Mecanismos de toxicidade dos metabólitos do fipronil, dessulfinil e sulfona, em mitocôndrias isoladas de fígado de rato

Pós-graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia Animal - FEIS

Staphylococcal enterotoxins: molecular aspects and detection methods

Members of the Staphylococcus genus, especially Staphylococcus aureus, are the most common pathogens found in hospitals and in community-acquired infections. Some of their pathogenicity is associated with enzyme and toxin production. Until recently, S. aureus was the most studied species in the genus; however, in last few years, the rise of infections caused by coagulase-negative staphylococci has pointed out the need for further studies on virulence factors that have not yet been completely elucidated so as to better characterize the pathogenic potential of this group of microorganisms. Several staphylococcal species produce enterotoxins, a family of related proteins responsible for many diseases, such as the toxic-shock syndrome, septicemia and food poisoning. To this date, 23 different enterotoxin types have been identified besides toxic-shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1), and they can be divided into five phylogenetic groups. The mechanism of action of these toxins includes superantigen activity and emetic properties, which can lead to biological effects of infection. Various methods can detect genes that encode enterotoxins and their production. Molecular methods are the most frequently used at present. This review article has the objective to describe aspects related to the classification, structure and regulation of enterotoxins and toxic-shock syndrome toxin-1 detection methods.

Alimentos tóxicos para cães e gatos

Pet animals are closer to their owners and for this reason erroneously share the same alimentation. Several substances can cause intoxication or poisoning in dogs and cats, being many of those also found in human food. Some foods that are edible for humans or even to other animal species can be risky for dogs and cats due to different metabolic pathways, and further damage can be caused depending on the amount or concentration consumed. Poisoning in animals occur intentionally or accidentally in the household of its owner, occurring acute onset of clinical signs. Thus, the objective of this review was to present the food products for humans that cannot be given to dogs and cats as well as clinical signs characteristic of a toxicosis, also demonstrating the therapy for the damage created by consumption of those substances. This review explores the mechanisms of action and clinical signs of toxicosis caused by chocolate, xylitol, macadamia nuts, onions, garlic, grapes and raisins, avocado, alcoholic beverages and milk.

Capacidade de adesão, invasão e produção de enterotoxinas de Staphylococcus aureus isolados de leite de vacas com mastite subclínica e leite humano de um banco de leite

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)