Germinação de sementes, adubação e níveis de sombreamento no desenvolvimento de mudas de jatobá (Hymeneae courbaril L. var. Stilbocarpa)

Pós-graduação em Agronomia - FEIS

Foundry sand recycling in the troughs of blast furnaces: a technical note

The foundry sand agglomerated with alkaline phenolic resin, used for the manufacture of molds, was found to be a residue which is able to be recycled, minimizing the costs of disposal and the environmental impact. This paper analyzes the thermomechanical regeneration and leaching processes and also assesses the influence of additives on the improvement of the mechanical properties of the sands. Besides, the industrial experiments carried out at CSN aiming at the foundry sand recycling in the covering of the blast furnace troughs are presented. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

ORGANIC RESIDUE AND PHOSPHORUS AS CONDITIONERS OF DEGRADED SOIL AND EFFECTS ON THE INITIAL GROWTH OF Dipteryx alata Vog.

In northwestern Sao Paulo State, it was established, in 1965, the hydroelectric station of Ilha Solteira (CESP) that produced extensive degraded areas, from where it was removed the soil superficial layers. For the re-establishment of the vegetation, in areas like these, it is necessary the addition of chemical inputs and organic material. Associating the presence in the area of macrophytes, to the need of recovery of degraded areas and the availability of seeds from native species of Cerrado, it was intended the development of this work, with the objective of evaluating the addition effects of organic residue and phosphorus on the material of degraded soil and on the initial growth of Dipteryx alata, arboreal species of 'cerrado'. The soil material was collected in area of degraded soil by the construction of Ilha Solteira hydroelectric station. The experiment was conducted in two environmental conditions, greenhouse and plenty of sun. The treatments consisted of four phosphorus doses (0, 100, 200 and 300 mg dm(-3) of P2O5), with or without macrophytes addition, with 16 treatments and 10 repetitions each one. The used macrophytes, collected at Jupia hydroelectric station, in Mato Grosso do Sul state, were dried, sliced, incorporated to the soil material and incubated during 60 days. The seeds of Dipteryx alata, collected around of the area, were sowed in washed sand and after 60 days introduced in the treatments. The plants were appraised monthly for height, stem diameter and leaves chlorophyll. After 210 days, the plants were collected and evaluated for fresh and dry weight of aerial part and radicular system and the soil material was evaluated for fertility and microbial activity by the carbon of liberated CO2. The organic residue, incorporated to the material of soil degraded, positively affects the soil fertility and the soil microbial activity. The applied phosphorus doses influenced the behavior of Ca, SB, H+Al and CTC, when applied in the absence of organic residue, it promoted significant and linear increments for values of potential acidity, and indicated the organic residue importance. The initial growth of the Dipteryx alata was favored by the protected cultivation, for the incorporation of organic residue and for the phosphorus addition to the soil. At the end although the material of degraded soil comes as good perspective for disposal of this residue, studies about the field conditions are necessary.

Soil water evaporation under densities of coverage with vegetable residue

O presente estudo foi realizado no Instituto Agronômico do Paraná (IAPAR), em Londrina, Estado do Paraná (latitude de 23º18'S, longitude de 51º09'W e altitude média de 585 m). O clima local, segundo a classificação do Köppen, é do tipo Cfa, ou seja, subtropical úmido, com chuvas em todas as estações, podendo ocorrer secas no período de inverno. Determinou-se a evaporação (E) da água do solo sob diferentes densidades de cobertura com resíduo da cultura de trigo. Os tratamentos foram instalados em lisímetros de pesagem de 2,66 m² e 1,3 m de profundidade, que permitem determinar E por diferença de massa com precisão equivalente a 0,1 mm em intervalos de uma hora. Os tratamentos consistiram em 0; 2,5; 5 e 10 t ha-1 de resíduos da cultura do trigo, colocadas de forma homogênea em cada lisímetro. No primeiro ciclo (22/09 a 20/10/2008), a redução de E em relação ao solo descoberto foi de 4; 15 e 24%, enquanto no segundo ciclo (01/12 a 30/12/2008), a redução foi de 15; 22 e 25%, respectivamente, para os tratamentos 2,5; 5 e 10 t ha-1.

The effect of incorporation of a Brazilian water treatment plant sludge on the properties of ceramic materials

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Are light traps baited with kairomones effective in the capture of Lutzomyia longipalpis and Lutzomyia intermedia? An evaluation of synthetic human odor as an attractant for phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Optimization of acid hydrolysis from the hemicellulosic fraction of Eucalyptus grandis residue using response surface methodology

Biotechnological conversion of biomass into fuels and chemicals requires hydrolysis of the polysaccharide fraction into monomeric sugars. Hydrolysis can be performed enzymatically and with dilute or concentrate mineral acids. The present study used dilute sulfuric acid as a catalyst for hydrolysis of Eucalyptus grandis residue. The purpose of this paper was to optimize the hydrolysis process in a 1.41 pilot-scale reactor and investigate the effects of the acid concentration, temperature and residue/acid solution ratio on the hemicellulose removal and consequently on the production of sugars (xylose, glucose and arabinose) as well as on the formation of by-products (furfural, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and acetic acid). This study was based on a model composition corresponding to a 2 3 orthogonal factorial design and employed the response surface methodology (RSM) to optimize the hydrolysis conditions, aiming to attain maximum xylose extraction from hemicellulose of residue. The considered optimum conditions were: H2SO4 concentration of 0.65%, temperature of 157 degrees C and residue/acid solution ratio of 1/8.6 with a reaction time of 20 min. Under these conditions, 79.6% of the total xylose was removed and the hydrolysate contained 1.65 g/l glucose, 13.65 g/l xylose, 1.55 g/l arabinose, 3.10 g/l acetic acid, 1.23 g/l furfural and 0.20 g/l 5-hydroxymethylfurfural. (c) 2006 Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Composite materials obtained from textile fiber residue

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

New geopolymeric binder based on fluid catalytic cracking catalyst residue (FCC)

This paper provides information about the synthesis and mechanical properties of geopolymers based on fluid catalytic cracking catalyst residue (FCC). FCC was alkali activated with solutions containing different SiO2/Na2O ratios. The microstructure and mechanical properties were analysed by using several instrumental techniques. FCC geopolymers are mechanically stable, yielding compressive strength about 68 MPa when mortars are cured at 65 degrees C during 3 days. The results confirm the viability of producing geopolymers based on FCC. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Game theory in sugarcane crop residue and available energy optimization

This work proposes a mathematical model to aid variety selection and planting quantity of sugarcane in order to reduce crop residues, maximize energy generated by this residue, and satisfy all the supply of the mill. We propose Linear Programming with two objective. The conflict between these objectives allows the use of the Nonzero-sum Game Theory. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. Ltd. All rights reserved.

Population structure and breeding period of Pachycheles monilifer (Dana) (Anomura, Porcellanidae) inhabiting sabellariid sand reefs from the littoral coast of São Paulo State, Brazil

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Thermal characterization of lignocellulosic residue from different sugarcanes

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Ocorrência e diversidade de ácaros (Acari, Arachnida) associados a Tabebuia roseo-alba (Ridl.) Sand (Bignoniaceae), no município de São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brasil

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Flow rate and hydrochemistry in areas of sand mining activities

This investigation reports the results of a study realized in areas related to the development of sand mining activities, which belong to CRS-Mineragao Industria e Comercio Ltd. and Sibelco Mineracao Ltd. Both areas are located around Analandia municipality, nearly in the center of São Paulo State, Brazil. Flow rate and hydrochemical analyses were realized over different periods of time, with the aim of evaluating the possibility of release of several constituents to the liquid phase, which may be a source of pollution of the surface hydrological resources. This is because some tributaries from the Corumbatai River may be suffering contamination, implying on the impoverishment of the water quality that is a very important resource in the region, as it is extensively used for drinking purposes, among others.

Chemical properties of soils treated with biological sludge from gelatin industry

O impacto dos resíduos orgânicos agroindustriais no ambiente pode ser reduzido com o seu uso agrícola. do ponto de vista da fertilidade do solo, o que se deseja com a aplicação dos resíduos é aumentar o teor de matéria orgânica e fornecer nutrientes para as plantas. Neste trabalho, objetivou-se avaliar o efeito do lodo biológico de indústria de gelatina em atributos químicos de dois Argissolos Vermelho-Amarelos (PVA-arenoso e PVA-textura média) e de um Latossolo Vermelho (LV-argiloso). O experimento foi conduzido por 120 dias em laboratório, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado e esquema fatorial combinando os três solos e seis doses de lodo (0, 100, 200, 300, 400 e 500 m³ ha-1), com três repetições. A aplicação de até 500 m³ ha-1 de lodo diminui a acidez do solo e aumenta a CTC efetiva e a disponibilidade de N, Ca, Mg e P, sem ultrapassar o limite de tolerância para Na. O aumento do teor de bases, maior do que o da CTC efetiva, indica que a maior parte dos cátions adicionados pelo lodo permanece em solução e pode ser perdida por lixiviação.