Atividade antiinflamatória intestinal da escopoletina e fraxetina nas fases aguda e crônica do processo inflamatório induzido por TNBS em ratos

A Doença Inflamatória Intestinal (DII) engloba, fundamentalmente, duas doenças distintas: a Doença de Crohn (DC) e a Colite Ulcerativa (CU), ambas caracterizadas por uma inflamação crônica do intestino, com períodos de exacerbação seguidos de intervalos prolongados de remissão dos sintomas. Apesar da DII ser objeto de pesquisa há várias décadas, a sua etiologia ainda é desconhecida e seu tratamento envolve uma série de fármacos com sérios efeitos colaterais, especialmente quando usado cronicamente. As cumarinas representam uma importante classe de compostos fenólicos naturais que apresentam inúmeras propriedades farmacológicas importantes para que um produto seja potencialmente ativo no tratamento da DII. Dentre as inúmeras cumarinas conhecidas e estudadas, dados obtidos em nosso laboratório demonstram que algumas cumarinas apresentam efeitos protetores na fase aguda e preventiva do processo inflamatório intestinal induzido por TNBS (ácido trinitrobenzenosulfônico) em ratos, reduzindo a incidência de diarréia, aderência e obstrução intestinal, além de manterem os níveis de glutationa e reduzirem a atividade da fosfatase alcalina e da mieloperoxidase colônica. Os objetivos do presente projeto são determinar a atividade antiinflamatória intestinal da escopoletina e fraxetina na fase aguda e crônica com recidiva de colite ulcerativa induzida por TNBS tendo-se em vista a determinação de sua atividade curativa. Para tanto, serão avaliados os parâmetros clínicos gerais (consumo de alimento e peso corporal), parâmetros macroscópicos da lesão (determinação de índice de lesão, relação peso-comprimento colônico) e bioquímicos (avaliação das atividades da mieloperoxidase, fosfatase alcalina, níveis de proteínas e glutationa total)

Estudo de parâmetros radiométricos e legislação sobre radioproteção em equipamentos de radiodiagnóstico

O uso de radiações ionizantes (R.I.), nas mais variadas atividades tem aumentado nas últimas décadas. Com o avanço tecnológico, novos e sofisticados equipamentos emissores de R.I. tem surgido no cenário nacional, o que torna imperativo a difusão do conhecimento sobre os conceitos de proteção radiológica junto à comunidade em geral, e neste sentido, o curso de física médica desenvolve um importante papel, quer seja no aspecto informativo quanto formativo de cidadãos e profissionais críticos e politicamente corretos, que possam contribuir com as Políticas Públicos dos órgãos normatizadores e fiscalizadores das atividades de vigilância sanitária. Conforme a legislação atual (Resolução SS-625 de 14/12/1994, da Secretaria de Estado da Saúde, e Portaria 453 de 01/06/1998 da Vigilância Sanitária do Ministério da Saúde), todos os serviços que utilizam radiações ionizantes devem realizar testes de avaliação dos parâmetros radiométricos dos equipamentos emissores de R.I., sendo exigidos as medidas de Levantamento Radiométrico das instalações, o Teste de Radiação de Fuga do cabeçote emissor e a implementação de Programa de Garantia de Qualidade dos equipamentos e dos procedimentos radiológicos. Este procedimento tem como objetivo principal a obtenção de imagens radiográficas com qualidade e a segurança de pacientes e profissionais, evitando a exposição desnecessária à radiação de pacientes e profissionais. A correta realização de procedimentos radiológicos além de reduzir a dose nos pacientes também promove significativa diminuição nos custos, por não haver necessidade da repetição dos exames. No Brasil, conforme dados da Secretaria de Atenção à Saúde SAS/MS, atualmente existem instalados 4.469 mamógrafos, 25.930 aparelhos de raios-x médicos, 39.438 aparelhos de raios-x odontológicos e...(Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

Necrose Asséptica da cabeça do fêmur

Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease is a non-inflammatory aseptic necrosis of the head of the femur that is found in both young animals and humans before the gap in the femur head closes. In the fields of both human and veterinary medicine the cause of this condition is not known for certain. Various factors have been put forward in the literature as being responsible for the incidence of this condition such as: abnormalities in coagulation, changes in blood flow in the arteries, a septic obstruction in the draining of the epiphysis or the upper parts of the femur, trauma, growth cycle, hyperactivity in a child, genetic influences and dietary factors. Case histories in dogs show that the first stages of the condition progress slowly but that limping or putting weight on the limb worsens at 6 to 8 weeks. Some owners talk about a sharp onset in clinical lameness. Other clinical symptoms may include irritability, loss of appetite and knawing at the hair surrounding the affected hip. In the course of physical examination manipulating the hip joint will cause pain to the animal. The advanced stages of the disease may result in restricted amplitude of movement, muscular atrophy and fracturing. In humans the clinical signs are similar, although progression of the disease is slower so that it can be diagnosed at an earlier stage. In veterinary medicine the diagnosis is, in the main, based on case history, clinical symptoms, physical examination and certain related procedures such as radiography. The various diagnoses include physical trauma and dislocation of the medial patella. In human medicine many people have been correctly diagnosed. Whatsmore, there is a range of related procedures that are virtually not available to veterinary medicine such as magnetic nuclear resonance, that show up necroses with great clarity before radiography and cintilography do, and is considered... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Planejamento, síntese e avaliação da capacidade de doação de óxido nítrico de novos derivados antiinflamatóios

A formação do trombo arterial, composto predominantemente por plaquetas, se dá sob condições de estresse de cisalhamento elevado, nos locais de lesão aterosclerótica vascular e fluxo sanguíneo perturbado e tem como consequência diminuição ou obstrução do calibre dos vasos dos diferentes órgãos podendo levar a eventos isquêmicos. As doenças cardiovasculares são consideradas as principais causas de morte no mundo. Nesse contexto, estima-se que a aterosclerose/aterotrombose seja a causa primária de doença arterial coronariana e acidente vascular cerebral representado mais de 50% das causas de mortes em países ocidentais . É sabido que a aterosclerose, primeiro evento que predispõe à aterotrombose, é considerada um processo inflamatório crônico, e que a utilização de antiinflamatórios não esteroidais (AINEs) COX-1, melhor estabilizam a estrutura da placa ateromatosa impedindo o rompimento e a consequente formação do trombo. Neste contexto, no presente trabalho foram obtidos de novos candidatos a fármacos com propriedades doadoras de NO e antiagregantes plaquetárias, através da estratégia de hibridação molecular dos AINEs contendo uma subunidade doadora de óxido nítrico, representada pelos furoxanos, e espaçada por uma subunidade N-acil hidrazônica. Dessa forma, a inibição da síntese de tromboxanos associada à doação de óxido nítrico permitiu atuação nas plaquetas através de um mecanismo múltiplo de ação com fins de diminuição da agregação plaquetária. Os produtos intermediários e finais apresentaram bons rendimentos e foram caracterizados por técnicas analíticas as quais predisseram que as estruturas propostas foram obtidas. Todos os compostos se como doadores de óxido nítrico. Os compostos 1a e 3a apresentaram atividade analgésica superior a dipirona, utilizada como controle. No ensaio de agregação plaquetária ―in vitro‖... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

Análise de desempenho de lâmpadas LEDs e LFCs como alternativas em iluminação residencial em função da implementação da portaria ministerial n° 1007 que limita o uso de lâmpadas incandescentes no Brasil

With the imposition of the suspension of production and subsequent banning of incandescent light bulbs will be necessary to replace it by other more energy-efficient. Although the main alternative is the compact fluorescent lamp, the environmental impact caused by it due to incorrect disposal and the amount of harmonics included in the network resulting in losses related to the quality of electric power system makes them sought new alternatives for lighting systems that are efficient and have low environmental impact. In this context, the LED (Lighting Emitting Diode), based on solid-state components, is presented as an option for new projects and replacement of existing lighting. In this work we studied aspects of energy, environmental and economic impacts of a possible replacement of conventional lighting systems for new technology. From laboratory tests and surveys of the costs of different types of lamps used for residential lighting, we performed a comparative analysis considering energy and economic aspects which showed that the LED technology, but has a high initial investment, it is best when power quality and environmental preservation are relevant factors in decision making for the choice of technology to be used in the lighting system

Análise de algoritmos computacionais utilizados em sistemas de planejamento de braquiterapia de alta taxa de dose: estudo comparativo com o Código MCNP-5C

In radiotherapy, computational systems are used for radiation dose determination in the treatment’s volume and radiometric parameters quality analysis of equipment and field irradiated. Due to the increasing technological advancement, several research has been performed in brachytherapy for different computational algorithms development which may be incorporated to treatment planning systems, providing greater accuracy and confidence in the dose calculation. Informatics and information technology fields undergo constant updating and refinement, allowing the use Monte Carlo Method to simulate brachytherapy source dose distribution. The methodology formalization employed to dosimetric analysis is based mainly in the American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM) studies, by Task Group nº 43 (TG-43) and protocols aimed at dosimetry of these radiation sources types. This work aims to analyze the feasibility of using the MCNP-5C (Monte Carlo N-Particle) code to obtain radiometric parameters of brachytherapy sources and so to study the radiation dose variation in the treatment planning. Simulations were performed for the radiation dose variation in the source plan and determined the dosimetric parameters required by TG-43 formalism for the characterization of the two high dose rate iridium-192 sources. The calculated values were compared with the presents in the literature, which were obtained with different Monte Carlo simulations codes. The results showed excellent consistency with the compared codes, enhancing MCNP-5C code the capacity and viability in the sources dosimetry employed in HDR brachytherapy. The method employed may suggest a possible incorporation of this code in the treatment planning systems provided by manufactures together with the equipment, since besides reducing acquisition cost, it can also make the used computational routines more comprehensive, facilitating the brachytherapy ...

Terapia fotodinâmica e luz branca: aspectos analíticos e perspectivas da viabilidade do tratamento

Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) is a technique used to treat several types of lesions, such as cancer, microbial control, and esthetic dentistry cases. The performance of PDT involves the use of a photosensitizer (PS), which mainly will be located in cancer cells and is irradiated with visible light. This process, when it occurs in the presence of oxygen triggers the formation of reactive oxygen species that are cytotoxic to cells. These species cause cell death and subsequent tumor necrosis. The use of white light as a light source for multispectral Photodynamic Therapy and its consequences to the photodynamic effect is not yet completely established, and therefore there is interest in studying the parameters involved for analyzing the best conditions for applying treatment. The wavelength is crucial to improve the therapeutic effect, since both the optical properties of the biological tissue as the PS depend on these parameters. For FS studied in this work (Photogem®) are most often used wavelengths in the red region, due to their larger penetration depth in biological tissue. Thus, the light source becomes a fundamental aspect, their choice depends on the specific application and is based on the tumor location, light dose to be delivered and FS chosen. Despite all the advantages presented by lasers, the fact of having an emission spectrum essentially monochrome makes only one possible transition possible for the absorption of FS is used. Therefore, more extensive light sources such as light emitting diodes (LED), could be better used in some cases the laser, with the additional advantage of a reduced cost. Therefore, the choice of the white LED comes from an emission spectrum that still wider LED colors defined by allowing greater use of the several absorption bands and with varying depths of operation, according to the wavelength... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Plano de iluminação externa da UNESP Campus Itapeva com base em LED e energia solar

This work presents the development of the External Lighting Plan UNESP in the Itapeva Campus based LED and Solar Energy. Firstly it was made a collection of data from measurements of the local transit through the Google Earth 6 software and divide the local in sectors, and then perform an analysis of characteristics and age of the site. With these data it was possible to determine the average luminance the place, in30 lux. After these procedures was possible to determine the type of sets that would perform the role of bridge lighting the kit chosen was the 20/20 Sun LED manufacturer, since it contains the luminaire with the solar panel to the pole. Therefore we determined the number of poles for each sector, whichwas72in total and. After the determination of the location of each point lighting

Poluição atmosférica e paisagem urbana no município de São Paulo

This paper proposes an analysis of two major polluting elements of the atmosphere of São Paulo city, carbon monoxide (CO) and sulfur dioxide (SO2). This study was performed through analysis of data on the quality of air, by means of published reports and records obtained by experiment using measuring rate monitor for CO2. Atmospheric data were collected and sorted. From this work it was possible to identify the concentration of carbon dioxide in the center of São Paulo on September 14, 2012 using the infrared gas analyzer (IRGA). From the ratios of carbon monoxide and sulfur dioxide spatially analyzed could identify major emitters by comparing records of pollutants and their origin. The analysis makes it possible to map the intensity of air pollution in urban areas, identifying the polluting elements, their issuers and thereby contributes to the current understanding of atmospheric features, bringing a geographical spatial analysis of air pollutants in São Paulo, contributing to awareness of vulnerabilities, enabling a useful tool for planning and maintenance of the urban environment related public policies

Viabilidade técnica e econômica na utilização de um sistema fotovoltaico para alimentação de luminárias LED na Faculdade de Engenharia do Campus de Guaratinguetá SP

Solar energy can be considered the largest source of energy available on earth and has attracted in recent decades, attention and interest for its rational use. The use of energy sources in a sustainable way is essential to the survival of future generations, due to the scarcity of natural resources and their exploitation in a disorderly way. This academic work aims to bring a possible alternative to reduce the consumption of eletrical energy, at the University of Engineering – Campus of Guaratinguetá, through the use of a photovoltaic system interconnected to the LED bulbs. For this, the necessary data for the design of the photovoltaic system componentes and their acquisition costs were obtained and three differents configurations were developed to choose the one that bests fits the studied case, considering the return time of the initial investment (payback)

Influência da luz LED em culturas de células-tronco mesenquimais in-vitro

Stem cells are defined as cells capable of self-renewal and differentiation into specialized cells when submited to external signalings in the enviroment. Among adult stem cells, mesenchymal cells occupy an important position because they can differentiate into mesodermal cells such as osteoblasts, adipocytes and chondrocytes. Cell therapy consists in the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in the treatment of degenerative diseases and harmed tissue reconstruction. Due to the longstanding and costly procedure for cultivation of MSC, it was proposed the use of low power light sources, such as light emitting diodes (LED), to optimize these factors. Recent works have shown a series of results from the influence of LED light on biological tissues such as increased rate of cell proliferation, increased RNA, DNA and ATP synthesis rate. The purpose of this study is to compare the biomodulator effect of LED light set at wavelengths 630nm ± 10nm and 805nm ± 10nm on the mesenchymal stem cells proliferation. For this, the mesenchymal stem cells culture adopted the procedure used in the Departament of Animal Reproduction and Veterinary Radiology of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences of Botucatu. MSC were obtained from an adult horse bone marrow, and isolated by density gradient separation, with the FICOLL reagent and by centrifugation. The pellet containing the stem cells was removed and these were placed in low glucose DMEM culture medium, containing 10% fetal calf serum and antibiotics. The material was observed daily by inverted microscopy for monitoring the progression of the cells and subsequently the amount of cells were counted in a Neubauer counting chamber. The amount of MSC was obtained by cell culture seeded in 24 wells culture plate and segregated into three distinct groups: Group 1 was irradiated with wavelength set at 630nm ± 10 nm, Group... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Análise multivariada de leucograma e da resposta de fase aguda em equinos acometidos por síndrome cólica de origem natural ou experimental

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FCAV

Respostas inflamatórias sistêmica, do casco e do cólon menor submetido à distensão em equinos

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FCAV

Caracterização e aplicação da Blenda PEDOT : PSS/PVA na construção de eletrodos transparentes e dispositivos eletroluminescentes

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Função pulmonar em indivíduos com SAOS antes e após o uso do CPAP: estudo randomizado duplo cego

Pós-graduação em Bases Gerais da Cirurgia - FMB