Repercusões a longo prazo do padrão alimentar ocidental ocorrido durante a gestação, lactação e fase juvenil na susceptibilidade ao desenvolvimento de câncer do cólon em ratos

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Obtenção de um ataque químico padrão, zona de annealing parcial e temperatura de fechamento para o epídoto através do método dos traços de fissão

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

O padrão de compressão de video MPEG moving picture experts group

This work focuses on the study of video compression standard MPEG. To this end, a study was undertaken starting from the basics of digital video, addressing the components necessary for the understanding of the tools used by the video coding standard MPEG. The Motion Picture Experts Group (MPEG) was formed in the late '80s by a group of experts in order to create international standards for encoding and decoding audio and video. This paper will discuss the techniques present in the video compression standard MPEG, as well as its evolution. Will be described in the MPEG-1, MPEG-2, MPEG-4 and H.264 (MPEG-4 Part 10), however, the last two will be presented with more emphasis, because the standards are present in most modern video technologies, as in HDTV broadcasts

Avaliação do padrão de metilação dos genes ESR1, ESR2 e PGR nas linhagens celulares derivadas do câncer de mama

Breast cancer has received an increasing attention because it is one of the most common cancer type and a leading cause of morbity and mortality among women worldwide. This disease has been considered as a heterogeneous condition, demonstrating a large spectrum of clinical and histopathological variability. In the last two decades, several studies have been conducted to identify new molecular markers of cancer cells, including the alterations of DNA methylation, which is the major epigenetic mechanism associated with the control of gene expression. The hypermethylation of promoter-associated CpG islands contributes to the loss of function of several cancer-related genes, including those encoding to the estrogen receptor (ESR) and progesterone receptor (PGR). This study aimed to determine the methylation patterns of CpG islands of the genes encoding the estrogen receptor α (ESR1 gene, promoters A and B), estrogen receptor β (ESR2 gene) and progesterone receptor (PGR gene, promoter A and B) in 15 cell lines derived from breast cancer. The DNA methylation analysis was based on the “Methylation Specific-Polymerase Chain Reaction” (MSP), which provides a qualitative assessment of the methylation status of a specific CpG island. The results revealed heterogeneous data: the promoter region of ESR1A showed complete methylation in one cell line (BT549) and only two cell lines showed partial methylation (MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-453), while the others lineages presented unmethylated alleles. The promoter region of isoform ESR1B was unmethylated in the cell lines BT549, SKBR3 and T47D; partial methylation were observed in the cell lines MDA-MB- 231, MCF-7 and ZR-75-30, while the others cell lines presented complete methylation. All lineages showed complete or partial methylation of the ESR2 gene. The methylation pattern of the promoter A of the PGR ...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Um mundo radicalmente melhor: criatividade, colaboração e padrão de redes como estratégias para o desenvolvimento sustentável

There are substantial evidences that the period experienced by humanity globally is unprecedented and is heading towards a major transformation that results from the Globalization. Totally conditioned to the addictions of the dominant and predatory capitalism, humanity has, for decades, exhausted natural resources, disregarded the nature of its own social existence and walked away from its humanity. It is notable, however, an impressive flow of factors that dialogue and support each other as trends that go towards sustainable development, based on the harmonious integration between Technology, Culture, Society, Environment and Economy. This emerging moment can be seen from the perspectives of the Creative Economy as economic paradigm centered on the subjectivity and the human capacity to undertake innovative services, products and solutions guided by social values. Within this fluid and dynamic global context, initiatives that legitimately intend to act sustainably are gaining space. This socioeconomic moment fosters and is fostered by new kinds of work and organization guided by the Collaboration and social structuring on Network Patterns. These new social models significantly transform the understanding and insights about the Communication flows. The HUB São Paulo, as creative and social organization that operates under the logic of Collaboration through a Network Structure, was the subject of a case study used to sustain the defense of this emerging scenario and also to perform an analysis on the new role of Communication, at perspectives of transformation of mental paradigms towards sustainability and establishment of meaningful connections

Implementação da eficiência global de equipamento (OEE) no padrão de produção e análise de impactos

Nowadays, there is a need for improvements in production processes for companies to be competitive, as it is an obligation of businesses, it is necessary to know about the production processes accurately, to learn where improvements in work and thus have large impacts results. The calculation of efficiency of production lines is necessary to know as much about the progress of production and for product costing, when the measurement is not suitable, it generates negative impacts on the company. Due to the impact generated by this parameter, the graduation work carry out the study of change in a method that does not include all requirements necessary, by another method known as Overall Equipment Effectiveness, and according to studies, covering various parameters, showing become more consistent. These values are contained in the pattern production which is used to fund the product, thereby also occur financial impacts. Thus the work will study the change along with the analysis of impacts caused by the change

Padrão de atividade de morcegos filostomídeos em três diferentes áreas no interior de São Paulo

Os morcegos estão constantemente expostos a condições ambientais que podem alterar o seu padrão de atividade. No presente trabalho descrevemos a atividade horária de morcegos filostomídeos em três áreas florestais no sudeste do Brasil. Também testamos a influência da temperatura ambiente, luminosidade da lua e de diferentes áreas na atividade de Carollia perspicillata. Foram coletados 154 indivíduos pertencentes à família Phyllostomidae, sendo 37,7% deles representados por C. perspicillata (n = 60). Glossophaga soricina, Sturnira lilium e Desmodus rotundus apresentaram um padrão unimodal em sua atividade. Já Anoura caudifer, Chrotopterus auritus e Micronicterys microtis demonstraram uniformidade nas capturas ao longo da noite. C. persprcillata apresentou um padrão bimodal, com picos de atividade no início e final da noite, no entanto a espécie foi ativa durante todo o período. Houve diferença na atividade de C. perspicillata entre as áreas, sendo uniformemente distribuída nas áreas I e III, e unimodal na área II. A temperatura ambiente e a luminosidade do luar não foram fatores decisivos na regulação da atividade de C. perspicillata.

Usos não-padrão das estratégias de relativização no português brasileiro: hipercorreção e estilo

This study focuses on the current use of the relative pronoun qual and variants or alternatives (o/os/a/as/ qual/quais, preceded or not by prepositions) in Brazilian Portuguese concerning mainly on the phenomenon of hypercorrection. As a theoretical basis, it was used the study of William Labov about the phenomenon and also the rules of use of this pronoun present in both traditional grammars and linguistic studies. It was performed a qualitative analysis of a corpus of written language with the intention of describing the different uses of the pronoun, and looking for their possible motivations. There were also found different types of occurrences of hypercorrection, which has led to propose a scale of uses of this relative pronoun, which reveals an increasing loss of its functions towards an use as an index of prestige. It discusses also the stylistic factor as a potential motivator of this phenomenon

Caracterização do padrão eletroforético de glândulas salivares de Triatoma lecticularia e Rhodnius prolixus (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae) em diferentes tempos pós repasto sanguíneo

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Determinação da sensibilidade elementar de amostras-padrão pelo método de flurescência de raios X por reflexão total

To determinate the multielemental concentrations in biological samples using the technique of total reflection X-ray fluorescence (TRFX) is essential the use of standard samples. The aim of this study is the determination of the sensitivities of the relevant elements in standard samples (Multi Element atomic spectroscopy standard solution in HNO3 I) prepared in three solutions with different and known concentrations. Based on the sensitivities of the elements contained in the multilelementar standard sample, it can estimate the sensitivity for an element found in the biological sample and consequently it is possible to determinate the concentration, even though the standard does not contain this element. The measurement of fluorescence was performed at the Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS) in Campinas

As Políticas Públicas para a promoção da igualdade racial no contexto de Presidente Prudente

This work aims at presenting the historical and social path traversed in Brazil since slavery until the implementation of affirmative public policies to promote racial equality, at the local level, in the municipality of Presidente Prudente-SP. Therefore, the starting point was the equal rights guaranteed by the Constitution. As a result, there was a brief historical path of national trajectory, starting from slavery to the so-called cordial racism, seeking to demonstrate the route of racial discrimination in the country. Later, we made notes about the necessity and debate on public policy statements of various fields, were made explicit in the text and the articles of the Constitution which prescribe the crime of racism and some of the situations that were highlighted in the national media. The focus in the city of Presidente Prudente was through historical research, interviews, photographic records and documents that informed about the presence of black people in the city. From these data, based on previous research, it was possible to trace the formation and development of the Black Movement in the city and thus point the way to the formation of this City Council for Racial Equality and the need for application of affirmative action policies for the municipality by hereby. Data from the 2000 Census and 2010 indicate the demand of Presidente Prudente as the percentage of blacks self-declared grew this decade. The main demands are paring the areas of Health since the rate of black women Administrative Region (RA) of Presidente Prudente who die in puerperium and high; Education through enhanced, by the Municipal Education Law No. 10,639, and due attention to african-Brazilian culture by respecting the religious manifestations of African origin among others... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Padrão de atividade da jaguatirica (Leopardus pardalis), cutia (Dasyprocta leporina) e paca (Cuniculus paca) no sul da Amazônia brasileira

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Memória de onde, memória de quem

The spatial formation of Rio Claro city preserves several features of the problematic transition from the slave to remunerated labor in the late 20th, when the tacit ethnic bipolar sociability standard emerged, imprinting “black” and “white” forms to the city’s urban space. The ethnic social clubs José do Patrocínio and Tamoio, are two objects of ethnic groups’ exclusive use. Such ethnic social clubs indicate the existence of conflicts in their formation, as well as in their present existence, they are forms that preserve in themselves the codes and histories of the local black movement’s fight for their rights and for an autonomous place in the local society. In the present context the spaces are increasingly subjected to commercial interests and the spirits are embedded in confusion. What is the value of these spaces for the subjects who built them? The versions and narratives from oral accounts will allow us to understand the existing dimensions in the relation between the places and the memory, evidencing the importance of the patrimony and the patrimonial policies to the cities in the present historical period of geographic space globalization

Clonagem de sequências codificantes de citocinas felinas para construção de curva padrão para PCR em tempo real

A quantificação de citocinas felinas possibilita uma avaliação do sistema imune do animal em diferentes doenças, permite também a identificação de diferentes fatores que alteram sua secreção, e colabora na compreensão da patogênese das enfermidades. Em humanos e camundongos essa mensuração é feita principalmente pelo método de ELISA, mas para os felinos há uma menor disponibilidade de kits específicos para determinadas citocinas, e estes possuem um custo elevado. Assim, uma alternativa é utilizar a reação de PCR em tempo real com transcrição reversa (RT-qPCR) para quantificação absoluta dos RNAs mensageiros das citocinas felinas, uma técnica bastante sensível e específica para analisar a expressão desses genes. Com esse intuito, esse trabalho teve como objetivo clonar as sequências gênicas codificantes de citocinas, para construir uma curva padrão para a qPCR. Assim, foi feita extração de RNA de amostras de sangue total de gatos domésticos, e estes foram tratados com DNAse para evitar contaminação por DNA genômico. O cDNA foi sintetizado, e amplificado com os primers específicos para cada fragmento codificante de citocina e o GAPDH felino. Cada amplicon purificado foi inserido em um plasmídeo comercial, e introduzido em bactérias E. coli cepa DH5. Os clones recombinantes foram sequenciados para confirmar a inserção do fragmento no vetor. As curvas padrão da qPCR foram construídas com cada plasmídeo recombinante numa de 106 a 101 cópias por reação. O sequenciamento mostrou que todos os clones eram semelhantes àqueles encontrados no GenBank. A eficiência das amplificações, baseado no slope das curvas padrão foram: 101,3% para GAPDH, 99,1% para IL-1, 83,2% para IL-6, 94,4% para IL-10, 105,5% para IL-12, 83,4% para IFN- e 83,8% para TNF-. O valor de r2 foi de 0,99 em todas as reações. Dessa forma, com a clonagem dos fragmentos... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

Hip Hop na aula de FLE: aprendendo e ensinando o léxico não-padrão

Appuyé sur le concept de lexiculture, proposé par R. Galisson (2000), et en reconnaissance de l’existence et de la dimension du mouvement Hip Hop en France, le but de cet article est d’examiner l’importance de cette culture et de son lexique dans le contexte français, soulignant aussi la nécessité de son insertion dans les matériels éducatifs destinés à l’enseignement du français langue étrangère (FLE). À cet effet, nous avons elaboré, à l’aide d’un système de traitement de corpus, une liste bilingue français-portugais brésilien de ce lexique, à partir des paroles des trois principaux artistes français. Il faut noter que la plupart de ces unités lexicales ne sont pas présentes dans les dictionnaires généraux bilingues, ce qui crée des difficultés aux apprenants ainsi qu’aux enseignants d’accès à ce lexique, qui coexiste avec la langue standard étudiée et qui représente une grande richesse linguistique.