234 resultados para Blade of irrigation


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Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Irrigação e Drenagem) - FCA

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Produção Vegetal) - FCAV

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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The sugarcane is a crop of annual cycle, where its large water demand is not always full, causing stand gaps in the sprouting of ratoons. Thus, this study aimed to assess the stand gaps in the first and second ratoon sugarcane under seven levels of water deficit. The experiment was conducted in the Center of Agricultural Sciences of the Federal University of Alagoas in the period of 22 February 2010 to 20 February 2012. The stand gaps depending on water depths ranged from 11.2 (25% ETo) to 16.8% (100% ETo) in the first ratoon and from 24.8 (0% ETo) to 32.8% (100% ETo) on second ratoon. The average size of stand gaps ranged from 0.60 to 0.68 m in the first ratoon and from 0.70 to 0.74 m on second ratoon. The average distance to find a stand gap ranged from 16.8 to 29.5 m in the first ratoon and from 6.5 to 10.9 m in the second ratoon. The percentage of gaps and the average size of the gaps in the sprouting of ratoon increase with the age of the sugarcane plantation and the average distance between gaps decreases. The use of irrigation in the culture of sugarcane increase the percentage of gaps, but because these spaces are filled with culms of other sugarcane clumps and were irrigated with larger water depths, the agricultural productivity of the culture increases. The depths of irrigation decreases the average distance between gaps with more intensity in the first than in the second ratoon.

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The use of low quality water for agriculture should be performed with care to avoiding excessive accumulation of salts in the soil so not to harm crop development. In order to evaluate the performance of beets under the infl uence of low water quality, an experiment was conducted in a greenhouse of the Department of Agricultural Engineering, Universidade Estadual Paulista in Botucatu, Brazil, from April to July 2012. We used the beet (Beta vulgaris L.) in a completely randomized design with 6 treatments and 5 replications, totaling 30 plots. Treatments consisted of NaCl solutions at different concentrations (2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0 and 6.0 dS m-1) plus a control treatment corresponding to water with no additional salt and electrical conductivity of roughly 0.26 dS m-1. Variables evaluated were total production, commercial production, plant height, number of plants and root diameter. Production of the beet crop was affected by the increasing salinity of irrigation water, characterized by reduced root production of the beets. Total and commercial production showed reductions of 8.82 and 12.2% in accordance with the unit increase of salinity.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Pós-graduação em Agronegócio e Desenvolvimento - Tupã

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Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Proteção de Plantas) - FCA

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Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Proteção de Plantas) - FCA

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Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Ciência do Solo) - FCAV

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Neste trabalho, ajustou-se um modelo matemático para quantificar o efeito do rendimento do motor elétrico sobre os custos de um sistema de bombeamento para irrigação na estrutura tarifária de energia elétrica convencional e horo-sazonal verde, bem como calcular o tempo de recuperação do capital investido no equipamento de maior rendimento. em seguida, o mesmo foi aplicado a um sistema de irrigação tipo pivô central em duas opções de rendimento do motor elétrico: 92,6% (linha padrão) e 94,3% (linha alto rendimento), sendo que o custo de aquisição do primeiro correspondeu a 70% do segundo. A potência do motor elétrico era de 100 cv. Os resultados mostraram que o modelo permitiu avaliar se um motor de alto rendimento era viável economicamente em relação ao motor-padrão em cada estrutura tarifária. Nas duas estruturas tarifárias, o motor de alto rendimento não foi viável. Na tarifa horo-sazonal verde, somente seria viável se seu rendimento fosse 4,46% superior ao do motor-padrão. Na tarifa convencional, somente seria viável se o ganho de rendimento superasse 2,71%.

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One of the important factors accounting for successful delayed replantation of avulsed teeth is seemingly the type of root surface treatment. Removal of necrotic cemental periodontal ligament remnants may prevent the occurrence of external root resorption, which is the major cause of loss of teeth replanted in such conditions. The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of two mechanical techniques for removal of root-adhered periodontal ligament. Preservation or removal of the cementum layer concomitantly with these procedures was also assessed. Forty-five roots of healthy premolars extracted for orthodontic purposes were selected. After extraction, the teeth were kept dry at room temperature for 1 h and then immersed in saline for rehydration for an additional 10 min. Thereafter, the roots were assigned to three groups, as follows: group 1 (control) - the cemental periodontal ligament was preserved; group 2 - removal of the periodontal ligament by scraping root surface with a scalpel blade (SBS); group 3 - periodontal ligament remnants were removed using a Robinson bristle brush at low-speed with pumice/water slurry (RBP). The specimens were analysed histomorphometrically and examined by scanning electron microscopy. The quantitative and qualitative analyses of the results showed that the RBP technique was significantly more effective than the SBS technique for removal of the periodontal ligament remnants adhered to root surface. Both techniques preserved the cementum layer.