Feeding, body condition and reproductive investment of Astyanax intermedius (Characiformes, Characidae) in relation to rainfall and temperature in a Brazilian Atlantic Forest stream

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Age- and gender-related changes in glucose homeostasis in glucocorticoid-treated rats

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Model to estimate lysine requirements of broilers

The purpose of this study is to describe the development of a model to predict the digestible lysine requirements of broilers using the factorial approach, and to evaluate the model using as reference the model presented in Brazilian Tables for Poultry and Swine. The model partitions the requirement for maintenance and growth for feather-free body protein and feather protein, in which the inputs are body and feather protein weight and the daily rates of protein deposition in the feather-free body and feathers. The parameters that express the lysine requirement for maintenance were obtained in metabolism trials with roosters, and those for the efficiency of lysine utilization in experiments with broilers from 1 to 42 d. Based on these results the model proposed was: Lys (mg/d) = [(151xBP(m)(-0.27)xBP(t)) + (0.01xP(t)x18)] + [(75xBPD/0.77) + (18xFPD/0.77)], where Lys = digestible lysine requirement (mg/d), BPm=body protein weight at maturity (kg), BPt=body protein weight at time t (kg), FPt=feather protein weight at time t (kg), BPD=body protein deposition (g/d), FPD = feather protein deposition (g/d). The model yields sensible predictions of the digestible lysine requirements of broilers of different strains and ages growing at their potential, and suggests a lower lysine requirement after 27 d than does the Brazilian model. The proposed model is the first step in the development of a simulation model that predicts the food intake of a broiler and hence the dietary amino acid content that would optimise performance.

Efeitos da privação de água sobre padrões de ingestão de alimentos e aspectos da morfologia renal em três espécies de roedores

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Avaliação preliminar dos efeitos de Brassica campestris sobre a obesidade induzida por dieta hipercalórica

Obesity along with overweight has been considered one of the most serious public health problems in the world, especially because they are the main risk factors for many chronic diseases such as coronary heart disease, type II diabetes mellitus, hypertension and some types of tumors, which are associated with high mortality rates. The use of functional foods and appropriate diets to promote health has grown as a mechanism for prevention, control and treatment of chronic diseases such as obesity. Several ethnopharmacological studies indicate plants species for the treatment of disorders associated with obesity with a major attraction of this regimen is perceived as safer and more effective for health than the traditional treatment with appetite suppressants. Whereas both food intake and the oral treatment with different compounds can cause changes in gene expression and that a proper diet has been valuable as a mechanism for maintaining the body's vital functions, the objective of this project was to evaluate the effects of standardized extract of Brassica campestris L. in the decrease in weight and food intake control. In vivo trials of this product were conducted and studies of its effects on energy metabolism in non-obese mice and with obesity induced by hypercaloric diet. After induction of obesity by 8 weeks, animals were treated for 21 days with the extract orally. After 21 days the animals were killed and the effects of this product were evaluated on the daily feed intake and on body weight. According to the results obtained, the extract of Brassica campestris was not effective in reducing body weight of obese animals, and did not reduce food intake

Nutrição e nutrição parenteral no animal hospitalizado

The beneficial effects derived from the nutritional support in human patients and experimental animal models include the improvement of immune function, repair of wounds, answer to the treatment, time of recovery and survival. In front of these benefits, we end up alienating the nutritional needs of hospitalized patients, especially those with clinical or surgical affections threatening. The objective of the nutritional support is to indicate the importancea and the proportions of energy and nutrients that the patient can use with the maximum effectiveness. The majority of hospitalized patients do not have voluntary food intake adequate to meet even the minimal nutritional needs. It is often perceived that lack of adequate food intake, will have serious impact on the patient’s clinical outcome. The nutritional assessment will help determine which route of feeding will be the safest, most effective and best tolerated by the patient. Diet choice is based on which of the patient’s problems can and should be addressed with nutrition and the feeding access available

Avaliação preliminar do efeito da Physalis angulata L. sobre a obesidade induzida por dieta hipercalórica

The obesity has been considered one of the most serious public health problem in the worldwide scale, especially for being one of the main risk factors for many chronic diseases that characterize the metabolic syndrome. In addition to these diseases, obesity also causes dermatoses that affect not only the individual emotions but also cause various cutaneous infections. Thus, overweighting can be an agent that causes many types of stress: psychological, physical and social. In order to improve people’s life quality, several ethnopharmacological studies indicate plant species for the treatment of disorders associated with obesity due to the attraction of this regimen is perceived as safer and more health effective when compared to the treatment performed by traditional anorectic substances. If considered both food intake and also oral treatment with different compounds can promote change in the gene expression, besides an appropriate diet has been maintenance mechanism of body's vital functions. The aim of this work was to develop new standard methods for induced obesity and stress, which stress is induced through physical and psychogenic stressors in Swiss male mice. Also to evaluate the effect of supercritical extract of Physalis angulata L. on the food intake and corporeal weight loss

Avaliação preliminar dos efeitos de Bidens pilosa L. sobre a obesidade induzida por dieta hipercalórica

The obesity along with overweight has been considered one of the most serious public health problems in the world, especially because they are the main risk factors for many chronic diseases such as coronary heart disease, diabetes mellitus, hypertension and some types of tumors, which are associated with high mortality rates. The use of functional foods and appropriate diets to promote health has grown as a prevention mechanism. Previous studies suggested Bidens pilosa L. for the treatment of disorders associated with obesity, with one important attraction of this regiment is perceived as safer and more effective health than the traditional anorexigen .The aim of this project is to standardize a new model of obesity induced by hipercaloric diet in Swiss mice, and also to evaluate the effect of Bidens pilosa L. extract in the reduction of food intake, weight and toxicity. After induction of obesity, the animals were treated for 21 days with the extract. Then the animals were killed and samples were collected for further analysis. Preliminary, the effect of this product has being evaluated on the daily food intake and body weight. In dose of 100mg/Kg, there were no significant changes in food intake and body weight. Thus, this concentration of Bidens pilosa was not effective in reducing body weight of obese animals, and did not reduce food intake

Efeitos da ingestão aguda do suco de laranja na resposta glicêmica e insulínica, níveis séricos de leptina e adiponectina, consumo energético e atividade antioxidante

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Condição corporal e jejum sobre o metabolismo energético e crescimento de juvenis de pacu

Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FCAV

Atividade de fosfomonohidrolases presentes em fígado de girino de rã-touro (Lithobates catesbeianus) durante a metamorfose

Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia - IQ

Control of respiratory and cardiovascular functions by leptin

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

The response to dietary threonine in laying-type pullets during growth

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Distribution of melanin-concentrating hormone neurons projecting to the medial mammillary nucleus

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Estudo comparativo entre cinco diferentes tratamentos sobre as alterações clínicas e laboratoriais do rato diabético induzido pela aloxana

The long-term effects of five different treatments of diabetes were evaluated in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Seven experimental groups, with 50 rats each (GN--normal control; GD--untreated diabetic control; GI, GA, GIA--treated groups with insulin, acarbose, and insulin plus acarbose, respectively; GTIL, GTPD--treated groups with islet of Langerhans and pancreas transplantation) were studied. Clinical (body weight, water intake, food intake and urine output) and laboratory (blood and urinary glucose, and plasma insulin) parameters were analyzed at the beginning of the study, and after 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months of follow-up. Mortality was observed in all groups, except GN, during 12 months (GD = 50%; GI = 20%; GA = 26%; GIA = 18%; GTIL = 4%; GTPD = 20%). Rats from the GD, GI, and GIA groups died due to metabolic or hydrossaline disbalance, and/or pneumonia, diarrhoea, and cachexy. All deaths observed in GTIL and GTPD groups were in decorrence of technical failure at the immediate postoperative, until 72h. Animals from the GI, GA and GIA had significative improving of the clinical and laboratory parameters (p < 0,05) observed in diabetic rats, being the efficacy of theses treatments equal. However, rats from the GTIL and GTPD groups had better control of these parameters than GI, GA, and GIA groups. Transplanted rats had complete restoration, at the normal levels, of all analyzed variables (p < 0.01). Conventional treatments with insulin, acarbose, and insulin plus acarbose improved the severe diabetic state of the alloxan-diabetic rats, but pancreas and islet transplantation have a better performance for treatment of diabetes.