Diagnóstico da qualidade da água da microbacia do Córrego da Aldeia em Fernandópolis-SP

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Civil - FEIS

Clareamento para dentes despolpados: revisão de literatura e considerações

The esthetics of the teeth is not a privilege of our days, because concerns in that effect have been reported since 1860. Faced with an endodontically treated tooth that presents any type of color change, professionals can use intracoronary bleaching, which is more conservative attempt to restore the normal color of teeth. Bleaching aims to remove pigments by oxidizing agents and for that, various techniques were developed. Among the risks of tooth whitening the external resorption is the most severe, which occurs when the whitening penetrates through the dentin tubules to the periodontal ligament and initiates an inflammatory response. To prevent external resorption is required to place an intracoronal bleaching barrier. It is important to know the time between the bleaching treatment for restoring procedure for getting a good sealing to prevent microleakage. This study aims to review the literature about the different types of bleaching agents and their risks.

CLSM assessment of tubule penetration and bacterial leakage evaluation of two resin-based sealer

Aim: The aims of this study were to assess the penetration of two endodontic sealers (salicylate and epoxy resin-based sealers) into dentinal tubules using CLSM; and to evaluate the bacterial leakage of roots filled with the same sealers associated with gutta-percha. Material and Methods: For sealer penetrability assessment, thirty bovine roots were instrumented and divided into three groups: AHP: EDTA + filling with AH Plus and gutta-percha (n=10), MTAF: EDTA + filling with MTA Fillapex and gutta-percha (n=10), control group: canals were not irrigated with EDTA and were filled with gutta-percha and AH Plus (n=5) or MTA Fillapex (n=5). Rhodamine B was added to the sealers in order to provide adequate fluorescence. The roots were transversely sectioned 3mm from the apex to enable CLSM analysis. Leakage was evaluated for turbidity of the broth in a split chamber model system for 30 days, using Enterococcus faecalis as a microbial marker. Thirty roots were instrumented and divided in four grupos: AHP: filling with AH Plus and gutta-percha (n=10); MTAF: filling with MTA Fillapex and gutta-percha (n=10); positive control: filling with gutta-percha without sealer (n = 5); negative control: sealing with cyanoacrylate to test the seal of the system (n = 5). Results: The medians for dentinal tubule penetration were 6.8% (AHP) and 6.6% (MTAF) (P = 0.82). The average time for bacterial leakage was 8 days in both experimental groups (P = 0.79). Conclusion: MTA Fillapex and AH Plus presented similar behavior regarding dentinal tubule penetration and bacterial leakage.

Avaliação in vitro do pH do hidróxido de cálcio usado como medicação intracanal em associação com clorexidina e racealfatocoferol

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the pH of calcium hydroxide (CalenTM) when associated or not with chlorhexidine 0.4%, and when associated with chlorhexidine with the addition of 20% or 10% of alphatocopherol (AchéTM), assessed in several periods of time. Methods: Fourty dentine tubes 20 mm, properly standardized, were made from bovine anterior teeth roots. Following, a perforation was achieved in the roots distal face at 7 mm from the cervical radicular line by using a #1/2 carbide bur. After complete root sealing is made, except in the perforation local, the radicular canals were filled with one of the following associations: Group I – Calen®; Group II – Calen™ with chlorehxidine at 0.4%; Group III – Calen™ with chlorhexidine at 0.4% with the addition of 20% (weight) of alhatocopherol compound and Group IV – Calen™ with chlorhexidine at 0.4% with the addition of 10% (weight) alphatocopherol. After cervical sealing is accomplished, the roots were immersed in water MiliQ and the pH, assessed in 24h, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 45 days. Results and Conclusion: In all periods tested, the pH of the calcium hydroxide (Calen™) was similar to the pH of the calcium hydroxide (Calen™) associated with chlorhexidine 0.4% and 10% alphatocopherol (p > 0.05). The association of 20% alphatocopherol obtained the pH lower than the association with 10% (p < 0.05). The pH of the association with chlorhexidine was similar to the pure calcium hydrocide (Calen™) after the 14th day (p > 0.05) only. Therefore, on the 45th day, this difference was significant again (p < 0.05).

Avaliação da capacidade de vedamento e pH do tampão apical com cimento Portland branco acrescido de radiopacificadores convencionais

The Portland cement has shown similar biological properties to calcium hydroxide, but its radiopacity is lower. Therefore, the addition of materials that minimize this deficiency should be considered. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the apical sealing ability and pH of a white Portland cement added of several radiopacifying agents. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Forty bovine roots with incomplete apices were selected, and the foraminal openings were standardized to PM 720G bur. After the external root sealing, an apical intracanal barrier 10.0 mm thick was executed with the white Portland cement powder, pure or added of a radiopacifying agent (iodoform, zinc oxide or bismuth subnitrate), and distilled water (0.37 mL). The apical roots were immersed 24h in water in humid atmosphere, and after that they were immersed 24h in 2% Rhodamine B, under vacuum. In sequence, the roots were longitudinally sectioned, the root fragments were photographed, the images were digitalized and the apical infiltration was measured by the Image Tool program. The pH solutions were also evaluated, in 24h and 48h and 7 and 30 days. Data were submitted to Anova test. RESULTS: The zinc oxide solution has the lowest apical infiltration in relation to the other groups (p < 0.05). The pH behavior varied during the analysis, and in the period of 24h all groups showed the highest values (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The type of radiopacifying agent used interferes in the sealing ability of the apical barrier, and zinc oxide showed to be the most beneficial one. The pH varies according to the period of analysis, and the highest values were obtained in the first 24h (p < 0.05).

Avaliação do pH, da solubilidade e da infiltração marginal em retrobturações com o Sealer 26 puro ou acrescido de iodofórmio

Sealer 26® cement contains bisphenol epoxy resin associated with calcium hydroxide, presenting smaller radiopacity than other endodontic cements. Aiming to improve this property, iodoform has been added in its composition. However, this addition's possible changes in physical and chemical properties still need to be studied. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the apical sealing ability, solubility, and pH of Sealer 26® alone or with iodoform, at several proportions. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Three experimental mixtures of Sealer 26®, alone or with iodoform, were prepared and subjected to solubility test. Additionally, these combinations were inserted into polyethylene tubes and immersed in distilled water, and, their pH was evaluated after 24-h and 7-day periods. Subsequently, forty roots of extracted lower incisors subdivided into four groups of 10 specimens each, were retrograde filled with one of the previously described mixtures and gutta-percha points. The roots were immersed in Rhodamine B, under vacuum, for 72 hours. After this period, the specimens were longitudinally sectioned, root fragments photographed, these images scanned, and apical infiltration measured by Image tool software. The obtained data were subjected to statistical analysis, at a significance level of 5%. RESULTS: Marginal leakage and solubility tests did not show any difference among the experimental groups (p > 0.05). pH analysis was only statistically different at 24-h period and between Sealer 26® alone and 1.1g iodoform group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The presence of iodoform in Sealer 26®, at the used proportions, did not alter the solubility, apical marginal leakage and pH properties of the original cement.

The effect of final irrigation on the penetrability of an epoxy resin-based sealer into dentinal tubules: a confocal microscopy study

Introduction The aim of this study was to compare the effect of QMix, BioPure MTAD, 17 % EDTA, and saline on the penetrability of a resin-based sealer into dentinal tubules using a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) and to describe the cleaning of root canal walls by SEM. Methods Eighty distobuccal roots from upper molars were selected and randomly divided into four groups (n=20) before root canal preparation according to the solution used in the final rinse protocol (FRP): QG (QMix), MG (BioPure MTAD), EG (17 % EDTA), and CG (control group: saline). Ten roots of each group were prepared for SEM, and images (×2000) from the canal walls were acquired. The remaining canals were filled with a single gutta-percha cone and AH Plus with 0.1 % Rhodamine B. The specimens were horizontally sectioned at 4 mm from the apex, and the slices were analyzed in CLSM (×10). Sealer penetration was analyzed with Adobe Photoshop software. Results QG and EG presented similar amounts of sealer penetration (P>.05). MG and CG presented the lowest penetrability values (P<.05). The best results for smear layer removal of the apical third of the root canal were achieved by the QG and EG groups when compared with MG and CG (P<.05). Conclusions Seventeen percent EDTA and QMix promoted sealer penetration superior to that achieved by BioPure MTAD and saline. Clinical relevance Despite studies have not confirmed the relationship between sealing ability of endodontic sealers and their penetration in dentinal tubules, sealer penetration assumes importance, since endodontic sealers, unlike guttapercha, are able to penetrate in dentinal tubules, isthmus, and accessory canals, filling the root canal system.

Evaluación comparativa in vitro de la capacidad de sellado del sistema de conductos radiculares por diferentes técnicas

The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro the sealing ability of the root canal using different techniques: cold lateral compaction, modified Hybrid Tagger, Thermafil and System B. Material and methods. Were used 116 human single-roots, included in resin blocks, sectioned longitudinally, attached to a device with screws and divided into four groups (n=29). After instrumentation using a bur, depression was made in each third of the root canal in each of the halves. Teeth were filled upon the different techniques. For evaluation of the quality, pictures were taken with a 1.5X magnification, photos and radiographs were utilized. After statistical analysis, were performed both macroscopic and radiographic evaluation, by Chi-square test (χ2). Results. The Thermafil technique showed better results in terms of sealing capacity, failures and homogeneity followed by modified Hybrid Tagger, the System B and cold lateral compaction. Conclusions. Thermafil was the technique that shown to be macroscopic, radiographic and homogeneously best over the other techniques evaluated in regard to the filling of the depressions made (AU)

Influence of Sealer Placement Technique on the Quality of Root Canal Filling by Lateral Compaction or Single Cone

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Influência do tratamento expectante sobre propriedades acidogênicas e acidúricas de Streptococcus mutans e LLactobacillus acidophilus

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Avaliação da resposta tecidual e capacidade de mineralização de cimentos que contém compostos biocerâmicos, resinosos e com hidróxido de cálcio

Pós-graduação em Ciência Odontólogica - FOA

Characterization of Soil Surface Roughness Effects on Runoff and Soil Erosion Rates under Simulated Rainfall

This study aims at identifying the influence of soil surface roughness from small to large aggregates (random roughness) on runoff and soil loss and to investigate the interaction with soil surface seal formation. Bulk samples of a silty clay loam soil were sieved to four aggregate-size classes of 3 to 12, 12 to 20, 20 to 45, 45 to 100 mm, and packed in soil trays set at a 5% slope. Rainfall simulations using an oscillating nozzle simulator were conducted for 90 min at an average rainfall intensity of 50.2 mm h(-1). Soil surface roughness was measured using an instantaneous profile laser scanner and surface sealing was studied by macroscopic analysis of epoxy impregnated soil samples. The rainfall simulations revealed longer times to initiate runoff with increasing soil surface roughness. For random roughness levels up to 6 mm, a decrease in final runoff rate with increasing roughness was observed. This can be attributed to a decreased breakdown of the larger roughness elements on rougher surfaces, thus keeping infiltration rate high. For a random roughness larger than 6 mm, a greater final runoff rate was observed. This was caused by the creation of a thick depositional seal in the concentrated flow areas, thus lowering the infiltration rates. Analysis of impregnated soil sample blocks confirmed the formation of a structural surface seal on smooth surfaces, whereas thick depositional seals were visible in the depressional areas of rougher surfaces. Therefore, from our observations it can be learned that soil surface roughness as formed by the presence of different aggregate sizes reduces runoff but that its effect diminishes due to aggregate breakdown and the formation of thick depositional seals in the case of rough soil surfaces. Sediment concentration increased with increasing soil surface roughness, due to runoff concentration in flow paths. Nevertheless, final soil loss rates were comparable for all soil roughness categories, indicating that random roughness is only important in influencing runoff rates and the time to initiate runoff, but not in influencing sediment export through soil loss rates.

Bonding ability of paste-paste glass ionomer systems to tooth structure: in vitro studies

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Supercritical carbonation treatment on extruded fibre-cement reinforced with vegetable fibres

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Adaptation and penetration of resin-based root canal sealers in root canals irradiated with high-intensity lasers

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)