Propriedades físicas de um Nitossolo Vermelho em função dos sistemas de uso e manejo

O solo, um dos principais suportes da produção agrícola tem seu comportamento regido por um complexo conjunto de fatores físicos, químicos e biológicos, razão pela qual o presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar as modificações dos atributos físicos de um Nitossolo Vermelho distroférrico com diferentes manejos, na Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas - UNESP, Campus de Botucatu, São Paulo, Brasil. O delineamento estatístico foi inteiramente casualizado, com seis repetições em três diferentes áreas, sendo uma área de mata nativa, uma área com sistema de preparo convencional do solo e uma área com plantio direto. Foram determinados: matéria orgânica, argila natural, porosidade total, macroporosidade, densidade do solo, resistência à penetração e diâmetro médio ponderado dos agregados. O sistema de preparo convencional apresentou os menores teores de matéria orgânica na camada até 0,20 m. Na resistência à penetração não houve diferença entre os tratamentos. Para as cinco profundidades do sistema de preparo convencional observaram-se maior densidade e teor de argila natural em comparação aos outros sistemas. O sistema de preparo convencional diferiu dos demais tratamentos quanto ao diâmetro médio ponderado, porosidade total e macroporosidade apresentando os menores valores desses atributos.

Biorremediação de solo contaminado com óleo lubrificante pela aplicação de diferentes soluções de surfactante químico e biossurfactante produzido por Pseudomonas aeruginosa LBI

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Alterações nas propriedades físicas de um latossolo vermelho-escuro sob diferentes culturas

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Propriedades físicas de latossolo e argissolo em função de práticas de manejo aplicadas na entrelinha da cultura da seringueira (Hevea brasiliensis)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Morfometria, umidade do solo e risco de erosão laminar da microbacia do córrego pimenta da fazenda São Manuel

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Recuperação de áreas degradadas por erosão hídrica em propriedades produtoras de café nos municípios de Getulina e Vera Cruz - SP

The Paulista West region has suffered through the decades an intense process of deforestation when substituting native areas of Atlantic rainforest and Cerrado by agricultural cultivation, mainly coffee in the 20th century. This occupation process without planning and management of the soil resulted in serious erosion problems. Besides, the soil erosion promoted the reduction of agricultural production and the silting of rivers. This paper aims identify the factors of natural scope (geological, geomorphologic and pedologic characteristics) which participate in unleash of erosion process in two agricultural properties producers of coffee in order to apply mechanical techniques of recovery in erosive focuses of furrow and ravine kinds. One of the properties is at the city council of Getulina, located on the sandstones of Adamantina Formation; the other is at the city council of Vera Cruz, located on the sandstones of Marília Formation. However, taking into consideration the analysis of the natural dynamics, they are not enough to explain the complexity of the phenomena which are processed in the geographic space. It made indispensable the incorporation of socio-economic factors, such as the use and occupation process of the soil considering the society as landscape transformers. In order to better understand the importance of each one of the elements that contributes to the unleash of the studied erosions, it was collected soil samples in the areas, general descriptions and texture and morphologic analysis. Finally, it was elaborated the maps of the use and occupation of the soil and the vegetal coverage surrounding the properties studied. It was observed in the rural property of Getulina the substitution of the coffee by pasture that finds degraded. It, in addition to the cattle stomp, which changed the texture and density characteristics among the soil horizons, and the concentration of superficial water flow intensified the occurrence of ...

Utilização de melaço, manipueira e soro de queijo como substratos para produção de biossurfactante por Bacillus Pumilus e sua aplicação em biorremediação de solo

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Diversidade de algas verdes em crostas biológicas de solo do cerrado

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Desenvolvimento de filmes biodegradáveis à base de zeína, caracterização das propriedades funcionais e estruturais e avaliação do uso como cobertura na conservação das características físico-químicas do queijo Minas padrão

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Recolhimento mecanizado do café em função do manejo do solo e da declividade do terreno

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Consumo de combustível de um trator agrícola no preparo do solo para a cultura do algodão irrigado em função da pressão de inflação nos pneus

Currently, the efficiency in field operations and the increased productivity of crops is only possible with the use of agricultural machinery and equipment. This intensification of mechanized activities in agriculture, however, led to higher energy costs on farms mainly in the fuel consumption of agricultural tractors. The objective was to compare the fuel consumption of a tractor on tillage operations for irrigated cotton in semi-arid region varying two tire inflation pressures. The tests were conducted in Maricopa Agricultural Center (MAC), an experimental farm belonging to The University of Arizona using a 4x2 TDA Case tractor equipped with a 88kw autopilot system. The results showed lower values in the hourly fuel consumption by using the minimum tire inflation pressure of 124 kPa for all tillage equipment used.

Capacidade de suporte de carga e densidade do solo em áreas de plantio direto com e sem escarificação

No-till has been used in many different regions of Brazil. However, depending on the location and intensity of machinery traffic, this has caused the problem of soil compaction and many producers are scarification the land as a solution to break through the layer that is restricting plant growth. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of scarification (0.30 m) in the physical properties of a dystrophic Alfisol comparing the results with a non-scarified contiguous area; both were previously conducted using no-till. The density and pressure of pre-consolidation were sampled in two areas of non-tillage, one with chiseling (PDCE) and one without (PDSE) by using the UMAS -Mobile Soil Sampling Unit built by NEMPA – Agroforestry Machinery and Tire Testing Center/FCA / UNESP, Botucatu ,SP. The UMAS is equipped with GPS which allows the samples to be georeferenced. The samples were evaluated in the laboratory through the collection of standardized rings. Sampling was performed at a dimension of 15 x 50 m, with 160 rings being collected. The samples containing rings which were used in determining the density and also for testing the consolidometer, were collected from the layers of 0 to 0.10 m, 0.10 to 0.20 m, 0.20 to 0.30 0.30 to I 0.40 m. For the odometer test the undisturbed sample rings were used in obtaining the load bearing capacity of the soil. The soil management adopted provided a decrease in soil density using no-tillage with scarification depths from 0.0 to 0.10 0.10 to 0.20 m while the other depths did not show any decrease. The pre-consolidation pressure in combination with soil aggregate resistance identified that the management process PDCE within all layers was subjected to water content reliability regarding a greater load bearing capacity of the soil. For the PDSE that only was possible in the 0 to 0.10 m, showing greater consolidation of this layer.

Avaliação de um sensor de resistencia eletrica e sua correlação com atributos do solo

The electrical measures of the soil have been used as variables that correlate with its characteristics. This study aimed at developing an electrical capacitance sensor of low cost, to evaluate its performance on the field and verify the correlation between the measurements of electrical capacitance with physical properties (sand, silt and clay) and chemical properties of soil (pH, MO, P resin, H + Al, K, Ca, Mg, SB, CTC and V%) and the moisture content. The data sampling was performed at the farm named "Capão da Onça" which belongs to the State University of Ponta Grossa. The samples collection was conducted in an area of approximately 13 hectares, totalizing 81 samples. In each sampling the electrical capacitance of the soil was measured. After the sensor withdrawal, soil samples were collected and sent to be analysed in the laboratory of the College of Agronomics Science of the Paulista State University. The measuring instrument used to collect data on electric capacitance of the soil a digital multimeter was used. The data were submitted to the analysis of correlation and regression. The developed system presented a low cost and it was capable to measuring variation of the electrical capacitance of the soil. The obtained measures satisfactorily correlated with the levels of clay and sand, and weakly with the moisture content. This had demonstrated the possibility to use a sensor to verify the soil texture in not homogeneous areas. The measures of the electrical capacitance of the soil obtained by the sensor had significantly correlated with the soil attributes: calcium, magnesium, pH, SB and CTC. These results had demonstrated the possibility to use a sensor for soil fertility control.

Análise Espacial Multivariada Aplicada na Avaliação da Fertilidade do Solo

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Emissão de gases de efeito estufa e estoque de carbono no solo em função do manejo e correção de acidez

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)