Efeito de pontas e volumes de pulverização na deposição de calda na cultura do milho e em plantas daninhas

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Efeito de pontas de pulverização e da palha de milheto na deposição da calda aplicada em pós- emergência inicial das plantas daninhas

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Interferência da comunidade de plantas daninhas na cultura da soja em função do espaçamento de semeadura

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Agricultura) - FCA

Períodos de interferência de plantas daninhas em algodoeiro cultivares BRS Safira e BRS Verde

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Eficácia e seletividade de herbicidas aplicados em pós-emergência em soja convencional e transgênica

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Produção Vegetal) - FCAV

Épocas de consórcio de alho com cenoura em três sistemas de manejo de plantas daninhas em Jaboticabal-SP

This work was carried out using intercropped cultivation of garlic (Allium sativum) and carrot (Daucus carota) in Jaboticabal, SP - Brazil. Four seeding timings for carrot (0, 15, 30 and 45 days after garlic planting) and three weed management systems (herbicide, frequent manual weed control and no weed control) were tested. The effects of this intercropped system on weed control, efficient land use and productivity were determined. The experimental design was a completely randomized block with split-plots and four replications, with carrot seeding timings being the plots and the weed management systems, the sub-plots. The herbicide oxadiazon at 750 g ha-1 did not cause toxicity in the garlic, nor in the carrot plants. Regandress of the timing for the intercropping establishment the Land Equivalent Ratio (LER) values were greater than one. Garlic-carrot intercropping profitability was greater than that of monocultures of garlic crop, mainly under weed management systems, using the herbicide oxadiazon and frequent manual weeding.

Crescimento de Brachiaria plantaginea e Raphanus raphanistrum em convivência com híbridos de milho submetidos a períodos de controle das plantas daninhas

The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of corn hybrid cultivation and weed control periods on the population and growth of the weeds B. plantaginea and R. raphanistrum. The trial was set at Universidade Estadual the São Paulo (UNESP), Botucatu Campus, São Paulo - Brazil. A completely randomized block design with four replications was used. The treatments were arranged in a factorial scheme with four corn hybrids (C701, DINA170, XL678, and C125) and four manual weed control periods [a. 15 days after emergence (DAE); b. 15 and 30 DAE; c. 15, 30 and 45 DAE, and d. weedy]. The hybrids DINA170 and C125 significantly decreased the density of B. plantaginea. The hybrids C701, DINA170 and XL678 affected the growth of the plants, but they did not affect the emergence of new plants of R. raphanistrum. Hand-hoeing at 15 DAE decreased the dry matter weight of the weeds B. lantaginea and R. raphanistrum by 93.1%, 95.4% and 89.2%, respectively, at harvest of the four hybrids.

Ocorrência de plantas daninhas em cultivo consorciado de café e nogueira-macadâmia

Arborization can benefit coffee plantations by reducing the wind speed and temperature variation in the crop. It is also possible that the incident radiation can affect the weed populations and reduce the need for their control. This study aimed at assessing the weeds population and distribution, in arabica coffee intercropped with three macadamia cultivars, six years after planting, in Dois Córregos, São Paulo State, Brazil. Treatments consisted of a 3x3+1 factorial scheme, i.e., coffee intercropped with three macadamia cultivars (HAES 816, IAC 4-20 and IAC 9-20) and three sampling positions of weeds in the intercropping (in the macadamia tree canopy projection, among the macadamia tree canopies projections and in the single rows), plus an additional treatment (sole coffee). The weeds incidence and control, as well as their phytosociological characterization, were evaluated. For coffee intercropped with macadamia, the weeds occurrence and number of species were smaller than for sole coffee. For the projection in the canopy and among canopies of macadamia trees, there was an average decrease of 82% in the occurrence of weeds, in comparison with the sole coffee. The IAC 9-20 cultivar was more efficient in reducing the occurrence of weeds, when intercropped with coffee, for presenting a taller canopy, with a larger diameter.

Épocas e extensões do período de convivência das plantas daninhas interferindo na produtividade da cultura do milho (Zea mays)

Q field experiment was carried out at the Gralha Azul Experimental Farm/PUCPR, in the municipality of Fazenda Rio Grande-PR, to evaluate the effect of different times and coexistence extension periods of weeds interfering in corn yield. The experiment was arranged in a complete randomized complete block design and the treatments in a 4x5+2 factorial, with four replications. The treatments were as follows: four initial weed control periods (0-0, 0-7, 0-14 and 0-21 DAE) and five restarted weed control periods until the harvest (28, 42, 56, 70 and 84 DAE) and two checks, weedy and weed-free. The experiment was carried out under a no-till system. The period prior to weed interference (PBWI), the start of the critical period of weed interference (CPWI) and the infesting community were evaluated. When the initial weed control period was 0-0 day, the PPWI was at 9 DAE of corn; however, with increasing initial weed control periods (0-7, 0-14 and 0-21 DAE) the period prior to weed interference inncreased in relation to 0-0 day of the initial weed control, evidencing the existence of PPWI-S of 17, 24 and 28 DAE of corn, respectively. Thus CPWI initiates at the end of PPWI-S, the period when weed control is indispensable to prevent a significant reduction in corn yield. Coexistance with the weeds throughout the crop cycle reduced yield in 15%, compared to the weed-free check. Nine species of seven botanical families were assessed in the infesting community. Reduced density and dry mass were verified in the weeds that coexisted with corn, compared to those that grew without it, thus evidencing a suppressive effect of corn over the infesting plants.

Infestação de plantas daninhas em canaviais: efeito do ambiente de produção e do sistema de colheita, potencial alelopático de cultivares e da benzoxazolinona

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Produção Vegetal) - FCAV

Métodos para identificação de moléculas com atividade herbicida com ênfase na rota de síntese de carotenóides

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Proteção de Plantas) - FCA

Intensidades luminosas e profundidade de Semeadura na emergência e desenvolvimento de espécies de plantas daninhas

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Interferência de plantas daninhas no desenvolvimento inicial de mudas meristemáticas de cana-de-açúcar

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Produção Vegetal) - FCAV

Interferência das plantas daninhas na nutrição e produtividade da cultura da berinjela cultivar 'Nápoli' com e sem tutoramento e desbrota

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Produção Vegetal) - FCAV

Relações de interferência entre plantas daninhas e a cultura do grão-de-bico

The grains of chickpea consumed in Brazil are almost entirely imported. Considering that chickpeas presents conditions to be cultivated in some regions of Brazil, this study aimed to study interference of six weed plants (Amaranthus viridis, Bidens pilosa, Raphanus raphanistrum, Cyperus rotundus, Digitaria nuda and Eleusine indica) on the vegetative development of chickpeas. Thus, we evaluated the shoot length, number of leaves, leaf area, chlorophyll content and dry weight of leaves, stem and root of chickpeas. We observed a significant interference on the chickpeas'development in coexistence with weeds. Among the weeds, D. nuda, E. indica and A. viridis were the most aggressive, highlighting the need for early control of weeds when in cultivation of chickpeas in areas with a history of high density of these weeds. The leaf area of chickpeas was the most affected trait by the coexistence with weeds, affecting the development of the crop.