ribeirão Guaratinguetá

This paper conducts to water quality study of Stream Guaratinguetá from its source to its confluence with the River Paraiba, through the analysis of some physical, chemical and biological parameters. All tests were performed according to Standard Methods for Examination of Water and Wastewater 20th edition and compared to the CONAMA Resolution No. 357 (2005). Coliforms was the most critical parameter found in samples. The results lead to the conclusion that the biggest problem of water quality in the stream in study is the aquatic rice (rice field) and the launch “fresh” sewage

Análise higiênico-sanitária de produtos cárneos comercializados na cidade de Botucatu

Brazil is one of the largest producers of animal protein. In 2010, the production of meat (beef, pork and poultry) was estimated at 24.5 million tons and 75% was consumed in the country. The meat is a primary source of water and fat and contains between 20% and 35% protein, providing all essential amino acids and several micronutrients and vitamins. Due to the large consumption of this food, its quality is extremely important and the research of some indicators microorganism become essential in order to ensure the hygienic and sanitary quality, indicating contamination of fecal origin, with the possible presence of pathogens or to identify food spoilage. Thus, the aim of study was to determine the microbiological quality of 90 samples handled meat products and pre- prepared marketed in Botucatu city, according to the parameters required by ANVISA (RDC  12, 2001). Among the samples analyzed, all of them were negative for Staphylococcus coagulase positive and were within the limit allowed by ANVISA for the Clostridium sulfite reducer (up to 3 x 103 CFU/ g). The presence of Salmonella was confirmed in only one sample (1.1%), against to the legal parameters. About thermotolerant coliforms, 54.4% of the samples were outside the acceptable limit by law (up to 5 x 103 MPN/g). Therefore, the presence of these microorganisms indicates inadequate hygiene conditions of foodhandlers and equipment used in the, which are considered inadequate for consumption

Campylobacter sp como perigo biológico na produção de peito de frango maturado

Pós-graduação em Microbiologia Agropecuária - FCAV

Variação temporal e espacial da taxa de sedimentação e das características limnológicas na microbacia do córrego da Barrinha, no município de Pirassununga, SP

Studies regarding the quality and quantity of water have become more and more important because of the increasing negative environmental impacts occurred and their scarcity increase as well. At the Center of Tropical Fish Research (Centro de Pesquisas de Peixes Tropicais - CEPTAlIBAMA) located in the city of Pirassununga, SP, there is a dam named Represa Velha which supplies 128 tanks that are fish hatcheries. This dam takes in part of the Barrinha stream micro-basin where it has been observed strong impacts due to the deforestation of its support forest, as well an the intensive agricultural activities in the neighboring areas. There has been established and distributed 13 points of water-collectors disposed inside the stream and the dam. The water samples were taken from the stream only from its surface because of the low depth and, inside. In the dam, the water samples were taken at the water column, at a 50cm distance over the sediment. In every point of collection inside the dam, it was placed a chamber of sedimentation, vertically in the water column at a 70% height from the total depth. The collections took place during the dry/cold and raining/warm periods of the years 2000 and 2001. Then, it were analyzed the physical, physical-chemical, chemical and micro-biological parameters of the water samples. The obtained results were statistically analyzed throughout the SAS system (Statistical Analisys System). Parameters such as total phosphate, nitrate, nitrite and turbidity were within the established limits for the Class 2 water, according to the n° 20/1986 CONAMA Resolução. However, the total and Escherichia coli coliforms, mainly inside the Barrinha stream, had showed values above of the established limits for the same... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)