Committees for ethics in research involving human subjects

In Brazil since October 1996 there have been guidelines for research involving human subjects. Now human subjects know when their treatment is part of research. Deceit is no longer tolerated. But is not enough to say we offer an explanation to the potential subject and we offer a choice before he or she is confronted with an informed consent form. As in all professional activity, scientific investigation needs social controls. In Brazil, the ultimate responsibility of an investigation lies on the investigator, but in every institution where research is carried out there is a Committee for Ethics in Research. All Committees are subordinated to the National Commission of Ethics in Research, which is submitted to the Brazilian Institute of Health. During 2005 around 17,000 protocols involving 700,000 human subjects were revised by 475 Committees distributed all over the country. Approximately 7,000 people are now working in these Committees.

A formação inicial do professor de geografia e cartografia escolar: práticas reflexivas

Pós-graduação em Geografia - IGCE

O ensino de física no estado de São Paulo: os cadernos do professor e do aluno no discurso oficial e nas representações dos professores

Pós-graduação em Educação para a Ciência - FC

A new way of analyzing occlusion 3 dimensionally

This article introduces a new method for 3-dimensional dental cast analysis, by using a mechanical 3-dimensional digitizer, MicroScribe 3DX (Immersion, San Jose, Calif), and TIGARO software (not yet released, but available from the author at hayasaki@dent.kyushu-u.ac.jp). By digitizing points on the model, multiple measurements can be made, including tooth dimensions; arch length, width, and perimeter; curve of Spee; overjet and overbite; and anteroposterior discrepancy. The bias of the system can be evaluated by comparing the distance between 2 points as determined by the new system and as measured with digital calipers. Fifteen pairs of models were measured digitally and manually, and the bias was evaluated by comparing the variances of both methods and checking for the type of error obtained by each method. No systematic errors were found. The results showed that the method is accurate, and it can be applied to both clinical practice and research. Copyright © 2005 by the American Association of Orthodontists.

Teledermatologia - Passado, presente e futuro

Teledermatology is the area of Telemedicine that studies the application of telecommunication and information technology to dermatology practice without the presence of a specialist. It is a potential manner to deliver health planning, research, education, clinical meetings, second medical opinions and dermatological care to populations who cannot easily travel. The evolution, cost reduction and dissemination of telecommunication and information technology have enabled the implementation of low cost and comprehensive teledermatology systems to support clinical practice all over the world. © 2005 by Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia.

Basics of digital photography in dermatology

Digital technology has promoted a great popularization of photographic registration in several medical areas. Because of its visual nature, dermatology has incorporated the benefits of this tool in clinical practice and research. This article aims to offer guidance to the dermatologist who is unfamiliar with this technology, providing basic understanding for the best use of digital photography equipment. ©2006 by Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia.

The flower workshop in psychosocial rehabilitation: A pilot study

We report a pilot study with the Flower Workshop, a new modality of psychosocial rehabilitation group activity. Cognitive performance in schizophrenia and other mental conditions can be impaired depending on the tasks to be executed and their respective social context. The vulnerability of these individuals can be reduced by means of cognitive and socio-affective facilitation. We conducted a pilot study to introduce the Flower Workshop in a public Mental Health Service in the city of Ribeirao Preto (Sao Paulo-Brasil) with 12 participants during 18 months (2002-2003). With cognitive and socio-affective facilitation, participants were able to construct vases and make flower arrangements successfully.

Justiça penal autoritária e consolidação do estado punitivo no Brasil

The Brazilian democratic transition, still underway today, has run up against enormous difficulty in incorporating penal action. Or, put in yet stronger terms, we could say that the boundaries of democratization processes, delineated through the action of that sector of the State, reveal the possibility that the juridical field remains immune to democratizing change. Although prevailing discourse among law professionals asserts that Penal Justice is undergoing democratization, what we have observed in practice is a strong resistance within the juridical field to assuming political responsibilities within the consolidation of democracy. This article reports analyses and conclusions formulated through observation of the Brazilian penal justice system that gave origin to the thesis entitled Penal Justice in Brazil today: democratic discourse, authoritarian practice. The research sought to reflect on contemporary criminal justice policy, which has been guided by the widening of repression and the continued use of incarceration. Such policy, carried out in Brazil since the beginning of the 1985 political opening has adjusted itself to the liberal project that is also currently underway in the country, as well as in almost the entire Western capitalist world. As we can observe, Penal Justice, even during the execution of sentences, operates in authoritarian and exclusive ways, suppressing the rights guaranteed by law to those who have been sentenced and adopting extremely repressive forms as demonstrated by the extremely sparse benefits that it concedes. Thus, in Brazil, criminality has generally been responded through severe sentences, reflected in the absence of guarantees of constitutional rights and ample recourse to incarceration. In this vein, our contemporary democratic governments have frequently adopted a punitive stance that seeks to reaffirm the State's aptitudes for punishing and controlling criminality. © 2009 Revista de Sociologia e Política.

A Cia. La Mínima e a comicidade no espetáculo A Noite dos Palhaços Mudos

Pós-graduação em Artes - IA

Análise combinatória no ensino médio apoiada na metodologia de ensino-aprendizagem-avaliação de matemática através da resolução de problemas

Pós-graduação em Educação Matemática - IGCE

As possíveis inter-relações das redes comunicativas - blogs - e das comunidades de prática no processo de formação de professores de Matemática

Pós-graduação em Educação Matemática - IGCE

Diferentes realidades: ticas de matema na matemática escolar

Pós-graduação em Educação Matemática - IGCE

Uso de calculadoras em aulas de matemática: o que os professores pensam

Pós-graduação em Educação Matemática - IGCE

Sistemas apostilados de ensino: as percepções dos professores dos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental de Álvares Machado-SP

Pós-graduação em Educação - FCT

A mediação do bibliotecário na pesquisa escolar face a crescente virtualização da informação

Pós-graduação em Ciência da Informação - FFC