Visceral mast cell tumor in a captive black jaguar (Panthera onca)

Little is known about neoplasia in the jaguar (Panthera onca), the largest American feline. A captive black jaguar was diagnosed at necropsy with a mastocytic form of visceral mast cell tumor similar to that which occurs in domestic cats. This animal had no previous clinical disease and died during anesthesia for a routine dental treatment.

Surgical treatment of metachronous metastases in different organs following radical nephrectomy

Renal clear cell carcinoma (RCCC) is a neoplasia resistant to radio and chemotherapy, with surgical treatment being the procedure that is recognized for its curative treatment. This case report demonstrates the success of an aggressive surgical treatment for consecutive and late metachronous metastases following radical nephrectomy. Case report: Asymptomatic 50-year old man. During a routine examination, an incidental mass was found by renal ultrasonography. He underwent right radical nephrectomy due to RCCC in June 1992. During the follow-up metastases were evidenced in cerebellum on the seventh year, and in left lung and pancreas on the eighth year following the radical nephrectomy, with all of them successfully treated by surgical excision. Comments: The surgical excision of consecutive and late metachronous metastases in different organs arising from RCCC is feasible, being a good therapeutic alternative in selected cases.

Apoptose em otorrinolaringologia e cabeça e pescoço

This paper intend to review recent advances in our understanding of programmed cell death, or apoptosis, and discuss implications of these basic science advances in the development of causes and potential treatments of a variety of diseases of the head and neck. Conclusions: apoptosis is now understood to be important in the normal development and survival of all multicellular organism. Deregulation of this normally tighly controlled process underlies a variety of disease states, including neoplasia, autoimmune disease, and disorders of the central nervous system. A better understanding of this process and regulation may help otolaryngologists better understand diseases relevant to this specialty and will lead to improved therapeutic interventions.

Estudo retrospectivo de osteossarcoma primário dos ossos da pelve em cães em um período de 14 meses

The osteosarcoma (OSA) is one of the most common malignant tumors of dogs. Large and giant-breed dogs are affected and the mean age of these dogs is about 7 years. The tumor usually involves the metaphyses of long bones and the treatment is radical amputation and chemotherapy with cisplatin. The therapy of neoplasia located in pelvis is difficult and usually don't accept by owners. This report describes the incidence of primary osteosarcoma in pelvis of dogs, during a period of fourteen months. Of the eight animals taken care with this neoplasia, a bigger frequency in the dogs of the race Rottweiler and German Pastor was observed. Amongst the bones that compose animal's pelvis was observed greater osteosarcoma incidence in ileum (6 cases). Lameness, functional impotence of pelvic member and pain had been the main observed clinical signals. In seven cases was found advanced involvement osseous, mainly, for lyses of the cortical. All the animals had been submitted to the euthanasia for not presenting possibility of surgical treatment with safety margin. Also one was taken in consideration for this decision to the clinical condition of the patients, the possibilities to confer improvement in the quality of life of the dogs and the option of the owners' front to the prognostic.

Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2) location in the ventral, lateral, dorsal and anterior lobes of rat prostate by immunohistochemistry

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their tissue inhibitors (TIMPs) play a major role in extracellular matrix component degradation in several normal and abnormal tissue situations; they are also found in human seminal plasma. MMPs have been found in rat prostate secretions and are nearly lobe specific in expression pattern. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether TIMP-2, like other semen components, is expressed differently from different rat prostatic lobes. Immunohistochemical staining was performed in both young and adult rat ventral (VP), lateral (LP), dorsal (DP), and anterior (AP) prostatic lobes and confirmed by western blotting. TIMP-2 expression was found in the epithelial cells in the following sequence: LP > AP > DP > VP, in both young and adult rats. In this study, 100% of adult LP presented histological signs of prostatitis, where TIMP-2 immunostaining was positive in normal epithelium even with intraluminal neutrophils, but was reduced or absent in the epithelium with intraepithelial leukocytes or with periductal stroma disorganization associated with mononuclear cell infiltration. However, TIMP-2 expression in LP was not induced by prostatitis, since younger rat LPs were also strongly TIMP-2 positive. The distal and intermediate VP regions were TIMP-2 negative, but the proximal regions were strongly stained. Western blotting results confirmed the high TIMP-2 expression in the LP lobe. Thus, TIMP-2 is expressed differently between the prostatic lobes and is another nearly lobe-specific protein, which plays a role in the regulation of MMP activity in seminal plasma and glandular homeostasis. TIMP-2 is also another regional ductal variation of VP. Further studies should address whether TIMP-2 expression is related to the highest incidence of rat LP prostatitis and adenocarcinoma. © 2006 International Federation for Cell Biology.

Expressão das caderinas nos tumores mamários em cadelas

Mammary tumors are among the most common neoplasia of canine females. The occurrence of metastasis may be detected by proteic markers. Among them, exist the E-cadherin, a member of cadherin family known for its important role in the regulation of intercellular adhesion in epithelial tissues. Studies suggest that E-cadherin may function as a tumor and invasion suppressor molecule. Cadherin activity is regulated by multiple mechanisms, including interaction with other proteins such as catenins. In this review, the authors approach the cadherin family and other related adhesion proteins including its function, physiopathology and potential use as marker for diagnosis and prognosis of canine mammary tumors.

Proliferação celular nos linfomas caninos

Lymphoma studies deals with morphological classification and immunophenotypic features and they have to be amplified for cellular kinetics evaluation. This evaluation can only be safely made, when the proliferative index are evaluated. In men the proliferation index have, most of the time, important influence in the neoplasia prognosis and treatment In this work it was used 40 canine lymphomas that were classified according to Kiel methods and immunophenotype was achieved with CD3 (T lymphocyte) and CD79a (B lymphocyte). Cellular proliferation was evaluated by AgNORs and Ki-67 (MIB-1) According to Kiel classification system, high grade lymphomas were more frequent and T and B lymphoma showed the same frequency.When cellular proliferation was evaluated, there was a significant difference between high grade and low grade lymphomas by AgNOR and Ki-67 (MIB-1) methods, but did not differ when comparing immunophenotype. Among high grade malignancy lymphomas the NORs medium number per cell nucleoli was 1.37± 0.32 and in low grade was 0.98± 0.36, concerning Ki-67 the positive cellular percentual was 43.19% ± 19.01, e 14.09% ± 11.74 in high and low grade, respectively.

Classificação citológica dos linfomas caninos

Lymphoma is among the most frequent canine neoplasia and share many similarities with human non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in respect of etiology, epidemiology, clinical, morphological and immunophenotipical aspects. Human classification schemes have been used in canine lymphoma. The aim of this work was apply Kiel, Working Formulation and Fournel-Fleury's et al. (1994) classification in Fine Needle Aspiration (FNA) cytology matherial. According to Kiel scheme 61.02% (36 cases) were high-grade lymphomas and 38.98% (23 cases) low grade. The Working Formulation, showed 11.86% (7 cases) of low grade, 61.02% (36 cases) intermediary grade and 27.12% (16 cases) high grade. In Fournel-Fleury's protocol revealed a predominance of high-grade lymphoma, with 61.02% (36 cases) over 38.98% (23 cases) of low grade. In conclusion, FNA can be used as a diagnostic method and in canine lymphoma cytological classification. Kiel's system showed the best results, once is based on cytologic basis.

Intravascular lymphomatosis in the central nervous system of dogs: Immunohistochemical investigation in two cases

We report here two postmortem cases of dogs with intravascular lymphomatosis affecting the central nervous system. Intravascular lymphomatosis is represented by an exclusively intravascular proliferation of neoplastic lymphoid cells. To characterize the origin of the neoplastic cells, we have proceeded with immunohistochemical analysis to identify B and T lymphocytes and endothelial cells. The results showed predominance of cells from the T cell lineage, and no evidence of B cell origin was found. Few cells from one dog also exhibited cytoplasmatic staining for vimentin and Von Willebrand factor. Although in one case some immunophenotype diversity was observed, the massive presence of CD3 positive cells confirmed these neoplasms as intravascular lymphomatosis of T cell origin.

Osteopatía hipertrófica canina: Relato de caso

A case of a 11 year old Boxer dog with hypertrophic osteopathy is presented. This is an uncommon pathological process characterized by bilaterally symmetric and generalized periosteal proliferative in long bones and falanges.

Mammary benign neoplasm diagnosed by fine needle aspiration biopsy in a guinea pig (Cavia porcellus)

Cytology is a well established research technique in human and veterinary medicine, but it is rarely used in small rodents. Spontaneous tumors are relatively uncommon in guinea pigs and those described in literature include a variety of organs like skin and subcutis, respiratory and reproductive tract, endocrine and hematopoietic system, and mammary gland. The objective of this article was to describe the use of the fine needle aspiration biopsy technique (FNAB) on evaluation of a mammary neoplasm in a guinea pig and describe the main cytological findings for the first time in literature.

Papel da proteína Mx1 na resposta a interferons e no processo neoplásico

The Mx1 protein is encoded by an interferon- induced gene and shares domain organization, homooligomerization capacity and membrane association with the large dynamin-like GTPases. The Mx1 protein is involved in the response to a large number of RNA viruses, such as the bunyavirus family and the influenza virus. Interestingly, it has also been found as a methylation-silenced gene in several types of neoplasm, including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. In this scenario, MX1 gene silencing is associated with immortalization in several neoplastic cell lines. Thus, Mx1 stands out as one of the key proteins involved in interferon-induced immune response and also plays an important role in cell cycle control. Here we discuss some of the functions of the Mx1 protein, including its antiviral activity, protein folding and involvement in neoplasia, as well as those revealed by investigating its cellular partners.

Hemangiossarcoma cardíaco em cão: Relato de caso

Cardiac tumors are relatively rare in dogs, being hemangiosarcoma (HAS) the most common neoplasia. It consists in a primary, endothelial-originated neoplasia, which frequently compromises the right atrium. The pericardial effusion, frequently identified in dogs with heart HSA is responsible for the clinical signs, such as lethargy, exercise intolerance, dyspnea, and syncope. The diagnosis is difficult and suggested mainly by the clinic, hematologic, radiographic and echocardiographic findings, and was confirmed by histopathological examination. The present study aimed to report the presence of a heart HSA in a seven year old, spayed dog presented with signs of a congestive heart failure, due to the presence of a pericardial effusion secondary to tumor, and also lung, liver and spleen metastases. Despite this uncommon association a cardiac tumor should be suspected when signs of a heart failure, with rapid decline in the clinical status abruptly occurs.

Post-ganglionic Horner's syndrome: An unusual presentation of non-Hodgkin lymphoma

In this paper, we present the rare case of a patient with cervical lymphadenopathy diagnosed as a T-cell-rich B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma that manifested Horner's syndrome due to a post-ganglionic sympathetic neuron lesion caused by the tumor. Copyright © 2012 S. Karger AG, Basel.

Immunophenotyping of thymic lymphoma in a Nelore cow

Thymic lymphoma is a malignant lymphoid neoplasm that affects several species, including cattle. This type of neoplasia can lead to death due to malignant cell infiltration in different organs. The classification of this neoplasm may predict prognosis and response to treatment. Immunophenotyping is one of the ways to perform this classification. There are reports about the performance of immunohistochemistry (IHC) to classify thymic lymphoma only in taurine cattle, therefore the aim of this report is to describe the immunophenotype of a thymic lymphoma in a Nelore cow. Immunostaining was performed with monoclonal antibodies (CD79, CD4 and CD8). The tumor cells showed positive staining only for CD8 T lymphocytes, coinciding with the disease progression, since the T lymphoma type is more aggressive.