84 resultados para RNA later
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
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Pós-graduação em Patologia - FMB
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Corioamnionite é definida como inflamação das membranas corioamnióticas, sendo que tal inflamação resulta geralmente de infecção bacteriana do líquido amniótico, das membranas fetais e da placenta. O sistema imune inato constitui a primeira linha de defesa do hospedeiro contra patógenos e nesse sentido os receptores Toll-like (TLR) são importantes reguladores dessa resposta inespecífica. Entretanto, a expressão desses receptores nas membranas corioamnióticas de gestações complicadas por corioamnionite não está bem estabelecida. Investigar a expressão de receptores Toll-like -2 e -4 em membranas corioamnióticas de gestações complicadas por corioamnionite. Foram incluídas no estudo 48 membranas corioamnióticas, coletadas no Serviço de Obstetrícia do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, UNESP, no período de janeiro a novembro de 2008, de gestações pré-termo e de termo, incluindo gestantes com rotura prematura de membranas pré-termo (RPM-PT), trabalho de parto pré-termo (TPP) além de gestações de termo (GT). Fragmentos das membranas corioamnióticas foram encaminhados à análise histopatológica para confirmação de corioamnionite histológica. Outros fragmentos de 1cm2 das membranas foram acondicionados em RNA later® e foram submetidos à extração de RNA total. Após a extração do RNA, as amostras com concentração entre 0,02 e 0,2μg/ μL de RNA foram submetidas à obtenção de cDNA para posterior utilização na quantificação da expressão de TRL-2 e TLR-4 pela técnica da PCR em tempo real empregando-se o sistema TaqMan® Gene Expression Assays. Dentre as 24 membranas corioamnióticas com presença de corioamnionite, 41,7% foram obtidas de... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
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As membranas corioamnióticas são barreiras mecânicas contra a ascensão de microrganismos e possuem papel fundamental no sistema imune inato. Quando é invadida por microrganismos apresenta corioamnionite aguda, que é a infiltração das membranas fetais por leucócitos polimorfonucleares. Entretanto as membranas têm efeito inibitório sobre o crescimento de muitas bactérias, em parte, pela produção de defensinas. Quantificar a expressão de defensinas (HBD1, 3 e 4) por membranas corioamnióticas de gestações complicadas por corioamnionite. Foram incluídos no estudo 40 fragmentos de membranas corioamnióticas, com diagnóstico histológico de corioamnionite, provenientes de gestações complicadas por rotura prematura de membranas pré-termo (RPM-PT) e/ou trabalho de parto prematuro (TPP) que apresentaram parto prematuro como desfecho gestacional, constituindo o grupo estudo (G1). Como grupo controle (G2), foram avaliadas 40 membranas corioamnióticas, com ausência de corioamnionite e pareadas pela idade gestacional ao grupo estudo. Fragmentos das membranas corioamnióticas foram encaminhados à análise histopatológica para confirmação de corioamnionite histológica. Outros fragmentos de 1cm2 das membranas foram acondicionados em RNA later e submetidos à extração de RNA total. Após a extração do RNA, as amostras com concentração entre 0,02 e 0,2μg/ μL de RNA foram submetidas à obtenção de cDNA e posterior utilização na quantificação da expressão de defensinas pela técnica da PCR em tempo real empregando-se o sistema TaqMan® Gene Expression Assays. Em relação às variáveis sócio-demográficas, as porcentagens de mulheres que referiram união estável, cor branca e hábito tabagista foram similares entre os grupos estudados. Em relação às variáveis obstétricas não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os grupos G1 e G2... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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To determine the incidence of rotavirus infection among dairy herds in the State of Sdo Paulo, Brazil, 576 faecal samples obtained from calves aged 1-45 days with and without diarrhoea, reared on 63 dairy cattle farms, were analyzed. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) identified 28 samples positive for group A rotavirus, while four samples, two diarrhoeic and two non-diarrhoeic, showed a bisegmented genome with a typical picobirnavirus pattern. Electron microscopy revealed spherical virus particles with a diameter of 37 nm and without a defined surface structure. The present study is the first report of a bisegmented virus identified in cattle in Brazil. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. Ltd. All rights reserved.
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The human ZC3H14 gene encodes an evolutionarily conserved Cys(3)His zinc finger protein that binds specifically to polyadenosine RNA and is thus postulated to modulate post-transcriptional gene expression. Expressed sequence tag (EST) data predicts multiple splice variants of both human and mouse ZC3H14. Analysis of ZC3H14 expression in both human cell lines and mouse tissues confirms the presence of multiple alternatively spliced transcripts. Although all of these transcripts encode protein isoforms that contain the conserved C-terminal zinc finger domain, suggesting that they could all bind to polyadenosine RNA, they differ in other functionally important domains. Most of the alternative transcripts encode closely related proteins (termed isoforms 1, 2. 3, and 3short) that differ primarily in the inclusion of three small exons, 9, 10, and 11, resulting in predicted protein isoforms ranging from 82 to 64 kDa. Each of these closely related isoforms contains predicted classical nuclear localization signals (cNLS) within exons 7 and 11. Consistent with the presence of these putative nuclear targeting signals, these ZC3H14 isoforms are all localized to the nucleus. In contrast, an additional transcript encodes a smaller protein (34 kDa) with an alternative first exon (isoform, 4). Consistent with the absence of the predicted cNLS motifs located in exons 7 and 11, ZC3H14 isoform 4 is localized to the cytoplasm. Both EST data and experimental data suggest that this variant is enriched in testes and brain. Using an antibody that detects endogenous ZC3H14 isoforms 1-3 reveals localization of these isoforms to nuclear speckles. These speckles co-localize with the splicing factor, SC35, suggesting a role for nuclear ZC3H14 in mRNA processing. Taken together, these results demonstrate that multiple transcripts encoding several ZC3H14 isoforms exist in vivo. Both nuclear and cytoplasmic ZC3H14 isoforms could have distinct effects on gene expression mediated by the common Cys(3)His zinc finger polyadenosine RNA binding domain. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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mRNA stability is modulated by elements in the mRNA transcript and their cognate RNA binding proteins. Poly(U) binding protein 1 (Pub1) is a cytoplasmic Saccharomyces cerevisiae mRNA binding protein that stabilizes transcripts containing AU-rich elements (AREs) or stabilizer elements (STEs). In a yeast two-hybrid screen, we identified nuclear poly(A) binding protein 2 (Nab2) as being a Pub1-interacting protein. Nab2 is an essential nucleocytoplasmic shuttling mRNA binding protein that regulates poly(A) tail length and mRNA export. The interaction between Pub1 and Nab2 was confirmed by copurification and in vitro binding assays. The interaction is mediated by the Nab2 zinc finger domain. Analysis of the functional link between these proteins reveals that Nab2, like Pub1, can modulate the stability of specific mRNA transcripts. The half-life of the RPS16B transcript, an ARE-like sequence-containing Pub1 target, is decreased in both nab2-1 and nab2-67 mutants. In contrast, GCN4, an STE-containing Pub1 target, is not affected. Similar results were obtained for other ARE- and STE-containing Pub1 target transcripts. Further analysis reveals that the ARE-like sequence is necessary for Nab2-mediated transcript stabilization. These results suggest that Nab2 functions together with Pub1 to modulate mRNA stability and strengthen a model where nuclear events are coupled to the control of mRNA turnover in the cytoplasm.
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Pre-mRNA maturation in trypanosomatids occurs through a process called trans-splicing which involves excision of introns and union of exons in two independent transcripts. For the first time, we present the standardization of Trypanosoma cruzi permeable cells (Y strain) as a model for trans-splicing study of mRNAs in trypanosomes, following by RNase protection reaction, which localizes the SL exon and intron. This trans-splicing reaction in vitro was also used to analyze the influence of NFOH-121, a nitrofurazone-derivative, on this mechanism. The results suggested that the prodrug affects the RNA processing in these parasites, but the trans-splicing reaction still occurred.
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BackgroundDetection and quantification of hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA is integral to diagnostic and therapeutic regimens. All molecular assays target the viral 5'-noncoding region (59-NCR), and all show genotype-dependent variation of sensitivities and viral load results. Non-western HCV genotypes have been under-represented in evaluation studies. An alternative diagnostic target region within the HCV genome could facilitate a new generation of assays.Methods and FindingsIn this study we determined by de novo sequencing that the 3'-X-tail element, characterized significantly later than the rest of the genome, is highly conserved across genotypes. To prove its clinical utility as a molecular diagnostic target, a prototype qualitative and quantitative test was developed and evaluated multicentrically on a large and complete panel of 725 clinical plasma samples, covering HCV genotypes 1-6, from four continents (Germany, UK, Brazil, South Africa, Singapore). To our knowledge, this is the most diversified and comprehensive panel of clinical and genotype specimens used in HCV nucleic acid testing (NAT) validation to date. The lower limit of detection (LOD) was 18.4 IU/ml (95% confidence interval, 15.3-24.1 IU/ml), suggesting applicability in donor blood screening. The upper LOD exceeded 10(-9) IU/ml, facilitating viral load monitoring within a wide dynamic range. In 598 genotyped samples, quantified by Bayer VERSANT 3.0 branched DNA (bDNA), X-tail-based viral loads were highly concordant with bDNA for all genotypes. Correlation coefficients between bDNA and X-tail NAT, for genotypes 1-6, were: 0.92, 0.85, 0.95, 0.91, 0.95, and 0.96, respectively; X-tail-based viral loads deviated by more than 0.5 log10 from 5'-NCR-based viral loads in only 12% of samples (maximum deviation, 0.85 log10). The successful introduction of X-tail NAT in a Brazilian laboratory confirmed the practical stability and robustness of the X-tail-based protocol. The assay was implemented at low reaction costs (US$8.70 per sample), short turnover times (2.5 h for up to 96 samples), and without technical difficulties.ConclusionThis study indicates a way to fundamentally improve HCV viral load monitoring and infection screening. Our prototype assay can serve as a template for a new generation of viral load assays. Additionally, to our knowledge this study provides the first open protocol to permit industry-grade HCV detection and quantification in resource-limited settings.