Análise de ocorrências dos impactos pluviais na área urbana de Rio Claro (SP)

The Urbanization is a notable process in our society, being part of it since around 3500 BC in Mesopotamia, currently Iraq area. Since the Industrial Revolution, cities had a significant increase in their growth and began to concentrate increasingly labor and capital. Brazil, despite having had a late industrialization, also had a high population growth in cities, especially in the XVIII century, which were not provided with any kind of planning that targets the ordering and implementation of the urban essential apparatus. Therefore, Brazilian cities started to exhibit countless structural and environmental problems. Associated with inadequate infrastructure, the modifications in the urban atmosphere, like increased heat, air pollution and increased rainfall and storm frequency, cause different types of impacts in cities. Among the most worrisome are those from the intense rain, which cause human and material damage. The city of Rio Claro (SP) can be considered an example of this reality. Thereby, the objective of this study was to analyze the impacts on the population originated from rainfall in the urban area during the period 2005-2010, by the mapping of events and analysis of the active atmospheric systems. The information of the events were collected in the Fire Department and the Press and the synoptic maps were obtained in the library of INPE, in Cachoeira Paulista (SP) and in the site of the Navy of Brazil. The data showed that among 247 occurrences, during the six years, 233 occurred in the spring-summer period. Moreover, after finalizing the maps, it was found the locations considered critical regarding the frequency of occurrences, as: Visconde do Rio Claro Avenue and central area of the city, both with a total of 23 occurrences; Jardim Inocoop, with 20; Tancredo Neves Avenue, with 12 and Vila Paulista, with 10 occurrences. Through the graphs, it was found that the most recurrent atmospheric system, during the studied period, is...

Degradação ambiental e qualidade de vida na microbacia do Córrego do Gramado – Presidente Prudente/São Paulo

The late industrialization, together with other factors, ended up directing much of the rural population to cities, without adequate planning, resulting in high density and irregular settlements in risk areas to low-income population. The man settled in the urban site to break environmental laws that eventually causing an imbalance in the natural environment, causing or exacerbating the shortage in availability of water resources. This situation also happened in Presidente Prudente, especially in the east, the focus of this research. Therefore, this study aims to understand the causes of degradation of waterways in urban areas, focusing on society's relationship with nature and its consequences on environmental quality and quality of life of urban population located in the watershed of stream of Gramado, Presidente Prudente - São Paulo. In this catchment there is the irregular deposition of solid waste in the valley, remnants of old pollution release of domestic sewage and industrial (currently collected and intended for treatment), accelerated processes of erosion in some areas of intensive use of the relief and consequently, the bed siltation of streams that are part of the basin. The quality of urban life was seen through socioeconomic and environmental indicators, which were identified through questionnaires to residents, according to local residence in the landscape, divided into three segments: the tops 60 residents, 90 residents and 112 residents in the areas in valley bottoms. With these data we can relate them to the degradation of the basin and aggregate them to the quality of life of residents. Field studies were needed to visualize the changes that occurred in the watershed over the past three years, with the implementation of works aimed at improvements to the community as the conduit stream of Gramado and construction and operation of Sewage Pumping Stations... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Análise da evolução de pacientes com paralisia facial periférica submetidos a reabilitação

INTRODUÇÃO: A paralisia facial periférica (PFP) consiste no acometimento do sétimo nervo craniano, de forma aguda, podendo ser precedida por dor na região mastoidiana e resultando em paralisia completa ou parcial da mímica facial. É, na sua grande maioria, de causa idiopática ou apresenta diversas etiologias como diabetes mellitus, hipertensão arterial, herpes zoster, viroses, otites médias, infecções (lepra, sífilis, doença de Lyme), sarcoidose, traumatismo e tumores. Apesar da paralisia facial periférica ter sido descrita em 1821, por Sir Charles Bell, ainda hoje existe muita controvérsia a respeito da etiologia e tratamento. A incidência da PFP encontra-se entre 20 a 30 casos por 100 mil habitantes, com prevalência ligeiramente maior entre as mulheres. Baseado nessas premissas, este estudo teve por objetivo avaliar a evolução de pacientes com paralisia facial periférica submetidos a um protocolo de reabilitação. METODOLOGIA: No estudo foram incluídos 30 pacientes com diagnóstico de paralisia facial periférica idiopática, atendidos no Centro de Estudos e Reabilitação em Fisioterapia (CEAFIR), da FCT-UNESP, campus de Presidente Prudente. O presente estudo adotou como procedimento fisioterapêutico os protocolos I, II, III e IV. Antes de realizar qualquer técnica, abaixo mencionada, foi explicado ao paciente cada passo, para evitar surpreendê-lo. Conforme os pacientes apresentassem melhora e evoluções nas reavaliações elétricas, foram feitas recomendações de exercícios para mímica facial, em frente ao espelho. As repetições eram aumentadas gradativamente, posteriormente os mesmos exercícios, mas agora ativos resistidos. RESULTADOS: Os valores das variáveis reobase, cronaxia e acomodação, nos garantem que o protocolo usado permite avaliar a condução nervosa do facial, o grau de evolução da condução nervosa, bem como acompanhar... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

Influência do alongamento prévio no pico de torque e na taxa de força em exercício de contração isométrica

The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of previous active static stretch on the isometric peak torque (PT) and rate of force development (RFD) measured from different time intervals from the beginning of muscle contraction. Participated of this study 15 male individuals, apparently healthy, with ages between 18 and 25 years, without regular physical activity practice. The individuals were submitted in different days to the following tests: 1) Familiarization session to the isokinetic dynamometer; 2) Two maximal isometric concentric contractions for knee extensors in isokinetic dynamometer to determine PT and RFD (Control), and; 3) Two active static stretching exercises for the dominant leg extensors (10 x 30 s for each exercise, with 20 s of rest). After the stretching, the isokinetic test was repeated (Post-Stretching). The conditions 2 and 3 were performed in random order. The RFD was considered as the mean slope of the moment-time curve at time intervals of 0-30, 0-50 and 0-100ms relative to the beginning of muscle contraction. It was verified significant reduction for both maximal RFD and PT after the stretching (p < 0.05). At intervals of 0- 30ms, 0-50ms and 0-100ms, the RFD at the conditions with stretching was similar to the RFD without stretching (p > 0.05). At intervals of 0-150ms and 0-200ms, the RFD obtained at the contraction without stretching was significantly higher that that obtained at the contraction with stretching (p < 0.05). It can be concluded that the static stretching, performed with duration of 600 s diminish isometric PT, maximal RFD and RFD measured at late phase (> 100 ms) of muscle contraction.

Atividade citotóxica e apoptótica de nitensidina A e B em células de carcinoma cervical imortalizadas pelo Papiloma Vírus Humano (HPV) e não infectadas

Câncer cervical é o segundo tipo mais comum em mulheres no mundo. Estudos apontam que a presença de certos tipos do HPV desempenha um papel central na formação do câncer. Apesar do grande sucesso da prevenção do câncer uterino com vacinas, o uso de produtos naturais para o tratamento de doenças é crescente e de grande importância econômica. Alcalóides guanidínicos isolados de Pterogyne nitens representam uma potencial fonte de novos tratamentos. O objetivo geral desse trabalho foi avaliar a atividade apoptótica induzida em células de carcinoma cervical infectadas (SiHa) e não infectadas pelo HPV (C33-A), tratadas com nitensidinas A e B, isoladas de folhas de Pterogyne nitens Tul. A citotoxicidade dos alcalóides foi avaliada utilizando o método de MTT. Para avaliar quantitativamente a apoptose e necrose celular, foi executado o ensaio de Anexina V por citometria de fluxo. Ambas as substâncias, nitensidinas A e B, apresentaram efeito citotóxico concentração-resposta em ambas as linhagens testadas (SiHa e C33A) e nos dois tempos de tratamento (24 horas e 48 horas). Não foi observada significância estatística quando comparados os perfis de ação citotóxica das duas substâncias em teste (nitensidinas A e B), em nenhuma das linhagens testadas (SiHa e C33A) e em nenhum dos dois tempos de tratamento (24 horas e 48 horas). Ambas as substâncias, nitensidina A e nitensidina B, apresentaram efeito indutor de apoptose precoce e, em menor número, de apoptose tardia/ necrose, em ambas as linhagens testadas (SiHa e C33A) e nos dois tempos de tratamento (24 horas e 48 horas)

Efeito do diabetes sobre o crescimento puberal da próstata de rato: avaliação hormonal, imunocitoquímica e bioquímica

Adequate testosterone levels are necessary for the development, growth and maintenance of the male reproductive system. Testosterone deficiency is common in men with diabetes in whom it may contribute to impaired performance, with consequent reduction of the activity of the androgen regulated organs, such as the prostate. However, little attention has been given to the plasma dihydrotestosterone (DHT) level, the most potent androgen, nor to the expression of the androgen receptor (AR), insulin-like growth factor type I (IGF-1) and receptor (IGF-1R) in target tissues. Here, we investigated the effect of type I diabetes mellitus on DHT plasma levels and on prostate AR, IGF-1 and IGF-1R expression during rat pubertal growth. Diabetes was induced in prepubertal male rats through administration of streptozotocin (STZ; 40 mg/kg). Diabetic, diabetic treated with insulin, and age-matched control animals were killed by overdoses of pentobarbital. The ventral prostatic lobe (VP) was dissected, weighed and processed for immunohistochemistry for AR, IGF-1 e IGF-1R; plasma T and DHT levels were also determined. Hyperglycemia at puberty reduced VP weight gain to about 50% and plasma T level to about 80% of the control levels. In contrast there were no changes in plasma DHT levels. Insulin replacement restored the VP weight gain, but not the plasma T levels, which remained 90% below the ones of controls. Immunohistochemistry showed that AR, IGF-1 and IGF-1R expression in the prostate epithelial cells did not change with hyperglycemia or insulin replacement. Thus, the AR expression in the prostate epithelial cells appears to be regulated by DHT, and to a minor extent it also controls glandular growth

Proliferação e Morte Celular (Apoptose) avaliadas em ratos Lewis após tratamento com mistura de praguicidas em baixas doses

The use of pesticides in Brazil has intensified over the years. And since 2009 it was ranked as the largest market for pesticides worldwide. The consequential diffuse contamination of the environment is therefore due to the increasing number of chemicals of different classes, origins and modes of action. Little is known about the action of pesticides on human health in situations of co-exposure. Possible toxic effects are not restricted to agricultural and industrial workers, but also the general population that may be exposed continuously to its residues in food and water. Although these pesticides are mostly present in the environment at low doses, it must be considered that possible cumulative or synergistic effects may occur when there are concurrent or sustained exposure for two or more of these agents, which can lead to late manifestation of subclinical damages, sometimes irreversible. Thus, the specific objective of this study was to assess the effect of carcinogenesis promotion of a mixture of pesticides at low doses and analyze the phenomena of cell proliferation and apoptosis in rat liver. A total of 50 male Lewis rats was separated into 5 groups for 8 weeks in a medium term hepatocarcinogenesis model. The three different classes of pesticides (dieldrin, dicofol, endosulfan, dichlorvos and permethrin), whose residues were detected by ANVISA during the period from 2001 to 2005 in tomatoes cultures, were added to the feed of rats initiated to hepatocarcinogenesis with diethylnitrosamine (DEN- 200mg/kg ip). We used two different mixtures, one with no toxic effects at doses (MEX1) referring to the NOEL (no-observed-effect level) and another at doses LOEL / LEL / LOAEL (Lowest-observed-effect level / Lowest-effect level / Lowest -observed-adverse-effect level), to the installation of adverse effects (MEX2), derived from chronic studies. All animals ...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Ação dos inotrópicos e vasopressores na estabilização hemodinâmica em cães com choque séptico

Septic shock remains one of the most common challenges for the small animal practicing, presenting high mortality rates frequently associated with late identification of this syndrome, as well as an inappropriate treatment. In general, disruption of homeostasis occurs with an intense activation of inflammatory cascade, which leads to a damage to endothelial cells and an exposure to these cytokines, which will result in vasodilation and increased capillary permeability. Thus, there is a drop in blood pressure, even after aggressive fluid resuscitation. Therefore, drugs such as vasopressors, which act by increasing systemic vascular resistance, and inotropes, which have an effect on heart pump, should be administered in order to raise blood pressure, ensuring adequate tissue perfusion. The objective of this review was to gather information about the various drugs used in vasopressors/inotropes therapy, trying to explain the role of each one in different situations, in order to increase the survival rate in dogs affected with septic shock

Transcriptoma da interação de tangerina satsuma (Citrus unshiu) e laranja doce Hamlin (Citrus sinensis) infectadas com Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri, agente causal do cancro cítrico

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Genética e Melhoramento de Plantas) - FCAV

Efeitos da adição de mananoproteínas derivadas da parede celular de leveduras sobre parâmetros imunológicos de cães adultos e idosos

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FCAV

Avaliação histopatológica da cápsula posterior associada ao implante intraocular com superfície modificada: estudo experimental em coelhos

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Análise do perfil da expressão de genes candidatos com a eficiência alimentar de animais da raça Nelore

Pós-graduação em Genética e Melhoramento Animal - FCAV

Retardo na procura do tratamento odontológico e percepção da saúde bucal em mulheres grávidas

The objective was to assess in women with children under 5 years old what happened to your pregnancy in relation to dental care, coupled with a probable correlation between the level of their knowledge on dental health and possible reasons which lead or have led to a late seeking such treatment. The interviews were conducted in an environment of health center in the city center and the Odontoly Faculty in Araraquara. Among the interviews mothers, 57% refused the dental treatment during pregnancy. It appears on mothers that are afraid to perform a dental treatment during pregnancy. The misinformation on this issue often associated with this belief in the medical field that dental care during the first three months of pregnancy is harmful to the baby. Such information passed on to mothers leads to a hesitancy with dental treatment during this period. The educational level of mothers did not interfere in this pursuit, and 24.5% of them avoid treatment during pregnancy. The difference, however, is between those mothers of high educational level, performing oral prevention before pregnancy.

Antecipação da puberdade de novilhas Nelore (Bos taurus indicus) como fator econômico positivo na pecuária de corte brasileira

A idade ao primeiro parto em novilhas da raça Nelore é um importante índice a ser considerado na produtividade da pecuária de corte brasileira. Atualmente o gado Nelore é o mais difundido no Brasil, sendo considerado a principal raça de corte criada no país. O objetivo desta revisão foi comparar as informações sobre a característica reprodutiva tardia do gado Nelore com os recentes estudos sobre a antecipação da puberdade com o auxílio do manejo nutricional adequado, visando o aumento da produtividade. Foram utilizados basicamente três trabalhos, sendo um experimento realizado no Brasil, um trabalho apresentado por pesquisadores dos EUA e um artigo escrito pelo Dr. Guilherme de Paula Nogueira; além de artigos selecionados através dos seguintes descritores e boleadores: (Nelore OR Bos indicus) AND (Heifers OR Puberty) AND (Nutrition) AND (Economy). Dentre os 8 estudos obtidos, foram selecionadas 2 publicações em inglês datadas de 1991 e 2003. Mesmo a literatura sendo escassa neste assunto e em alguns aspectos contraditória, principalmente tratando-se da questão da viabilidade econômica da parição antecipada na pecuária de corte, pode-se concluir que a antecipação da puberdade depende de vários fatores tais como a genética, interação ambiental, nutrição, escore de condição corporal (ECC) e manejo. Além disso, mais pesquisas são necessárias e devem considerar a relação econômica da antecipação da puberdade em novilhas da raça Nelore dentro da bovinocultura de corte no Brasil

Um espelho esmaecido: o reino visigodo de Toledo, cristianismo e monarquia

This paper aims to present some characteristics of Hispania in Late Antiquity and Early Middle Ages (4th-8th centuries). Search through a brief analysis of the relationship between Christianity and the Catholic Monarchy stood raise some issues and questions. We understand that Christianity has played and plays a significant role in the historical development of the Iberian countries. But in its installation and attempt to consolidation as hegemonic religion in the peninsula, faced several challenges. His alliance with the monarchy stood represented one of the ways to make stronger its dominance. In turn, the Monarchy, preserving its characteristic elective associated strongly with Christianity, giving him a theocratic character trying to raise the sovereign above the fray aristocratic, without much success. Thus, our text points to some of the paths followed by these two elements, Christianity and Monarchy at the time of the Kingdom of Toledo, proposing more reflections and ways that effectively covering them. We hope to have achieved it.