Contribuições de elementos do construtivismo e da mediação da informação para a inclusão digital de idosos

The life expectancy increase has been augmenting studies on human aging. Among these studies are those that address the interaction between the elderly and the information and communication technologies, which may facilitate the execution of daily activities by elderly people. Therefore, the goal of this article was to investigate the application of constructivist elements in computer courses offered to Universidade Aberta à Terceira Idade – UNATI – UNESP – Campus of Marília, contributing to the digital inclusion of this community. The constructivist elements focused on the role of the teacher as a mediator in the teaching-learning process. It was found that most of these elements are already being applied in this universe, but some changes need to be undertaken in order to expand the opportunities for education and to allow students to have more autonomy for information seeking and use in the web environment.

As implicações teóricas dos arquivos pessoais: elementos conceituais

This paper aims to understand the nature of personal archives and their main features based on the collector entity IEB-USP (Instituto de Estudos Brasileiros da Universidade de São Paulo). Based on this entity and on archival theory, we discuss here, differences and similarities between the organic and private archives realizing the intrinsic value established on personal archival and how its institutionalization is denominated, once it directly pervades the attribution of value that is assigned and settled, relating to the work and life of a political or artistic personality, and also related to the collective memory and legacy left for this historically, aesthetic and socially important figures. We highlight, here, the approximation of Archival Science and Information Science and Library through the principles and organization methodologies applied to personal archives.

Educação Profissional e Ideologia das Competências: Elementos para uma Crítica da Nova Pedagogia Empresarial sob a Mundialização do Capital

This article aims to address the relationship between work and professional education, specifically the ideology skills and the new pedagogy business under the globalization of capital. Is analyzed at first, the world-historical context, the restructuring of the productive and political capital from the 1970s, and the demand for a new organization of work based on model Toyota. Second, discuss such changes are productive within the Brazilian state and its influence on educational policies geared to work, permeated by the ideology skills as an instrument that seeks to obscure the relationshipcapital. It discusses the emergence of new education business connected to the ideals of human capital. It is the influence of international organizations in Brazil of the United Nations (UN) and the United Nations Organization for Education, Science and Culture (UNESCO), aimed at articulating the education according to the ideological aspect global, verified legislative apparatus in education. Ends up not only to reflect the content of the skills ideology, but it is suggested the redemption value of the denied promise of emancipation human-general.

Influência dos elementos de liga nos parâmetros de processo de fundição de ferros fundidos especiais

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEG

Simulação numérica através do método dos elementos finitos e comparação experimental para obtenção de tensões e deformações específicas em fêmur com prótese total de quadril

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEG

Elementos-traço em dois latossolos após aplicações anuais de lodo de esgoto por treze anos

This experiment aim was to evaluate the contamination of the trace elements (TE) arsenic, barium, cadmium, chromium, copper, mercury, molybdenum, nickel, lead, selenium, and zinc considered in the CONAMA resolution 375 after 13 years long using sewage sludge (SS) as fertilizer in two soils: an Eutroferric Clayed Red Latosol (Rhodic Eutrudox - RE) and a Dystrophic Red Latosol (Typic Haplorthox - TH). Experiment in the field under maize cultivation had four treatments (0, 5, 10, and 20 t of SS ha(-1), dry weight), five replications and an experimental design in randomized blocks. The agrochemicals (dolomitic limestone, single superphosphate, and potassium chloride), SS, soils, and the certified reference materials were digested according to the USEPA 3051A method and the chemical elements were quantified by ICP OES. The TE contents found in the agrochemicals used should not cause immediate environmental impact. The higher TE values were found in the RE and they did not reach the agricultural (more stringent) Investigation Level (IL) yet, according to 420 CONAMA resolution. Persisting the actual SS fertilization amount applied in the soil and the TE concentration in the SS is foreseen that Ba, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Zn will be the first elements to reach the IL in the RE.

Determinação dos esforços em lajes pelo métodos dos elementos de contorno

Through deductions and formulations of the equations governing the behavior of plates elastic and thin based Kirchhoff theory, it is evident that it is justifiable to the complication of the numerical methods considering the complexity of the equations that describe the physical behavior of these elements and obtaining analytical solutions for specific situations. This study is directed to the application of the numerical method which is based on discretizations to the simplest elements which results in the reduction of data to be processed from. The numerical method in question is the Boundary Element Methods (BEM), as the name suggests, the discretizations are only the edges of the elements. The BEM converts the complex integral equations, in sums of functions that reduce the unknowns at the nodes that define the ends of discrete elements, obtaining internal values to elements using interpolation functions. Confirming the need and usefulness of the BEM, apply, then the foundations necessary to the specific cases of Civil Engineering where traditional methods do not provide the desired support, leaving in question the security situations and economics of the projects

Influência da aplicação de cargas estáticas axias e não axais em próteses parciais fixas de três elementos, análise pela extensometria

Um bloco de poliuretano recebeu três implantes de hexagono externo, no posicionamento compensado. Para cada implante foi conectado o pilar protético microunit. Foram realizados cinco enceramentos com três coifas plásticas cada um, que foram fundidos em monobloco numa liga de cobalto-cromo. Foram colados quatro extensomêtros tangenciando cada implante, sendo dois extensomêtros para o implante central. Após o acabamento, as estruturas foram fixadas nos respectivos locais com o parafuso de retenção com torque de 10 Ncm, obtidos com um torquímetro. Para aplicação de carga sobre os corpos-de-prova foram selecionados cinco pontos de aplicação de carga. O dispositivo de aplicação de carga–DAC foi utilizado 30 kg de cargas verticais estáticas, empregando uma ponta esférica de 2 mm de diamêtro, durante 10 segundos em cada um dos pontos estabelecidos, sendo, neste instante registradas as micro deformações de cada extensômetro. Foi utilizado o teste de análise de variância T Student e o nível de significância foi o valor convencional de 5%. Para cada implante foi analisada a microdeformação ocorrida. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que houve uma diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os pontos não-axiais D e E (t = 5,21 df = 4, p = 0,006 < 0,05) e não foi estatisticamente significativa para os dados axial entre os pontos B e C (t = 6, 57, df = 4, p = 0,003 < 0,05 / 3). Conclui-se que,a aplicação de carga ao redor de três implantes de hexágono externo no posicionamento compensado,mostra que os pontos não-axiais sofrem maior micro deformação do que os pontos axiais

Análise estrutural de Tie-Rod pelo método dos elementos finitos e através de cálculos analíticos

Currently one of the great concerns of the aeronautical industry is in relation to the security and integrity of the aircraft and its equipments / components when under critical flight maneuvers such as during landing / takeoff and emergency maneuvers. The engineers, technicians and scientists are constantly developing new techniques and theories to reduce the design time and testing, ir order to minimize costs. More and more the Finite Element Method is used in the structural analysis of a project as well as theories based on experimental results. This work aimed to estimate the critical load to failure for tensile, compression and buckling of the Tie-Rod, a fixture aircraft widely used on commercial aircrafts. The analysis was performed by finite element method with the assistance of software and by analytical calculations. The results showed that the Finite Element Method provides relative accuracy and convenience in the calculations, indicating critical load values slightly lower than those found analytically for tension and compression. For buckling, the Finite Element Method indicates a critical load very similar to that found analytically following empirical theories, while Euler's theory results in a slightly higher value. The highest risk is to fail by buckling, but the geometric irregularity of Tie-Rod pieces makes difficult the calculations, therefore a practical test must be done before validation of the results

Estudo de placas com várias condições de contorno e de carregamento através do método dos elementos de contorno

Even today tables are used in the calculation of structures formed by flat elements, these methods are acceptable only for a limited number of cases, but even so, in some situations, tables are used. With time some methods of differential equations resolutions were emerging and accepted as the most effective solution. Today, with the advancement in technology, there are already some programs able to solve more complex problems in less time using these methods. Aiming to optimize time and better understand the physical behavior of plates, this work presents the theory of plate, the Boundary Element Method (BEM) applied to solve problems of plates (slabs) with various boundary conditions and load through the program Placas2 (TAGUTI, Y.-2010) in Fortran language

Avaliação das condições de contorno da teoria de Hertz, comparando os resultados analíticos e numéricos a partir de simulações em software de elementos finitos

The objective of this study was to present the comparison between analytical and numerical results trying to identify the differences and behaviors of the variation of the principal stresses and the maximum contact pressure for different model configurations. The analytical equations of the theory of Hertz from the boundary conditions adopted by him were differences are shown. A step-by-step of developing the model indicating the geometric dimensions, surface contact, type of contact, the formulation used by the software, type of mesh, as well as the boundary conditions and load was presented. In the results, the stresses calculated analytically and compared with the stresses obtained by the finite element simulation software indicating the changes have been made

Análise de cilindros de paredes grossas através do método dos elementos finitos

Have long studied the distribution of stresses in the cylinder. When this thickness is less than or equal to 10% of the inner radius is possible to consider a uniform distribution along the thickness of the tube. However, when the thickness is greater than 10% of the inner radius is necessary to consider the theory of thick-walled cylinders. This theory shows that when the thickness increases on the radius, the stresses do not act uniformly. The objective of this study is to determine the maximum stresses in thick-walled cylinders by comparing the results obtained by the theory of elasticity and the finite element method

Parque público como reestruturador de elementos urbanos: revitalização da antiga siderúrgica de Lençóis Paulista

The intention of this survey is develop design actions about the site of the former steel from Lençóis Paulista, a large and impressive area, but underutilized in the town. The aim is to revitalize it since the analysis and knowledge from the place and its surroundings, in order to solve the analysis observed: the non integration of the town, neighborhoods and public adjacent devices with the interior of the mentioned spot

Otimização do braço inferior da suspensão dianteira do veículo Baja utilizando o método dos elementos finitos

Mass reduction coupled with the mechanical performance in service has been the goal of many projects related to the transport area, considering the advantages that mass reduction can bring. However, make a simple material substitution without design a new geometry to corroborate for the best component performance, often makes the replacement unviable. In this study, it was investigated the advantages of replacing the prototype BAJA SAE front suspension lower arm of Equipe Piratas do Vale de BAJA SAE - Universidade Paulista, Campus Guaratinguetá, actually produced with steel, for a new component made of carbon fiber composite. The new geometry has been developed to provide the best possible performance for this component and your easy manufacturing. The study was done using the 3D modeling tools and computer simulations via finite element method. The first stage of this work consisted on calculation of the estimated maximum contact force tire / soil in a prototype landing after jump at one meter high, drop test in the laboratory with the current vehicle, current front suspension lower arm 3D modeling, finite element simulation and analysis of critical regions. After all current component analysis, a new geometry for the part in study was designed and simulated in order to reduce the component mass and provide a technological innovation using composite materials. With this work it was possible to obtain a theoretical component mass reduction of 25,15% maintaining the mechanical strength necessary for the appropriated component performance when incited

Modelagem em 3D de uma patela humana e análise de esforços utilizando o método dos elementos finitos

Throughout the history of medicine surgeons realized the importance of the patella to the functioning of the knee. The main function of the patella is to increase the mechanical efficiency of the quadriceps tendon and knee extensor mechanism. It was found that 50% to 80% of the fractures without deviation of the patella have the transversal pattern, possibly due to excessive tensile forces applied to the extensor mechanism. The purpose of this study is to analyze the loads to which a patella is submitted during a normal extension movement of knee. This analysis will be done by modeling a 3D patella and subsequent load simulation as, described in medical literature, using the finite element method