184 resultados para Porticos estruturais
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Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Genética) - IBB
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The organic fertilizer can be a viable alternative in the production of forage grasses, however there is little information regarding doses and composition of the major organic fertilizers. The aim of this paper was to verify the influence of the different doses of organic compost produced from two types of poultry litter on the structural, morphogenetic and productive characteristics of Brachiaria brizantha cv 'Piatã'. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse in a completely randomized design in a factorial scheme l with parcel subdivided in time. The parcels were composed by six treatments: two types of compost (poultry litter based in sugar cane and napier grass) in three doses (100, 200 and 300kg ha-1 equivalent N.) and the subparcels by the four different periods of cut. The composts were applied in a unique dose, after the uniformization cut, at the quantities: 11,36 and 11,83, 22,73 and 23,67, 34,09 and 35,50 g pot-1 for the poultry litter based in sugar cane and napier grass, respectively which are equivalent to the rates of 0, 100, 200 and 300kg ha-1 of N. The variables measured were: dry matter production (DMP), leaf appearance rate (LApR), phyllochron, leaf elongation dose (LER) and shoots elongation rate (SER), number of green leaves (NGL), final size of the leaf (FSL). No significant difference between the types of composts and in the interaction compost x doses was observed, thus, both could be used without the risk of loss in the use of the nutrients by the plants evaluated in the experiment. There was a significant difference between the DMP, LApR, phyllochron, LER, SER, NGL and FSL because of the increasing rates of nitrogen, followed by a linear model of prediction. The effect of the periods of slaughter was also observed, where the slaughters carried out in the summer presented a better performance over the morphogenetic and structural features evaluated.
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Pós-graduação em Engenharia Elétrica - FEIS
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Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FCAV
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We investigated the effects of swimming training (ST) on femoral mechanical and structural properties in ovariectomized female rats. Female Wistar rats [age = 20 weeks; body weight (BW) = 271,42 +/- 17,6 g] were subjected to ovariectomy (OVX) or laparotomy (SHAM) and allocated to one of the following groups: swimming OVX (SO, n=12), control OVX (CO, n=12), swimming SHAM (SS, n=12) and control SHAM (CS, n=12). Fifteen days after surgery SO and SS groups were subjected to a ST (60 min/day, 5 days/week, overload of 3% of BW) for 10 weeks. Alkalin phosfatase was reduced in OVX as compared to SHAM (18,87 pg/mL vs. 53,93 pg/mL, respectively), but not altered by ST. Animals SHAM showed more cancellous bone than OVX (255,50 +/- 38,27 vs 288,75 +/- 39,63 points, respectively). Exercised animals exhibited more cancellous bone than controls (292,00 +/- 33,54 vs 251,54 +/- 38,99 points, respectively) in this region and in the grater trochanter (281,50 +/- 34,42 vs 237,23 +/- 53,03 points; respectively). Bone mineral density and cortical bone in the femur midshaft were not altered either by OVX or ST. The maximum force and thoughness of the femoral neck and midshaft were not affected either by OVX or ST. It was concluded that ST benefits cancellous bone mass in the femoral proximal region (i.e. femoral neck and greater trochanter), independently of ovariectomy, which did not reflect in improved mechanical properties either in the femoral neck or midshaft.
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Pós-graduação em Ginecologia, Obstetrícia e Mastologia - FMB
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Pós-graduação em Química - IQ
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Pós-graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia de Materiais - FC
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A agricultura convencional hoje vigente mostra- se ao longo dos anos como uma forma degradante á saúde do meio ambiente. Diversos tipos de impactos negativos são criados através dela. A agroecologia e os sistemas agroflorestais podem ser alternativas viáveis á inversão deste quadro, pois aliam técnicas de manejo agrícola com conceitos ecológicos, visando à otimização da produção que, com um manejo adequado, pode gerar impacto ambiental positivo. Este estudo teve como objetivo a avaliação das diferenças estruturais e de diversidade da comunidade arbórea de um sistema agroflorestal em comparação a um fragmento de floresta estacional semidecidual, para que os parâmetros fitossociológicos avaliados e este entendimento ecológico funcionem como indicadores pertinentes à avaliação de tais sistemas e possam auxiliar no manejo de sistemas agroflorestais já existentes e na implantação de futuros sistemas agroflorestais mais produtivos. Os critérios utilizados para a obtenção dos resultados indicaram diferenças significativas na estrutura e diversidade da comunidade arbórea entre o sistema agroflorestal e o fragmento florestal. Apesar de serem próximos geograficamente, os dois sistemas possuem índices de estrutura e diversidade diferenciados. Com base nos dados e em observações de campo, o sistema agroflorestal aporta espécies arbóreas provindas ou não do fragmento florestal adjacente, e isto pode comprovar a eficiência dos sistemas agroflorestais como estratégia para recuperação de áreas degradadas. Avaliando-se o quadro presente é proposto neste trabalho como manejo futuro neste sistema agroflorestal, o aperfeiçoamento do manejo da cultura do café e a produção de mudas de espécies nativas provenientes do fragmento de floresta através de um viveiro, para posterior implantação no sistema agroflorestal
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Snakes from Bothrops genus are responsible for more than 90% of the ophidian accidents in Brazil. One of the main complications from this kind of accident is muscular necrosis, which is related to the action of phospholipases A2 and metalloproteases, two groups of enzymes found in the venom of these animals. Although this complication cannot be solved by serum therapy administration, a great number of studies have been performed with the attempt to know the pharmacological sites of these toxins aiming, in the future, the development of complementary treatments to serum therapy. This work proposes structural studies of bothropic phospholipases A2 (PLA2s) in the presence of ions relevant to their activity, using the X-ray crystallography technique. Recently, it was demonstrated ions, as manganese, calcium and others, interfere in the biological activity of the PLA2s. Particularly, Lys49-PLA2s in the presence of manganese ions have miotoxicity reduced. Asp49-PLA2s show catalytic activity dependent of calcium, although structural studies with a miotoxic Asp49-PLA2, BthTX-II, suggest a possible catalytic mechanism independent of calcium. Therefore, co-crystallization of BthTX-II in the presence of calcium ions and of PrTX-I in the presence of manganese ions were performed. Comparative structural studies among obtained results and others already published in the literature were performed aiming a better understanding of the structure-function relationship of these toxins. The BthTX-II with the presence of calcium do not show this ion in the loop of coordination of calcium, presence necessary to develop the catalyses. After comparison of this model with the native one, only one distortion was found, but no apparent relationship with the residues responsible for its activity. In the PrTX-I structure, regions candidates of manganese ions were also found... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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O presente estudo investigou aspectos estruturais (florística e fitossociologia) e ecológicos (síndromes de dispersão e classes sucessionais) de um hectare de Floresta Ombrófila Densa Submontana, localizada no Núcleo Picinguaba, município de Ubatuba, São Paulo, com objetivo de analisar a similaridade da área com outros levantamentos sob mesma fisionomia e avaliar o estágio sucessional da mata para o trecho considerado. A área estudada (Parcela C) compõe uma das parcelas amostrais do Projeto Temático “Composição florística, estrutura e funcionamento da Floresta Ombrófila Densa dos Núcleos Picinguaba e Santa Virgínia do Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar” do Programa BIOTA-FAPESP. O levantamento compreendeu todos os indivíduos arbóreos com DAP ≥ 4,8 totalizando 1.246 indivíduos. Foram encontradas 131 espécies distribuídas em 38 famílias. O índice de diversidade de Shannon foi de H’= 3, 981 nat.ind.-1 e o índice de equitabilidade de Pielou foi de J’ = 0,815. A família Myrtaceae se destacou com a maior riqueza de espécies (36), seguida de Fabaceae (12) e Rubiaceae (11) que registrou, ainda, a maior quantidade de indivíduos, com 225 plantas. O maior valor de importância foi anotado para Euterpe edulis (6,95%) abrangendo 9,95% do total de indivíduos registrados. As espécies, subseqüentes, mais abundantes foram Mollinedia schottiana (7,54%), Coussarea meridionalis (5,86%), Bathysa mendoncaei (5,54%) e Guapira opposita (2,80%). A área apresentou elevada dominância de espécies zoocóricas (86% das espécies classificadas) e não pioneiras (74%), indicando um estágio avançado de sucessão da área analisada. Os padrões estruturais e ecológicos encontrados para a comunidade investigada apóiam os conceitos de alta diversidade florística e sugerem intrínsecas relações entre planta e animais em Florestas Atlânticas
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This research presents a study of structural complexes formed between the bothropstoxin BthTX-I and PrTX-I and phospholipase A2 (PLA2s) inhibitor 12- methoxy-4-methyl-voachalotine (MMV) of Tabernamontana catharinensis and rosmarinic acid (Cv-RA) of Rosmarinus officinalis. For both were used cocrystallization experiments with the toxins and inhibitors. In the future, the experimental three-dimensional structures of these complexes will be obtained through the technique of crystallography. Simultaneously, construction occurred in silico of inhibitors Cv-RA and MMV and attempts of docking between these binders and protein structures. These theoretical data provide important information regarding the nature of interactions between inhibitors, toxins and structural changes induced by the protein molecule inhibitors. Therefore, the acquisition of this information has great value to identification, characterization and development (drug design) of compounds with great potential for biotechnology and drug use. Considering further and more relevant aplications, these compounds could be used to control symptoms in many cases of ophidic poisoning and also in combating of pathological processes (degenerative inflammatory diseases and auto-immune diseases, Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, among others) whose causes are related to molecules belonging to the same groups of proteins which are classified bothropstoxin that were studied in this project