Analysis of artisanal fisheries in two reservoirs of the upper Paraná River basin (Southeastern Brazil)

We compared the artisanal fisheries, in terms of catch strategies, productivity, and gross per capita income, at two reservoirs: The Barra Bonita (an eutrophic reservoir with some introduced species), and the Jurumirim (an oligotrophic reservoir, with no introduced species). Published data and structured interviews with fishers were used to evaluate fishing activity, fish biomass, and the financial performance of the fisheries. In the Barra Bonita Reservoir we analysed data from 745 fishing trips, from which 86,691.9 kg of fish were landed, with a mean CPUE of 62.4 kg/fisher-1 day-1. The main type of fish caught was tilapia (71,513.5 kg; CPUE of 51.5 kg/fisher-1 day-1), which constituted 82.5% of the biomass caught. In the Jurumirim Reservoir, we analysed data from 2,401 fishing trips, from which 25,093.6 kg of fish were landed, with a mean CPUE of 10.4 kg/fisher-1 day-1. The main type of fish caught was traíra (6,158.6 kg; CPUE of 2.6 kg/fisher-1 day-1), which constituted 24.5% of the biomass caught. Ordination analysis (PCA) indicated that there was a difference in composition between the fishing reservoirs and ANCOVA showed that there was a significant difference in fish production between the reservoirs. A Student's t-test showed that fishers in the Barra Bonita Reservoir had a significantly higher gross per capita income than those from the Jurumirim Reservoir. Although the Barra Bonita Reservoir has a higher fish production and the fishers earn a higher gross per capita income, we recommend the Jurumirim Reservoir as a model for artisanal fishery management because fishing activity in this reservoir is viable in the long term and such a model would promote conservation and sustainability. This contrasts with the Barra Bonita Reservoir, in which the fishery is not viable in the long term, due to environmental problems caused by artificial eutrophication and the introduction of alien species. It is also noted that in many countries, management of fisheries based on exotic species has not been viable in the long term. © 2013 Sociedade Brasileira de Ictiologia.

Chromosomal diversification of diploid number, heterochromatin and rDNAs in two species of Phanaeus beetles (Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeinae)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Projeto de controladores robustos para sistemas sujeitos a falhas estruturais usando realimentação estática de saída

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Elétrica - FEIS

Teorias duais massivas de spin-2 em D=2+1 via ação mestra e imersão de Noether

Pós-graduação em Física - FEG

Análise do comportamento dinâmico de um rotor vertical através do método dos elementos finitos

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Suspensões de veículos - Um estudo de caso

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEG

Modelagem e controle de sistemas fuzzy Takagi-Sugeno

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Elétrica - FEIS

Temperatura ambiente e nutrição de codornas japonesas

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Severity of temporomandibular disorders in women: validity and reliability of the Fonseca Anamnestic Index

The aim of this study was to assess the validity and reliability of the Fonseca Anamnestic Index (IAF), used to assess the severity of temporomandibular disorders, applied to Brazilian women. We used a probabilistic sampling design. The participants were 700 women over 18 years of age, living in the city of Araraquara (SP). The IAF questionnaire was applied by telephone interviews. We conducted Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) using Chi-Square Over Degrees of Freedom (χ2/df), Comparative Fit Index (CFI), Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI), and Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) as goodness of fit indices. We calculated the convergent validity, the average variance extracted (AVE) and the composite reliability (CR). Internal consistency was assessed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient (α).The factorial weights of questions 8 and 10 were below the adequate values. Thus, we refined the original model and these questions were excluded. The resulting factorial model showed appropriate goodness of fit to the sample (χ2/df = 3.319, CFI = 0.978, TLI = 0.967, RMSEA = 0.058). The convergent validity (AVE = 0.513, CR = 0.878) and internal consistency (α = 0.745) were adequate. The reduced IAF version showed adequate validity and reliability in a sample of Brazilian women.

Soil microbial biomass after two years of the consecutive application of composted tannery sludge

Because the agricultural use of tannery sludge may cause increased risks to soils, composting is recognized as one of the most suitable alternative for tannery sludge recycling. Experiments were conducted under field conditions to evaluate the effects of composted tannery sludge (CTS) on the soil microbial biomass and trace elements after two years of consecutive applications. The following five treatments were used: 0 (without CTS application), 5, 10, 20 and 40 ton ha-1 of CTS (dry basis). Soil samples were collected at 60 days after the CTS application at 0-20 cm depth. The CTS application promoted changes in the soil microbial biomass C (SMB-C) and N (SMB-N). In the first year, significant increases in the SMB-C and SMB-N were observed with the application of 10 ton ha-1. Furthermore, CTS application increased the Cr content in the soil after two years of application.

Two species of swimming crabs of the genus Achelous (Crustacea, Brachyura): environmental requirements determining the niche

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Interference of Vaccinal Antibodies on Serological Diagnostic of Leptospirosis in Vaccinated Buffalo using Two Types of Commercial Vaccines

The vaccinal antibodies interference represents one of the problems in the leptospirosis diagnostic on serum. The present study aimed to determine the pattern of serum agglutinins anti-Leptospirae spp in vaccinated female buffaloes against leptospirosis using two types of commercial vaccines: bacterin and extern membrane. The temporal interference of vaccinal titers on serum diagnostic was evaluated. Three groups of 11 adult female buffaloes were established as follows: G1 control, non-vaccinated; G2: vaccinated with bacterin containing six serovars and G3 with extern membrane vaccine containing five serovars. A booster was administered at 30 days from the first vaccination (dfv) and two re- vaccinations were performed in each semester (days 210 and 390). Serum samples were collected on days 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 and every 30 days until 540 dfv, being submitted to Serum Agglutination Microscopy (SAM) against the serovars present in the vaccine. G1 remained always negative. Both vaccines induced serologic responses when assessed by SAM at 150 days post first vaccination against all serovars and they revealed maximum titers around days 45 and 60 after first vaccination. At the re-vaccination there was an increase on agglutinin levels, but of less intensity than the levels previously observed. After six months from the second revaccination (540 dfv), they were almost zero, which demonstrates the short duration of diagnostic interference. The serologic monitoring of the vaccinated herds can be an efficient method to evaluate the status of protection provided by the vaccine.

Regional 3D superimposition to assess temporomandibular joint condylar morphology

Objectives: To investigate the reliability of regional three-dimensional registration and superimposition methods for assessment of temporomandibular joint condylar morphology across subjects and longitudinally.Methods: The sample consisted of cone beam CT scans of 36 patients. The across-subject comparisons included 12 controls, mean age 41.3 +/- 12.0 years, and 12 patients with temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis, mean age 41.3 +/- 14.7 years. The individual longitudinal assessments included 12 patients with temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis, mean age 37.8 +/- 16.7 years, followed up at pre-operative jaw surgery, immediately after and one-year post-operative. Surface models of all condyles were constructed from the cone beam CT scans. Two previously calibrated observers independently performed all registration methods. A landmark-based approach was used for the registration of across-subject condylar models, and temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis vs control group differences were computed with shape analysis. A voxel-based approach was used for registration of longitudinal scans calculated x, y, z degrees of freedom for translation and rotation. Two-way random intraclass correlation coefficients tested the interobserver reliability.Results: Statistically significant differences between the control group and the osteoarthritis group were consistently located on the lateral and medial poles for both observers. The interobserver differences were <= 0.2 mm. For individual longitudinal comparisons, the mean interobserver differences were <= 0.6 mm in translation errors and 1.2 degrees in rotation errors, with excellent reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient >0.75).Conclusions: Condylar registration for across-subjects and longitudinal assessments is reliable and can be used to quantify subtle bony differences in the three-dimensional condylar morphology.