Mild diabetes models and their maternal-fetal repercussions

The presence of diabetes in pregnancy leads to hormonal and metabolic changes making inappropriate intrauterine environment, favoring the onset of maternal and fetal complications. Human studies that explore mechanisms responsible for changes caused by diabetes are limited not only for ethical reasons but also by the many uncontrollable variables. Thus, there is a need to develop appropriate experimental models. The diabetes induced in laboratory animals can be performed by different methods depending on dose, route of administration, and the strain and age of animal used. Many of these studies are carried out in neonatal period or during pregnancy, but the results presented are controversial. So this paper, addresses the review about the different models of mild diabetes induction using streptozotocin in pregnant rats and their repercussions on the maternal and fetal organisms to propose an adequate model for each approached issue. © 2013 D. C. Damasceno et al.

Floral induction of mango 'Tommy Atkins' at submedio São Francisco Region, Brazil

Irregular production is a major problem in mango. In an attempt to overcome irregular bearing, effects of two antigibberellins on flowering were evaluated, uniconazole (0.25 g of active ingredient per meter of canopy tree diameter) and paclobutrazol (1.0 g of active ingredient per meter of canopy tree diameter). Treatments were applied as a soil drench using 2 L of solution per tree, in a commercial orchard of 'Tommy Atkins' mango. Treatments were applied after the second vegetative flush commenced, subsequent to pruning. Branch growth was evaluated every 30 days after treatment application up to a maximum period of 90 days. The flowering percentage was recorded at 130 days. Ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) as a foliar spray (concentration of 0.75%) was applied five times at seven day intervals from 95 to 100 days after treatment application as a dormancy breaking treatment. It was found that both paclobutrazol (PBZ) and uniconazole (UCZ) significantly inhibited the development of vegetative growth compared to the control. Both treatments resulted in identical rates of flowering shoots, 87%; based on results, it can be concluded that the application of antigibberellins (PBZ and UCZ) inhibit vegetative development in mango 'Tommy Atkins', and promote high levels of flowering. Additional tests are being carried out in other farms to confirm these findings, for different cultivars and seasons. © ISHS 2013.

Organically produced coffee exerts protective effects against the micronuclei induction by mutagens in mouse gut and bone marrow

While researchers have extensively evaluated the beneficial effects of coffee consumption in reducing the frequency of certain diseases, studies examining the differences between organic and conventional coffee intake are still needed. Therefore, this paper aims to investigate the functional effects of organic and conventional coffee by examining both its chemical composition and its mutagenic/antimutagenic properties. Infusions of 10% or 20% (w/v) of organic and conventional coffee were administered by gavage (10 mL/kg b.w., once or twice a day) to male Swiss mice against doxorubicin (DXR) and 1,2-dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride (DMH)-induced mutagenicity. The levels of chlorogenic acids, caffeine and trigonelline from the coffee infusions and oxidative stress analysis from the liver were measured by HPLC. Gut and bone marrow micronucleus assays were used as mutagenic/antimutagenic endpoints, as well as the crypt measurements and gut apoptosis index. The in vivo tests revealed that only organic coffee exerted protective effects, despite oxidative stress analysis and crypt measurements not showing differences among treatments. Intriguingly, the low dose (10% w/v mL/kg) displayed a robust protective effect that showed a significant reduction in bone marrow micronuclei (26.8%), gut micronuclei (11.5%) and apoptosis (27.8%), whereas the higher coffee dose (2 × 20% w/v) only showed a protective effect against bone marrow micronucleus (43.7%). These results highlight that organic coffee could be considered to have beneficial functional effects, although it is still a challenge to define conclusions from analytical data and all the possible interactions from this complex food matrix. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Leaf senescence in tomato mutants as affected by irradiance and phytohormones

We explored the interaction between radiation of different wavelength and jasmonic acid (JA) or brassinosteroids (BR) on leaf senescence-induced oxidative stress. Three approaches were used: 1) jasmonic acid insensitive1-1 (jai1-1) and brassinosteroid-deficient [dumpy (dpy)] mutants were treated with red (R) or far-red (FR) radiation; 2) phytochromedeficient aurea (au) and high pigment-1 (hp-1) (radiation exaggerated response) mutants were treated with methyl jasmonate (MeJA) or epibrassinolide (epiBL); and 3) double mutants au jai1-1 and au dpy were produced. Leaf chlorophyll content, lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant enzyme activities were determined. After senescence induction in detached leaves, we verified that the patterns of chlorophyll degradation of hormonal and photomorphogenic mutants were not significantly different in comparison with original cv. Micro-Tom (MT). Moreover, there was no significant change in lipid peroxidation measured as malondialdehyde (MDA) production, as well as catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and glutathione reductase (GR) activities in the hormonal mutants. Exogenous BR increased CAT and APX activities in MT, au, and hp-1. As concerns the double mutants, severe reduction in H2O2 production which was not accompanied by changes in MDA content, and CAT and APX activities was observed during senescence in au dpy. The results suggest that JA and BR do not participate in light signaling pathway during leaf senescence-induced oxidative stress. © 2013 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht.

Determinação de resíduo hormonal na carcaça de tilápia do nilo (Oreochromis niloticus) após reversão sexual

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Avaliação hormonal adrenocortical em cães com infecção natural por Ehrlichia canis

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Avaliação hematológica, bioquimica e hormonal em equinos submetidos à atividade de policiamento sob influência da suplementação de vitamina E, selênio e cromo

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FMVZ

Estudo clínico e molecular de pacientes com displasia septo-ótica ou deficiência hormonal hipofisária (gene HESX1 e PROP1)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Metodologia de busca para gene de componente hormonal em Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri, bactéria causadora do cancro cítrico

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Efeitos do laser e da terapia fotodinâmica no tratamento periodontal de ratas ovariectomizadas, com ou sem reposição hormonal: estudo histomorfométrico e imunoistoquímico

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Estratégias hormonais para aumentar a taxa de prenhez em novilhas nelore pré-púberes

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Análise comparativa por meio da densidade óptica radiográfica entre o grau de osteopenia induzida pela fenitoína e ausência hormonal em ratos

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Avaliação hormonal, eletrolítica e eletrocardiográfica de cadelas em eutocia e distocia

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FCAV

Avaliação ultra-sonográfica, perfil hormonal e imunoistoquímica de estrógeno e progesterona durante o ciclo estral em vacas Nelore(Bos taurus indicus)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Efeito da terapia hormonal sobre o equilíbrio postural em mulheres na pós-menopausa

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)