Aditivos fitogênicos na dieta de frangos de corte: desempenho, qualidade de carne e estabilidade oxidativa da carne e sangue

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

A magnetically drivable nanovehicle for curcumin with antioxidant capacity and MRI relaxation properties

Curcumin possesses wide-ranging anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties and its biological activity can be linked to its potent antioxidant capacity. Superparamagnetic maghemite (gamma-Fe2O3), called surface-active maghemite nanoparticles (SAMNs) were surface-modified with curcumin molecules, due to the presence of under-coordinated Fe-III atoms on the nanoparticle surface. The so-obtained curcumin-modified SAMNs (SAMN@curcumin) had a mean size of 13 +/- 4 nm. SAMN@curcumin was characterized by transmission and scanning electron microscopy, UV/Vis, FTIR, and Mossbauer spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, bulk susceptibility (SQUID), and relaxometry measurements (MRI imaging). The high negative contrast proclivity of SAMN@curcumin to act as potential contrast agent in MRI screenings was also tested. Moreover, the redox properties of bound curcumin were probed by electrochemistry. SAMN@curcumin was studied in the presence of different electroactive molecules, namely hydroquinone, NADH and ferrocyanide, to assess its redox behavior. Finally, SAMN@curcumin was electrochemically probed in the presence of hydrogen peroxide, demonstrating the stability and reactivity of bound curcumin.

Evaluation of solvent effect on the extraction of phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacities from the berries: application of principal component analysis

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Cardiac Energy Metabolism and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Diabetic Rat Treated with Resveratrol

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Effect of hydrogen peroxide on thawed ovine sperm motility

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Oocyte maturation in bitches

The canine species has been used as an experimental model for preservation of endangered species. Biotechnologies of reproduction, such as in vitro maturation (IVM), have been used to meet this objective. Several protocols for in vitro embryo production (IVEP) in swine and bovine species have been adapted for canids. However, the highest rate reported for in vitro maturation in canids is only 39%, which is still lower than those in other species. Therefore, current research on assisted reproduction in canids have focused on several IVM protocols, including the addition of proteins, hormones, meiosis inhibitors, growth factors and antioxidants to the maturation media and the determination of suitable timing for culture, so that variables involved in the process can be fine-tuned. This review has the main objective of describing major developments and limitations in the process of oocyte maturation in bitches.

Aspectos Nutricionais na Doença Renal Crônica em Cães

It is understood by Chronic Renal Failure (CRF) or Stage IV Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) the morbid state in which there is a substantial and irreversible loss of functional capacity, metabolic and endocrine function in both kidneys, leading to a framework of dehydration, azotemia, electrolyte imbalance, anemia, uremic syndrome, secondary hyperparathyroidism, among other conditions that make the patient's life without treatment unfeasible. An adequate nutritional support to patients with CKD at any stage aims to maintain a good clinical condition and an attempt to delay the progression of the disease. The basis of a diet for patients with CKD is the restriction in this protein being of high biological value, low-phosphorus, high energy density, fiber and antioxidants combined with a good dietary practices that allow the patient a good quality of life

Avaliação da atividade anti-inflamatória intestinal do extrato das folhas jovens de Triticum aestivum L. obtido por cultivo em Casa de Vegetação: subtitulo

O uso disseminado do suco de folhas jovens de trigo (Triticum aestivum L.) para diversos fins terapêuticos foi proposto por Dra. Ann Wigmore há mais de 40 anos nos Estados Unidos e popularizado de tal forma que é utilizado para o tratamento alternativo de doenças autoimunes e gastrointestinais, dentre outras. Baseado nessas informações populares, o presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a composição química e a atividade anti-inflamatória intestinal do extrato aquoso de folhas jovens de trigo na fase aguda do modelo experimental de doença inflamatória intestinal induzida por TNBS (ácido trinitrobenzenosulfônico) em ratos. Os animais foram tratados durante cinco dias antes da indução do processo inflamatório, sendo testadas as doses de 100, 50, 25 e 5 mg/Kg e azatioprina como droga de referência. Após 48 horas da indução do processo inflamatório, os animais foram mortos e seus cólons extraídos para a realização dos estudos macroscópicos e bioquímicos. Paralelamente foi realizado um estudo para a caracterização da composição química do extrato, através de testes para a determinação das principais classes de substâncias presentes, bem como o doseamento de compostos fenólicos e atividade sequestradora de radicais livres. O estudo demonstrou que o extrato aquoso de folhas jovens de trigo a 5 mg/Kg apresentou uma tendência em melhorar os parâmetros macroscópicos e bioquímicos avaliados, porém sem diferenças estatísticas. A caracterização fitoquímica do extrato mostrou que o suco de trigo é uma fonte importante de compostos antioxidantes, os quais podem estar relacionados com a melhora no processo inflamatório colônico

Avaliação do potencial de carreadores lipídicos nanoestruturados para a administração cutânea de trans-resveratrol

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Efeito da suplementação de erva mate (Ilex paraguariensis) sobre a capacidade antioxidante total em atletas futebolistas em teste exaustivo em esteira

Introduction: Physical exercise are related to high oxygen consumption, leading to increase on reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and subsequent oxidative stress. Concomitantly, physical training can improve the antioxidant defense systems, reducing the deleterious activity of ROS. The yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis) has several bioactive compounds in its composition, providing important antioxidant activity in improving defense systems and reducing the damage caused by ROS. Few studies related to yerba mate with antioxidant effects during exercise. Objective: Evaluate whether the consumption-based drink yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis) is able to increase the total antioxidant performance (TAP) after an exhaustive test on a treadmill. Methods: The sample counted with 15 female soccers players from Botucatu-SP female soccer team with a mean age of 22.1 ± 4.2 years. For laboratory tests , it was evaluated: triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and fractions, glucose and gamma-GT were dosed by dry chemistry (Vitros® System, Johnson & Johnson). LDL-cholesterol was obtained by Friedwald formula. Total antioxidant performance (TAP) was obtained by the method of fluorescence assay for the measurement of plasma. Weight, height and body mass index (IMC) were measured, percentage of body fat was obtained by bioeletrical impedance analysis (Biodinâmics, modelo 450, USA). Arterial blood pressure was checked by auscultatory method and cardiorespiratory fitness was determined by ergoespirometric test (Ramp Protocol). Maltodextrin was supplemented (30 g in 400 ml) 30 minutes after M0 with placebo (400 ml) or mate (5 g in 400 ml of water). Statistical analysis: ANOVA for repeated measures followed by Tukey's test set, p<0.05. Results: There was a decrease in the pH after exhaustive testing for water and tea (p<0.0001), the same was observed for bicarbonate (p<0.0001). In both groups pO₂ increased for ...

Estudo da oxidação da melatonina e de seus produtos por radicais peroxila

Melatonin is an endoleamine that has anti-inflammatory, immunomodulating and antioxidants properties. But there is a contradiction between the antioxidant effects of melatonin and glutathione (GSH). Therefore, the main objective of this work was to study the effect of melatonin on the oxidation of GSH and the effect of GSH on the oxidation of melatonin by peroxyl radicals generated by thermolysis of 2,2 -Azobis(2- amino-propane)-dihydrochloride (AAPH). The influence of the reaction conditions and the identity of the products of oxidation were also studied. The main products obtained during the oxidation of melatonin were its monohydroxylated derivative and N1-acetyl- N2-formyl-5-methoxykynuramine (AFMK), which is the product obtained by oxidative cleavage of the melatonin indole ring. By studying the buffer type, pH and the presence or absence of dissolved oxygen in the reaction system, it was observed that, the yield of AFMK was higher when the pH or the concentration of oxygen was increased. Comparing the reactivity of both molecules GSH and melatonin, it can be seen that intermediates radicals generated during the oxidation of melatonin are able to oxidize GSH itself. We propose that this chemical property could justify the recent reports that demonstrated the inability of melatonin to inhibit the oxidation of GSH in cells

Efeito da ingestão aguda do suco de laranja sobre o estresse oxidativo em indivíduos eutróficos e com excesso de peso

Estudos clínicos e experimentais têm mostrado que o suco de laranja apresenta propriedades antioxidantes que estão associadas com a redução do risco para doenças cardiovasculares e alguns tipos de câncer. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar o efeito antioxidante e anti-peroxidação lipídica após a ingestão aguda dos sucos de laranja fresco, pasteurizado e da bebida controle no soro sanguíneo de voluntários eutróficos e com excesso de peso. A avaliação da capacidade antioxidante no soro sanguíneo foi feita pelo método ABTS e a peroxidação lipídica, pela presença de substâncias reativas ao ácido tiobarbitúrico (TBARS). Os voluntários ingeriram a quantidade de 5mL/kg de peso corporal de suco fresco, pasteurizado e da bebida controle. Após o período experimental foi observado um aumento do teor de substâncias antioxidantes (ABTS) e uma redução da peroxidação lipídica (TBARS) no soro, mostrando que os sucos de laranja, fresco e pasteurizado, tiveram efeito protetor contra o estresse oxidativo, sugerindo que o processamento dos sucos não comprometeu os compostos com atividade anti-oxidativa e anti-peroxidação lipídica responsáveis pela redução do estresse oxidativo. Além disso, não houve diferença nas variáveis analisadas (TBARS e ABTS) entre os indivíduos eutróficos e com excesso de peso. Concluiu-se que a ingestão aguda do suco de laranja fresco e pasteurizado promoveu um efeito protetor contra o estresse oxidativo em indivíduos eutróficos e naqueles com excesso de peso.

Apocinina versus diapocinina como inibidor da produção de peróxido de hidrogênio e ácido hipocloroso por neutrófilos ativados

Apocynin has been used as an efficient inhibitor of the multi-enzymatic complex NADPH oxidase in many experimental models involving phagocytic and nonphagocytic cells. The mechanism of inhibition has been linked with the previous activation of apocynin through the action of cellular peroxidases leading to the formation of a dimeric oxidation product, diapocynin. In this study we compared apocynin with pure diapocynin regarding their effects as scavenger of hydrogen peroxide and hypochlorous generated by glucose/glucose oxidase and myeloperoxidase respectively, and as inhibitors of the production of hydrogen peroxide and hypochlorous acid by activated neutrophils. The production of hydrogen peroxide was measured by the oxidation of the fluorescent substance Amplex Red and the production of hypochlorous acid by was measured as taurine-chloramine derivative using the chromogenic substrate 3,3’,5,5’- tetramethylbenzidine (TMB). Neutrophils (1 x106 cells/mL) were pre-incubated in PBS buffer supplemented with 1 mM calcium chloride, 0.5 mM magnesium chloride, 1 mg/mL glucose and 5 mM taurine in the presence or absence of inhibitors. The reactions were triggered by adding the soluble stimulus Forbol Miristate Acetate PMA or zymosan and incubated by additional 30 minutes. We found that pure diapocynin was not better than apocynin regarding its scavenger and inhibitory properties. These results suggest that the formation of diapocynin is not essential for the action of apocynin as inhibitor of NADPH oxidase activation

Antioxidantes e biomarcadores da injúria oxidativa na saliva de pacientes com síndrome de down

Vulnerability of patients with Down syndrome (DS) to oxidative stress and damage has been attributed to the overexpression of the superoxide dismutase gene, which is located in the triplicated critical region 21q22.2 of chromosome 21. The objective of this study was to investigate enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems and levels of biomarkers of oxidative damage in saliva of patients with DS. Saliva samples were collected from 30 patients with DS and 30 controls, ranging in age from 14 to 24 years. The following parameters were analyzed: superoxide dismutase activity, concentration of malondialdehyde, carbonylated proteins, uric acid, vitamin C and total protein, peroxidase activity, and total antioxidant capacity. Patients with DS presented significantly higher superoxide dismutase activity and malondialdehyde levels than controls (p<0.05). On the other hand, no difference in carbonylated proteins or antioxidants (uric acid, vitamin C, peroxidase, and total antioxidant capacity) was observed between DS patients and controls (p>0.05). Patients with DS also presented higher salivary total protein content (p<0.05). In conclusion, despite similar antioxidant levels patients with DS are more vulnerable to oxidative stress in saliva as indicated by a significant increase in malondialdehyde concentration and superoxide dismutase activity

Avaliação da viabilidade e desenvolvimento in vitro de oócitos de gatas domésticas após vitrificação em meio suplementado com vitamina E

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FCAV