The influence of loss of bone mass on induced periodontal disease: A radiographic and densitometric study of female rats

Background: Changes in mineral density in the mandibular and femoral bones (BMD) after estrogen deficiency caused by ovariectomy (OVX) and the influence of these changes on induced periodontal disease were evaluated in female rats.Methods: Forty-eight female Holtzman rats (90 days old) were randomly divided into five groups: 0: control (N = 9); 1: SHAM without induced periodontal disease (N = 11); 2: SHAM with induced disease (N = 10); 3: OVX without induced disease (N = 9); and 4: OVX with induced disease (N = 9). In groups 2 and 4, the first lower molars were tied with ligatures for 30 days 120 days after surgery. After 5 months the animals were sacrificed to measure global mineral density (BMD) and that of the sub-regions of the mandible and femur by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). The extent of vertical bone loss was evaluated with digital radiography by measuring the distance from the bone crest to the cemento-enamel junction at the mesial of the first lower molar.Results: Results of the femur (Kruskal-Wallis test) showed a significant difference (P < 0.001) between the groups SHAM and OVX in bone density values for all regions. Comparison between the groups in relation to the BMD of the mandible, both in the sub-regions and global revealed no differences (P < 0.05). The vertical bone loss measured for the groups with induced disease was similar (P= 0.713).Conclusions: Differences between the groups were found in the bone mineral density BMD of the femur but not of the mandible. OVX had no influence on induced periodontal disease.

Combined periodontal, orthodontic, and restorative treatment of pathologic migration of anterior teeth: A case report

Pathologic tooth migration related to periodontal disease is a common chief complaint of periodontal patients. This paper describes the treatment of a case of severe periodontal disease and disfiguring pathologic migration of maxillary central incisors, which required a multidisciplinary approach. After conventional pert. odontal treatment was performed, the anterior diastema was closed using a combination of orthodontic therapy and restorative treatment. A 6-month follow-up examination of this case revealed resolution of the anterior pathologic migration, with gains in clinical attachment levels and a successful esthetic and functional final result.

Curcumin modulates the immune response associated with LPS-induced periodontal disease in rats

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Potent anti-inflammatory effects of systemically administered curcumin modulate periodontal disease in vivo

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Differential regulation of MMP-13 expression in two models of experimentally induced periodontal disease in rats

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

The Potential of p38 MAPK Inhibitors to Modulate Periodontal Infections

Periodontal disease initiation and progression occurs as a consequence of the host immune inflammatory response to oral pathogens. The innate and acquired immune systems are critical for the proper immune response. LPS, an outer membrane constituent of periodontal pathogenic bacteria, stimulates the production of inflammatory cytokines IL-1 beta TNF alpha IL-6 and RANKL either directly or indirectly. In LPS-stimulated cells, the induction of cytokine expression requires activation of several signaling pathways including the p38 MAPK pathway. This review will discuss the significance of the p38 MAPK pathway in periodontal disease progression and the potential therapeutic consequences of pharmacological antagonism of this pathway in the treatment of periodontal diseases.

Comparison between embossed digital imaging and unprocessed film-based radiography in detecting periodontal bone defects: an in vitro study

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Lipid profile of people with Diabetes mellitus type 2 and periodontal disease

The objective of this study was to evaluate improvement of lipids and periodontal disease in patients with type 2 Diabetes mellitus, by means of the relationship between blood levels of total cholesterol and its fractions, triglycerides and clinical periodontal parameters. Twenty patients, in age-range 18-70 years, were selected and divided into 2 groups: (1) conventional periodontal scaling and root planing + controlled mechanic; (2) conventional periodontal scaling and root planing + controlled mechanical + maintenance therapy. The analyses were performed on day 0, 180 and 720 days, including plaque index, gingival index, probing depth and clinical attachment level, and evaluation of total cholesterol and its fractions, and triglycerides. The 2 groups presented significant reduction in clinical periodontal parameters, however, probing depth did not diminish significantly only in Group 1. There was significant improvement in all blood parameters in both groups. It was concluded that after 720 days of the experiment, there were significant improvements in clinical and blood parameters, in general. The group that received maintenance therapy also showed a more expressive improvement in clinical periodontal parameters, in general, suggesting that this therapy is important and necessary in patients with type 2 Diabetes mellitus and periodontal disease. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Effect of periodontal treatment on metabolic control, systemic inflammation and cytokines in patients with type 2 diabetes

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Influence of Antiplatelet Drugs in the Pathogenesis of Experimental Periodontitis and Periodontal Repair in Rats

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Sequential IL-23 and IL-17 and increased Mmp8 and Mmp14 expression characterize the progression of an experimental model of periodontal disease in type 1 diabetes

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Clinical and Microbiologic Follow-Up Evaluations After Non-Surgical Periodontal Treatment With Erbium:YAG Laser and Scaling and Root Planing

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Modulation of host cell signaling pathways as a therapeutic approach in periodontal disease

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Histological analyses of thermal effect caused by 1.2 W diode laser irradiation at rat periodontal pockets

The aim of this in vivo study was to evaluate the thermal effects caused by 810 nm 1.2 W diode laser irradiation of periodontal tissues. Despite all data available concerning the laser application for periodontal treatment, one of the most relevant challenges is to prevent the harmful tissue heating induced by different clinical protocols. Periodontal pockets were induced at molars in 96 rats. Several irradiation powers under CW mode were investigated: 0, 400, 600, 800, 1000, 1200 mW. The pockets were irradiated using a 300 A mu m frontal illumination fiber. The animals were killed at 4 or 10 days after irradiation. The mandible was surgically removed and histologically processed. The histological sections stained with H/E demonstrated that irradiation parameters up to 1000 mW were thermally safe for the periodontal tissues. The sections stained with Brown & Brenn technique evidenced bacteria in the periodontal tissues. Consequently, the diode laser irradiation as a unique treatment was not capable to eliminate bacteria of the biofilm present in the pockets. According to the methodology used here, it was concluded that the thermal variation promoted by a diode laser can cause damage to periodontal tissues depending on the energy density used. The 1.2 W diode laser irradiation itself does not control the bacteria present in the biofilm of the periodontal pockets without mechanical action. The knowledge of proper high intensity laser parameters and methods of irradiation for periodontal protocols may prevent any undesirable thermal damage to the tissues.

Treatment of experimental periodontal disease with antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in nicotine-modified rats

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)