As escolas vocacionais e o terceiro ambiente de Hargreaves

The article refers to an official school experience which was developed in the Brazilian education in the 60's - the vocational schools. These schools enabled an artistic-musical learning experience which would be less technicist and autocratic, contributing in a satisfactory way to the future performing formation of the students. In addition to the historical report, the text refers to the British educator D. Hargreaves, who researched on the importance of the "third environment" in the musical learning and on the relationship existing between the internal and the external cognitive process. The text is part of the Master or Arts dissertation which is being carried out in the IA-UNESP (Institute of Arts - State of São Paulo University). The musical-theoretical foundations were provided by the ideas of D. Hargreaves, Sigurd Rascher, Yehudi Menuhi, among others, and by some researchers in the area of education. It is justified on the grounds of the present moment experienced by the musical teaching in face of the approval of Law n(o) 11.769/2008.

Análise da sensibilidade dos componentes da equação de Hargreaves - Samani para a região de Bebedouro - SP

The estimation of reference evapotranspiration (ETo) subsidizes the calculations of water consumption in irrigated agriculture. The use of simpler methodologies are common however should be carefully studied. The present study evaluated the sensitivity of the Hargreaves -Samani equation compared to the standard Penman-Monteith -FAO to estimate ETo for the climatic conditions of the Bebedouro-SP region, simulating the effects of increasing and decreasing 5 % in the temperatures, resulting in ten different scenarios (PM -Penman-Montheit -FAO; S0 -original Hargreaves Samani; S1 to S8 -modified Hargreaves Samani). The obtained results of sensitivity, linear regression, accuracy and concordance index, were compared. We concluded that the Hargreaves -Samani equation overestimates the monthly values of the ETo in 13% compared to the standard method. A variation of 5% in maximum and minimum temperatures resulted in errors of up to 1 mm day-1 (monthly average) and this increase is more expressive in maximum temperature.

Manejo de irrigação e nitrogênio no feijoeiro comum cultivado em sistema plantio direto

With technological innovations, such as irrigation, the bean has been grown by producers who have the most varied levels of technology that, in suitable times, allows the planting great success in grain yield. The aim of this study was to evaluate the response of the dry bean to different managements of irrigation and nitrogen fertilization with no-tillage system, in Aquidauana - MS, Brazil. The experiment was conducted at the Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul (UEMS), with the soil of the area classified as Alfisol, using the bean crop "Perola" sown on June 30, 2007. The experimental design was a randomized block split-plot consisting of three blocks and two replications within each block. The plots were composed of three management of irrigation, by the Class A pan method, using Hargreaves-Samani equation, and management by tensiometry (-40 kPa), with water replacement of 16.5 mm for all irrigation plots. The subplots consisted on four rates of nitrogen fertilization (0; 50; 100 and 150 kg ha(-1)), in which the nitrogen source was urea. It was concluded that the irrigation management through the Class A pan and Hargreaves-Samani equation conduced to higher grain yields of bean, 3031.11 and 3005.02 kg ha(-1) respectively.

Influência da acurácia de instrumentos de medidas na comparação de métodos de estimativa da evapotranspiração de referência

The aim of this investigation was to evaluate four reference methods to estimate evapotranspiration (Makkink, Hargreaves, Class A pan and Radiation), compared tb Penman-Monteith method, that is considered standard by the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations (FAO). Errors due to variable measurements in the reference evapotranspiration estimate were taken into consideration. The research was developed in an experimental area of the Department of Rural Engieering of the School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, Campus of Jaboticabal, São Paulo State University. An automated weather station was used and it was equipped with sensors to measure global and net radiation, temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed. The aftermath showed a better adjustment to Hargreaves. Makkink, Class A pan and Radiation methods are different from Penman-Monteith, therefore, they cannot be compared. To evaluate methods to estimate evapotranspiration and avoid possible evaluation errors, ETo estimate errors must be considered.

Análise de três métodos de estimativa da evapotranspiração de referência para a região de Pradópolis - SP

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Ciência do Solo) - FCAV

Mudanças na alfabetização e resistência docente na voz de professoras dos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental: implicações das medidas políticas na prática pedagógica

Pós-graduação em Educação Escolar - FCLAR

Métodos de estimativa da evapotranspiração de referência para a mesoregião do Triângulo Mineiro e Alto Paranaíba-MG

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Determinação da acurácia de instrumentos de medidas para obter a evapotranspiração de referência com erros fixados

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Ciência do Solo) - FCAV

Análise de necessidades de formação continuada de professores: uma contribuição às propostas de formação

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Caracterização climática e comparação de métodos de estimativa de evapotranspiração de referência para regiões do Estado do Ceará

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Avaliação de métodos de estimativa da radiação solar global e da evapotranspiração de referência para o estado de Mato Grosso

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Irrigação e Drenagem) - FCA

Evapotranspiração e coeficientes de cultura da melancieira irrigada por gotejamento em Alvorada do Gurguéia-PI

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Comparação entre métodos de estimativa da evapotranspiração de referência (ETo) em regiões citrícolas paulistas

As regiões escolhidas para o estudo são importantes no cenário citrícola irrigado, tanto em expansão quanto em atuação. Os dados meteorológicos utilizados para as estimativas são integrantes do banco de dados climáticos do software IRRIPLUS®. Com este software, estimou-se a evapotranspiração de referência (ETo) diária, utilizando as metodologias propostas por Penman-Monteith (EToPM), Hargreaves & Samani (EToHG) e Blaney-Criddle-FAO (EToBC), para o período de um ano. O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar os métodos de estimativa com EToPM, utilizando parâmetros de regressão (β0, β1), coeficiente de determinação (r²), e correlação (r), estimativa do erro-padrão (SEE), índices de concordância (d) e confiança (c). Os resultados indicam tendência de EToHG à superestimativa dos valores de ETo, exceto na região de Jaú, e subestimativa por EToBC, para todas as regiões estudadas. Nos valores mensais de ETo, os três métodos apresentam a mesma distribuição. O método de EToHG apresenta-se como uma excelente alternativa na estimativa de consumo de água pela cultura.

Prática docente e a resolução de problemas matemáticos no contexto de mudança curricular do Estado de São Paulo: utopias e desafios

Pós-graduação em Educação para a Ciência - FC

Estimation methods of reference evapotranspiration (ETo) for Uberlândia -MG

One approach to verify the adequacy of estimation methods of reference evapotranspiration is the comparison with the Penman-Monteith method, recommended by the United Nations of Food and Agriculture Organization - FAO, as the standard method for estimating ET0. This study aimed to compare methods for estimating ET0, Makkink (MK), Hargreaves (HG) and Solar Radiation (RS), with Penman-Monteith (PM). For this purpose, we used daily data of global solar radiation, air temperature, relative humidity and wind speed for the year 2010, obtained through the automatic meteorological station, with latitude 18° 91' 66 S, longitude 48° 25' 05 W and altitude of 869m, at the National Institute of Meteorology situated in the Campus of Federal University of Uberlandia - MG, Brazil. Analysis of results for the period were carried out in daily basis, using regression analysis and considering the linear model y = ax, where the dependent variable was the method of Penman-Monteith and the independent, the estimation of ET0 by evaluated methods. Methodology was used to check the influence of standard deviation of daily ET0 in comparison of methods. The evaluation indicated that methods of Solar Radiation and Penman-Monteith cannot be compared, yet the method of Hargreaves indicates the most efficient adjustment to estimate ETo.