Investigação de injetores tipo y e efervescentes para a atomizacão da mistura de glicerina e etanol

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEG

Análise do escoamento turbulento por um queimador industrial a gás utilizando dinâmica dos fluidos computacional

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEG

Aplicação de fluido de corte em quantidades reduzidas para usinagem do aço SAE 52100 no processo de retificação centerless de passagem

Pós-graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia de Materiais - FC

Estudo Comparativo da Taxa de Injeção em Injetor do Tipo Venturi com e Sem Válvula de Retenção

Para se realizar a técnica da quimigação é necessário que o sistema de irrigação possua um injetor para incorporar os produtos na água de irrigação. Dentre os métodos existentes, o que tem se destacado nos últimos anos é o injetor do tipo Venturi. Essa preferência tem sido motivada pela sua simplicidade, por não possuir peças móveis e ser de baixo custo. Apesar dessas vantagens, o uso do injetor Venturi, assim como os demais injetores, necessita de dispositivos de segurança que minimizem o risco de contaminação ambiental. Neste trabalho, objetivou-se analisar a influência da válvula de retenção na taxa de injeção de água de um injetor do tipo Venturi instalado em pivô central e seu rendimento. O dispositivo de injeção era constituído de um injetor Venturi de 1,5 polegadas associado a uma motobomba centrífuga de 2,2 kW. O equipamento foi instalado na base do pivô central. Foram tomados tempos de esvaziamento de um reservatório de volume de 20 litros. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, sendo realizadas dez repetições em cada situação avaliada, ou seja, injetor equipado com válvula de retenção e sem a presença da mesma. Aplicou-se a análise de variância, seguida do teste de Tukey. Concluiu-se que a presença de válvula de retenção em injetores do tipo Venturi não influenciou de forma significativa as taxas de injeção e o rendimento, tendo este último apresentado valores da ordem de 10%.

Potential of adjuvants to reduce drift in agricultural spraying

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Effect of working pressure at different spray nozzles on drift quantification in wind tunnel

Each year, there is an increase in pesticide consumption and in its importance of use in the large-scale agricultural production, being fundamental the knowledge of application technology to the activity success. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the influence of working pressure on the drift generated by different spray nozzles, assessed in wind tunnel. The treatments were composed of two spray nozzles AXI 110015 and AXI 11002 with pressure levels of 276 and 414 kPa. The spray solution was composed by water and NaCl at 10%. The applications were conducted at wind speed of 2.0 m s-1, being the drift collected at 5.0; 10.0 and 15.0 m away from the spray boom and at heights of 0.2; 0.4; 0.6; 0.8 e 1.0 m from the tunnel floor. To both spray nozzles, the greatest drift was collected at the smallest distance to the spray-boom and at the lowest height. The AXI 11002 nozzle gave a smaller drift relative to the AXI 110015 nozzle for the two tested pressures and for all the collection points. Regardless of the nozzle, a rise in the working pressure increases the spray drift percentage at all distances in the wind tunnel.

Tamanho de gotas de pontas de pulverização em diferentes condições operacionais por meio da técnica de difração do raio laser

The present study aimed to evaluate the droplet spectrum of hydraulic nozzles, under different pressures and spray liquid compositions, using a laser particle size analyzer. In a completely randomized design, two air induction twin flat-fan nozzles (AD-IA/D 11002 and AD-IA/D11004) and two hollow-cone nozzles (MAG - 2 and MAG - 4) were evaluated, in factorial design 3 x 2: tree spray pressures (207, 276 and 345 kPa for twin flat-fan nozzles, and 414, 483 and 552 kPa for cone nozzles); and two spray liquid compositions (water and water plus phosphatydilcoline + propionic acid adjuvant). The addition of adjuvant reduced the volume median diameter for the AD-IA/D 11002 and 11004 nozzles; however it had an opposite effect with the MAG - 4 nozzles and not changed with the MAG - 2 nozzles. In adverse weather conditions, it is not recommended the use of hollow cone spray nozzle, even with the addition of adjuvant tested because of the high risk potential of drift.

Qualidade da aplicação de inseticida em amendoim (arachis hypogaea l.), com e sem adjuvantes na calda, sob chuva simulada

The present work aimed to evaluate the volumetric distribution profiles, droplet spectra, surface tension, contact angle of droplet and the spraying liquid deposition over the peanut leaves (Arachis hypogaea L.), under artificial rain, in comparison with deposition without rain, using two hydraulic nozzle models of plain fan and insecticide spraying liquids with and without adjuvants addition. It were used a patternator for volumetric distribution analysis, a laser particles analyzer to evaluate droplet spectra produced by SF 110015 and XR 110015 nozzles and tensiometer for droplet tension and contact angle. The spraying liquids evaluated were: water, lambda-cialotrina, lambda-cialotrina + nitrogen fertilizer and lambda-cialotrina + mineral oil. All experiments followed a completely randomized design. Data were submitted to variance analysis by F test and the means comparisons by Scott-Knott test at 5% of probability. According to the results, it must be considered the maximum spacing in spray boom usage of 50 and 90 cm between the nozzles SF110015 and XR110015, respectively. The adjuvants effects on droplet spectra have shown addicted to the nozzle and the product used, and the adjuvants addition to the spraying liquid affected the potential risk of drift; The Volumetric Median Diameter (VMD) of produced droplets by nozzles filled into thin class and were not influenced by the adjuvants. The nitrogen fertilizer adjuvant may be indicated to promote improvements on coverage and droplet deposition on target.

Numerical and experimental investigations of three-dimensional container filling with Newtonian viscous fluids

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Horários de aplicação localizada ou em área total e uso de adjuvantes para o controle de Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) na cultura do milho

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Produção Vegetal) - FCAV

Métodos de debicagem em poedeiras comerciais

Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FMVZ

Processing and characterization of ablative composites used in rocket motors

The main objective of this research work was to obtain two formulations of ablative composites. These composites are also known as ablative structural composites, for applications in atmospherically severe conditions according to the high-temperature, hot gaseous products flow generated from the burning of solid propellants. The formulations were manufactured with phenolic resin reinforced with chopped carbon fiber. The composites were obtained by the hot compression molding technique. Another purpose of this work was to conduct the physical and chemical characterization of the matrix, the reinforcements and the composites. After the characterization, a nozzle divergent of each formulation was manufactured and its performance was evaluated through the rocket motor static firing test. According to the results found in this work, it was possible to observe through the characterization of the raw materials that phenolic resins showed peculiarities in their properties that differentiate one from the other, but did not exhibit significant differences in performance as a composite material for use in ablation conditions. Both composites showed good performance for use in thermal protection, confirmed by firing static tests (rocket motor). Composites made with phenolic resin and chopped carbon fiber showed that it is a material with excellent resistance to ablation process. This composite can be used to produce nozzle parts with complex geometry or shapes and low manufacturing cost.

Distribuição de tensões em bocais de vasos de pressão

This work is to analyze the behavior of context concentrated stresses generated around a nozzle connected to a pressure vessel. For this analysis we used the finite element method via a computer interface, the software ANSYS WORKBENCH. It was first necessary to study and intensive training of the software used, and also a study of the ASME Code, Section VIII, which is responsible for the standards used in pressure vessels. We analyzed three cases, which differ primarily in the variation of the diameter of the nozzle in order to analyze the variation of the stresses according to the variation of the diameters. The nozzle diameters were 35, 75 and 105 mm. After the model designed vessel, a pressure was applied on the innervessel of 0.5 MPa. For the smallest diameter, was found the lowest tensions concentrated. Varying between 1 and 223 MPa. Increasing the diameter of the nozzle resulted in increased tensions concentrated around the junction nozzle /vessel. The maximum stresses increased by 78% when the value was increased in diameter from 35 to 75 mm. Since the increase in diameter from 75 to 105 mm, the values of the tensions increased around 43%. These figures emphasize that stress concentrations increased with increasing the diameter of the nozzles, but not linearly

Efeito de protocolos de jateamento na resistência à flexão e transformação de fase cristalina em cerâmicas de Y-TZP

Pós-graduação em Odontologia Restauradora - ICT

Diretrizes básicas para projetos de vasos de pressão segundo a ASME Trabalho

In this work it was made analysis of a simple pressure vessel, using the analytical development studied in Mechanics of Materials disciplines, and then using the standard required by ASME. Following the simulation was realized using Autodesk Mechanical Simulation software to calculate the principal stresses in a pressure vessel. The simulation was done in a single vessel without nozzles, compared with the analytic calculation. After that, the simulation of another fictitious pressure vessel was done by adding three nozzles to verify the influence of the nozzles in the principal stresses and compared with the analytical results. After the simulation, it was found that the principal are bigger in the pressure vessel with nozzles, but they decrease at a small distance from the nozzle becoming equal to the stresses in the vessel without nozzles. The analytical results calculated according to the ASME agree with simulated results