203 resultados para Doenças respiratórias


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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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Este trabalho analisa as doenças diagnosticadas pelo povo, as plantas medicinais empregadas em sua cura, os remédios utilizados, a medicina religiosa do candomblé, umbanda e catimbó e a fitoterapia no passado.

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Pós-graduação em Fisiopatologia em Clínica Médica - FMB

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Pós-graduação em Odontologia - FOAR

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Pós-graduação em Química - IQ

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Pós-graduação em Enfermagem (mestrado profissional) - FMB

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The present invention relates to phthalimide derivatives of non-steroidal and/or TNF-+- modulating anti-inflammatory compounds as well as the process of obtaining the so-called derivatives, pharmaceutical compositions containing such derivatives and their uses, including use in the treatment of inflammatory diseases, especially those related to chronic inflammatory processes, such as rheumatoid arthritis and intestinal inflammatory diseases (for instance, Chron's disease) and the use of the referred to pharmaceutical compositions as antipyretic, analgesic and platelet antiaggregating medications.

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A presente invenção se refere ao processo de obtenção de compostos derivados de anti-inflamatórios esteróides (AIEs) e de talidomida com propriedades anti-inflamatórias, analgésicas e imunossupressoras úteis no tratamento de processos inflamatórios. A presente invenção se refere também as composições farmacêuticas contendo tais compostos e seus usos na fabricação de medicamentos para o tratamento de doenças inflamatórias principalmente aquelas relacionadas a processos inflamatórios crônicos.

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A presente invenção se refere ao uso de compostos derivados ftalimídicos e/ou sulfonamídicos com propriedades doadoras de óxido nítrico, os quais apresentam importantes atividades no aumento da expressão gênica de gama globina e atividades antiinflamatórias e analgésicas, potenciais ao tratamento de doenças hematológicas em que há a necessidade de diminuição dos níveis do fator TNF-<244> e a necessidade de uma fonte exógena de óxido nítrico. Mais particularmente, a presente invenção descreve o uso de tais derivados ftalimídicos e/ou sulfonamídicos para o tratamento de anemia falciforme. A invenção também apresenta como característica inovadora, a descrição de novos derivados ftalimídicos funcionalizados, desenhados a partir dos protótipos talidomida e hidroxiuréia e planejados racionalmente através da estratégia de hibridação molecular para o tratamento das doenças citadas. A invenção apresenta ainda um novo método de obtenção de um derivado sulfonamídico específico que pode ser utilizado na preparação de um medicamento para tratamento de doenças em que há a necessidade de diminuição dos níveis do fator TNF-<244> e a necessidade de uma fonte exógena de óxido nítrico.

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Preparation and use of phthalimide and/or sulphonamide derivatives with nitric oxide donor properties, having activities in increasing gamma-globin gene expression and anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities, effective in the treatment of hematologic diseases which require reducing the TNF-[alpha] levels and an exogenous source of nitric oxide, such as sickle-cell disease. The functionalized phthalimide derivatives are designed from the prototypes thalidomide and hydroxyurea.

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Subarachnoid infusion of most contrast mediums and the steps involved in performing a cervical myelography have adverse affects that can discourage its use in the radiographic diagnosis of spinal cord diseases. Thus, the cardiovascular and respiratory alterations associated with neck flexion, subarachnoid puncture, and cerebrospinal fluid drainage during subarachnoid infusion of ioversol (320mgI/mL) in dogs under general anesthesia using isoflurane were evaluated. The dogs received subarachnoid infusion of autologous cerebrospinal fluid kept at 38°C - control group (GC); ioversol 0.3mL/kg at 25°C (GI25) and ioversol 0.3mL/kg heated to 38°C (GI38). Each dog had its heart rate (HR), systolic arterial pressure (SAP), diastolic arterial pressure (DAP), respiratory rate (RR), oxyhemoglobin saturation (SaO2) and electrocardiography readings (PR and QT intervals) recorded. Group comparisons showed no statistical difference regarding neck positioning, subarachnoid puncture, and subarachnoid infusion of contrast medium on HR, RR and SaO2, cardiac rhythm or conduction. However, isoflurane significantly increased PR and QT intervals. Based on these findings, it is concluded that the steps involved in cervical myelography and the use of ioversol 320mgI/mL at 0.3mL/kg (25ºC and 38ºC) during cervical myelography did not result in relevant cardiovascular and respiratory alterations, except for an elevation in arterial pressure after injection of ioversol.

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The Tahiti lime appears very susceptible to attack by post-harvest diseases, primarily by the fungi Penicillium and Phomopsis, and also because of its high sensitivity to storage at low temperatures. In order to reduce such damage, the present study aimed to verify the efficiency of heat treatment and disinfection of pathogens in the prevention of post-harvest chilling injury of this cultivar and to compare this treatment with other products using the conventional fungicides. The heat treatments were studied with hot-water temperatures ranging between 48 and 56° C. Water at room temperature was used as a control treatment. After treatment, the fruits were kept under cold temperature at 10° C and RH 90% for about 45 days. For comparison, three other treatments were carried out simultaneously, one using imazalil, one with baking soda, and a third with sodium carbonate, these three products being applied by baths in cold water. Two groups of fruit were evaluated, one treated by immersion considering pathogens coming from the field and another by inoculation with spores of the previously isolated pathogens. For the evaluation of physical and chemical parameters of fruits, determinations were made of the skin color, texture, weight loss, size, juice yield, soluble solids, total acidity and vitamin C content. The determination of the sensitivity of the fruit to cold was made by their exposure at temperatures inducing cold damage. The design was a randomized block design with nine treatments, analyzed by the Statgraphics statistical package. Heat treatments, especially at 52° C, were shown to be more promising in the control of pathogenic fungi and cold damage, surpassing the conventional fungicides. No changes were found in the intrinsic and extrinsic parameters in relation to the application of the different treatments.

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The purpose of this study envisaged the quantification of skin and respiratory exposures occasioned by work conditions during pesticide spraying of citrus fruits using hand gun sprayers; the evaluation of the efficiency of individual and group protection measures for the workers; the determination of workers' most exposed body regions; and the classification of work conditions, with and without the tested work-safety protection measures as recommended for the registered pesticides used to control the main pests and diseases that attack these types of trees and fruits. The AZR protection equipment proved to be the most efficient for the tractor driver, when spraying using pistol sprayers. The two sets of individual protection equipment that were checked also proved to be efficient. The most exposed regions of the tractor driver's body were the thighs, the front of the legs, the feet and hands. The most exposed regions of the individual sprayer working on foot were the hands and feet.

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The objectives of this study were: a) to quantify dermal and respiratory exposure resulting from work conditions in the application of pesticides on citrus crops using a air-assisted sprayer and by preparing the spray in a tank with a capacity of2.000 L; b) to evaluate the measures of individual protection for these workers; c) to determine the areas of the worker's body most exposed; and d) to classify the work conditions with and without the protective measures tested, with regard to the occupational safety of the recommendations for the pesticides used in controlling the main pests and diseases of this crop. It was shown that for the tractor driver and sprayer operator applyng pesticides on citrus trees, the most efficient protective measures were the AZR ensemble and the Real cabin. The AZR ensemble was effective in controlling exposure of the spray preparer, because it was sufficient to turn work conditions from unsafe to safe. The area of the body most exposed under the two work conditions studied was the hands of the workers.

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O objetivo foi descrever a mortalidade entre idosos em Araraquara (SP), no período de 2006 a 2011. Estudo epidemiológico descritivo, tendo como fontes de dados o Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade e a Fundação Sistema Estadual de Análise de Dados. Foi calculada razão entre coeficientes de mortalidade por ponto (R) e por intervalo de 95% de confiança (IC95%). Observou-se mais de 60% dos idosos com nível baixo de escolaridade, sendo que 76% faleceram em hospitais. Entre 2006 e 2008, as diferenças foram estatisticamente significantes entre homens e mulheres, predominando as doenças circulatórias com R = 1,41 (IC95%:1,24-1,58), respiratórias com R = 1,49 (IC95%:1,22-1,76) e neoplasias com R = 1,79 (IC95%: 1,40-2,18). Entre 2009 e 2011, obteve-se, para as causas circulatórias R = 1,18 (IC95%:1,03-1,33), sendo significativas as diferenças para as respiratórias com R = 1,33 (IC95%:1,11-1,55) e câncer sendo R = 1,94 (IC95%:1,53-2,35). O diabetes mellitus e as causas externas apareceram, respectivamente, como quarta e quinta causas de mortes mais frequentes na população idosa. O padrão de mortalidade encontrado ressalta a importância de ações voltadas à redução das principais causas de morte, como o incremento da cobertura da vacina contra a influenza e o controle da hipertensão arterial e do diabetes mellitus.