Sphincterodiplostomum musculosum (Digenea, Diplostomidae) infectando Steindachnerina insculpta (Characiformes, Curimatidae) no reservatório de Chavantes, Sudeste do Brasil

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Qualidade microbiológica da água e histopatologia de brânquias de peixes provenientes de pisciculturas do município de itapecuru-mirim, Estado do Maranhão

The present study evaluated the microbiological water quality and tissue lesions in gills from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and hybrid tambacu (Colossoma macropomum female x Piaractus mesopotamicus male). For this, water and gills were collected from fish farming at six locations in Itapecuru- Mirim County, Maranhão State. Microbiological water analyses revealed contamination by total coliforms, Escherichia coli and heterotrophic bacteria. In the gills, we observed a diversity of Gram-positive and Gramnegative bacteria. The tissue lesions were: lamellar fusion, interlamellar hyperplasia, sub-epithelial edema and telangiectasia. Inflammatory lesions were not observed. Significant statistical difference (p > 0.05) was not detected when comparing different gills lesions during rainy and dry season. The correlation between lesion and pond type was statistically different (p < 0.05) for lamellar fusion and interlamellar hyperplasia which occurred more frequently at ground ponds. Regarding the frequency of lesions in the different fish species, there was statistical difference (p < 0.05), and the tambacu was more sensitive to lamellar fusion while tilapia was more sensitive for the other lesions. In relation to the sampling stations, there was statistical difference for all the gill lesions. In conclusion, tissue lesions are nonspecific and function as a defense mechanism against polluted aquatic environments, without infectious character.

Feeding habits of Guiana dolphins, Sotalia guianensis, from south-eastern Brazil: New items and a knowledge review

This study presents new information on feeding habits of Guiana dolphins, Sotalia guianensis, in south-eastern Brazil, together with new regression equations to evaluate the weight and length of fish from otoliths, showing an overview on the knowledge about this species-diet in this area. Eighteen stomach contents had been analysed and compared to 180 samples collected in another eight feeding studies. The analysed specimens were either incidentally caught in gillnets used in coastal waters by the fleet based in the Cananéia main harbour (25°00âS 47°55âW), south of São Paulo State, or found dead in inner waters of the Cananéia estuary between 2003 and 2009. Based on the index of relative importance analysis, the most important fish species were the banded croaker, Paralonchurus brasiliensis. Doryteuthis plei was the most representative cephalopod species. Stellifer rastrifer was the most important fish species observed in dolphins in inner estuarine waters and P. brasiliensis in recovered dolphins from coastal waters. Loliguncula brevis is the only cephalopod species reported from dolphins found in inner estuarine waters up to date. Doryteuthis plei was the most important cephalopod species observed in coastal dolphins. When considering other feeding studies, the most representative fish family in the diet of S. guianensis was Sciaenidae, which is mainly represented by demersal fishes. The main preys of S. guianensis are abundant in the studied areas, which may indicate an opportunistic feeding habit. The majority of them are not the most important target species by the commercial fishery in south-eastern Brazil. © 2012 Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom.

Concentração letal LC50 do extrato aquoso de folhas de terminalia catappa em guaru, phalloceros caudimaculatus

This trial was conducted in order to determine the 50% lethal concentration (LC (I) 50-96h) of the aqueous extract of dried leaves of Terminalia catappa, a plant with antifungal, antibacterial and antiparasitic activity. Due to the increasing use of herbal medicines in aquaculture, its use is an option for controlling diseases in fish. Toxicity tests are important before recommending any treatment, since some products have therapeutic concentration close to lethal. To conduct the study used 135 fish species Guarus (Phalloceros caudimaculatus), exposed to increasing concentrations of: 0.0, 50.0, 100.0, 150.0, 200.0, 250.0, 300.0 mL of stock solution per liter of water. The results were calculated by the method Trimmed Spearman Karbo, demonstrating that the 50% lethal concentration (LC (I) 50-96h) estimated was 208.52 mL / L, with lower limit of 187.79 mL / L and higher 231.54 mL / L. Observed changes in behavior of the test organisms at concentrations above 250 mL / L decrease in the levels of dissolved oxygen and pH. Concentrations below 250 mL /L result in mortality rate near zero, so the aqueous extract shown low toxicity.

Population dynamics of the freshwater crab Dilocarcinus pagei in tropical waters in southeastern Brazil

In the northwestern region of the state of São Paulo, Brazil, the freshwater crab Dilocarcinus pagei Stimpson, 1861 is usually sold as bait for several fish species for sport fishing. Thus, knowledge of the reproductive biology of this species is essential to provide information for maintaining natural stocks and implementing future farming initiatives. The objective of this study was to investigate the population dynamics of the red freshwater crab D. pagei, focusing on reproductive and juvenile recruitment periods, sex ratio, and individual growth. Sampling was performed monthly from October 2005 to September 2007 in the Marimbondo-Fumas Hydroelectric Plant reservoir, Rio Grande, municipality of Icém in northwestern São Paulo state. The individuals were sexed, carapace widths were measured, and the gonads were examined macroscopically. In total, 1002 individuals were analyzed, consisting of 568 males and 434 females, of which 4 were ovigerous and 35 carried early juveniles in the incubatory chamber. The largest numbers of reproductive individuals of both sexes were recorded during the winter and spring months before spawning, which occurred in the spring. Intense juvenile recruitment and the highest rainfall levels were observed during the Southern Hemisphere summer. The results indicate that spawning can be considered seasonal, and the simultaneous emergence of juveniles with high rainfall levels is probably the result of the higher availability of food and potential sites for protection against predators. The skewed sex ratio (♂ 1:0.76 ♀) may be associated with growth rates, mortality, food restriction, behavioral differences, migration, and differential habitat use between the sexes. The similar maximum size (CW∞) and growth constant (k) for males (k = 1.78 y-1, CW = 61.43 mm) and females (k = 1.67 y-1, CW = 60.66 mm) may be associated with different energy investment strategies between the sexes. Additionally, a closed season is proposed for the species. © The Crustacean Society, 2013. Published by Brill NV, Leiden.

Checklist of freshwater ichthyofauna from coastal streams of Juréia-Itatins Reserve, Southeastern Brazil

The Juréia-Itatins Ecological Station (JIES) is one of the few protected areas in the state of São Paulo, which harbor a significant portion of the Atlantic forest. Although there is high diversity and endemism of fish species in this region, knowledge of the ichthyofauna in JIES is incipient. A total of 4,809 specimens belonging to six orders, 15 families and 31 species were captured during April 2009 to February 2010, using electrofishing, gillnets and traps. The family Characidae was predominant, mainly due to the abundance of freshwater species such as Astyanax ribeirae, Mimagoniates microlepis, and Hollandichthys multifasciatus. Although the estuarine regions were rarely sampled in this study, six brackish water species were captured. In this study, nine species previously unknown from JIES were discovered. Five endangered fish species, endemic to the Atlantic forest, occur at JIES, thus the presence of protected areas, as a conservation measure, is particularly relevant. © 2013 Check List and Authors.

Alcohol Impairs Predation Risk Response and Communication in Zebrafish

The effects of ethanol exposure on Danio rerio have been studied from the perspectives of developmental biology and behavior. However, little is known about the effects of ethanol on the prey-predator relationship and chemical communication of predation risk. Here, we showed that visual contact with a predator triggers stress axis activation in zebrafish. We also observed a typical stress response in zebrafish receiving water from these conspecifics, indicating that these fish chemically communicate predation risk. Our work is the first to demonstrate how alcohol effects this prey-predator interaction. We showed for the first time that alcohol exposure completely blocks stress axis activation in both fish seeing the predator and in fish that come in indirect contact with a predator by receiving water from these conspecifics. Together with other research results and with the translational relevance of this fish species, our data points to zebrafish as a promising animal model to study human alcoholism. © 2013 Oliveira et al.

Desenvolvimento de produto tipo “snack” a base de carne mecanicamente separada de tilápia do Nilo

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Ictiofauna nos trechos médio e baixo rio Pardo, Alto Paraná: inventário

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Ictiofauna associada à Typha angustifolia (Angiospermae) em riachos

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Comunidades de peixes e integridade biótica do Córrego da Água Limpa na fase de pré-recuperação de matas ciliares

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Efeitos da temperatura na expressão de genes relacionados ao crescimento muscular em tilápias do Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus) linhagem Gift

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Isolamento e caracterização de elementos transponíveis em espécies do gênero Brycon (Characidae, Bryconinae)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Identificação molecular de peixes marinhos das regiões Sudeste e Sul do Brasil com ênfase no Estado de São Paulo

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Genética de populações de Prochilodus argenteus e P. costatus do médio São Francisco

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)