Uso de recursos e padrão de co-ocorrência com insetos predadores em comunidades sub-tropicais de girinos

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Aspectos físicos e mentais na qualidade de vida de pacientes com doença de Parkinson idiopática

A doença de Parkinson (DP) é um distúrbio crônico e progressivo, caracterizado pela degeneração de neurônios dopaminérgicos da substantia nigra mesencefálica. A lesão das vias subcorticais, em especial a nigro-estriato-palidal, é particularmente comum e ocasiona uma série de sinais e sintomas incapacitantes. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a qualidade de vida (QV) relacionada à saúde de sujeitos com DP e compará-la à de indivíduos controles saudáveis. Foram avaliados 40 sujeitos com idades entre 61 e 83 anos, de ambos os sexos, que foram divididos em dois grupos: grupo Parkinson (n=21), composto por sujeitos com DP idiopática, e grupo controle (n=19), de indivíduos sem distúrbios neurodegenerativos. Para a coleta de dados, foi utilizada a versão brasileira do questionário Brasil SF-36. Os resultados foram analisados estatisticamente, com nível de significância fixado em 1%. Os sujeitos do grupo Parkinson apresentaram escores significativamente mais baixos do que os do grupo controle, tanto no domínio físico quanto no mental, medidos pelo SF-36. Essa baixa QV provavelmente é explicada pela co-ocorrência de fenômenos neurodegenerativos e do sofrimento psíquico gerado pela doença e pelo estigma que ela produz. Abordagens interdisciplinares devem ser estimuladas a pacientes com DP, com o objetivo de melhorar sua qualidade de vida e postergar o declínio físico e mental inerente às condições degenerativas.

Os advérbios focalizadores no português falado do Brasil: uma abordagem funcionalista

Pós-graduação em Estudos Linguísticos - IBILCE

História natural da aranha Corinna sp. nov. (Corinnidae): interações com bromélias e comportamento de submersão em fitotelmata

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Interações de aranhas (Araneae) e artrópodes-praga (Acari e Hemiptera) em cultivos comerciais de seringueira (Hevea brasiliensis) no Noroeste do Estado de São Paulo

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Processos ecológicos e filogenéticos na estruturação de comunidades de girinos

Pós-graduação em Biologia Animal - IBILCE

Comorbidade em fobia social no transtorno obsessivo-compulsivo: prevalência e fatores associados

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Diversidade e distribuição dos anfíbios anuros do núcleo Curucutu, Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar, SP

Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Zoologia) - IBRC

Escherichia coli from Crohn’s disease patient displays virulence features of enteroinvasive (EIEC), enterohemorragic (EHEC), and enteroaggregative (EAEC) pathotypes

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

P-215-Quantitative variation of some gut bacteria in Crohn's disease can be related to the patient's gender

Background: Imbalance in bacterial species composition of the gut microbiota is one of the factors associated with the cause or complication of the symptoms of Crohn's disease (CD). This disequilibrium consists in the reduction of biodiversity, decrease of genus such as Bifidobacterium and elevation of species such as Escherichia coli. Human microbiota varies among subjects of a same population irrespective of their health condition and among individuals living in distinct geographic locations. In animal models, sex related differences could also be observed in gut bacterial species composition under some pathological conditions. Experiments conducted with mice have demonstrated that the manifestation of type 1 diabetes (T1D) could be under the influence of the animal sex and its serum level of testosterone, which in turn could be modulated by a particular gut microbiota. Considering the existence of similar features between T1D and CD, such as strong genetic component and malfunctioning of the immune system, we investigated whether differences could be observed in the gut microbiota dysbiosis of male and female CD patients. Methods: Fifty and 5 gut mucosal biopsies from 25 adult CD patients (11 males and 14 females) and 43 specimens of an equivalent clinical material from 22 control subjects (11 males and 11 females) were screened for bacterial biodiversity by analyzing sequences of 16SrDNA V6 region. A number of 2-3 samples each from distinct gut segments (from ileum to rectum) were taken from each subject. The 16SrDNA sequences were obtained by sequencing PCR amplicons of the corresponding gene in the Ion torrent PGM sequencer. Identification and classification of the bacterial groups followed the Ribosomal Database Project (RDP) website pipeline. The relationships of the bacterial taxa with each of the study parameters was performed by compiling the data in a MS Excel and the level of statistical significance determined by the Chi-square test. Results: A total of 3203 16SrDNA sequences were detected in the 98 biopsies samples, the majority of which matching Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacterioidetes, and Actinobacteria. The percentage of DNA sequences for each of these phyla found in Male control subjects/Male CD patients was 40.5/33, 32.7/32.4, 20.8/24.5, and 4.4/4,4 for Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacterioidetes, and Actinobacteria, respectively. In Female comparisons, these values were 35.6/42, 39.2/26.3, 19.8/23.3, 5.2/7. Both Male and Female CD patients presented higher numbers of sequences of Actinobacteria and Bacterioidetes than those of control subjects of the same gender. Case-control differences for Firmicutes could be observed only in female comparisons and, for Proteobacteria, although case-control differences were observed in both genders, the nature of difference was distinct, since while in CD female patients a higher number of sequences matching this phylum was detected, in males a reduced number was observed, in comparison with controls. The species responsible for the Proteobacteria variation in both gender was Escherichia coli. Conclusions: The data presented above suggest that any analysis of dysbiosis in CD must take in account the patient's gender, an observation particularly relevant for Escherichia coli, whose association with CD has been most intensively investigated and for which the present study shows a reverse quantitative variation regarding the patients' gender.

P-233-Biodiversity of mucosa associated microbiome of Crohn's disease patients living in middle western São Paulo State, Brazil

Background: The intestinal microbiome (IM) has extensively been studied in the search for a link of bacteria with the cause of Crohn`s disease (CD). The association might result from the action of a specific pathogen and/or an eventual imbalance in bacterial species composition of the gut. The innumerous virulence associated markers and strategies described for adherent and invasive Escherichia coli (AIEC) have made them putative candidate pathogens for CD. IM of CD patients shows dysbiosis, manifested by the proliferation of bacterial groups such as Enterobacteriaceae and reduction of others such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. The augmented bacterial population comprising of commensal and/or pathogenic organisms super stimulates the immune system, triggering the inflammatory reactions responsible for the clinical manifestations of the disease. Considering the role played by IM in CD and the multiple variables influencing its species composition, resulting in differences among populations, the objective of this study was to determine the bacterial biodiversity in the mucosa associated microbiome of CD patients from a population not previously subject to this analysis, living in the middle west region of Sao Paulo state. Methods: A total of 4 CD patients and 5 controls subjects attending the Botucatu Medical School of the Sao Paulo State University (UNESP) for routine colonoscopy and who signed an informed consent were included in the study. A number of 2 biopsies, one from the ileum and other from any part of the terminal colon, were taken from each subject and immediately frozen at -70[degrees]C until DNA purification. The bacterial biodiversity was assessed by next generation (ion torrent) sequencing of PCR amplicons of the ribosomal DNA 16S V6 region (16S V6 rDNA). The bacterial identification was performed at the genus level, by alignment of the generated DNA sequences with those available at the ribosomal database project (RDP) website. Results: The overall DNA sequence output was based on an average number of 526,427 reads per run, matching 50 bacterial genus 16SrDNA sequences available at the RDB website, and 22 non matching sequences. Over 95% of the sequences corresponded to taxa belonging to the major phyla: Firmicutes, Bacterioidetes, Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria. Irrespective of the intestinal site analyzed, no case-control differences could be observed in the prevalence of Actinobacteria and Firmicutes. The prevalence of Proteobacteria was higher (40%) in the biopsies of control subjects as compared to that of DC patients (16%). For Bacterioidetes, the higher prevalence was observed among DC patients (33% as opposed to 14,5% in controls). The significance for all comparisons considered a p value < 0,05 in a Chi2 test. No mucosal site specific differences could be observed in IM comparisons of CD and control subjects. Conclusions: The rise in the number of Bacterioidetes observed here among CD patients seems to be in agreement with most of studies published thus far. Yet, the reduction in the number of Proteobacteria along with an apparently unaltered population of Actinobacteria and Firmicutes, which include the so called "beneficial" organisms Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus were rather surprising. These data suggest that the analyses on the role of IM in CD should consider the multiple variables that may influence its species composition.

P-220-Escherichia coli displaying virulence features of multiple diarrheogenic pathotypes detected in a Crohn's disease patient

Background: The number of Escherichia coli in the gut of Crohn's disease (CD) patients is higher than that of normal subjects, but the virulence potential of these bacteria is not fully known. Previous studies have shown that these E. coli are closely related to extraintestinal pathogenic categories (ExPEC), are able to invade epithelial cells, and usually do not produce exotoxins. We report here the detection, in a CD patient, of an E. coli which belongs to a classical enteropathogenic (EPEC) serotype and displays virulence markers of enteroinvasive (EIEC), enteroaggregative (EAEC) and enterohemorrhagic (EHEC) pathotypes. Methods: The E. coli strain was isolated, in 2009, by classical bacteriological procedures from a 56 year old woman who underwent ileo-terminal resection 1 year before, due to intestinal obstruction. The bacterial characterization was carried out by in vitro adhesion and invasion assays to cultured epithelial cells and macrophages and screening by PCR to identify virulence genetic markers of diarrheogenic E. coli (DEC) and to detect one of the gene combinations which define the phylogroups of the E. coli reference (EcoR) collection. The strain was also tested for the ability to produce biofilm and shiga cytotoxins and had its whole genome sequenced by Ion Torrent Sequencing Technology. Results: The studied strain, which was detected both in ileum biopsies and the stools of the patient, displayed the aggregative adherence (AA) phenotype to Hep-2 cells and an ability to enter Caco-2 cells 3x as high as that of EIEC reference strain and 89% of that of the prototype AIEC LF82 strain. Although it could invade cultured macrophages, the strain was unable to replicate inside these cells. PCR screening revealed the presence of eae, aggR and stx1. Tests with bacterial culture supernatants in Vero cells demonstrating cytotoxicity suggested the production of Stx1. In addition, the strain revealed to be a strong biofilm producer, belonged to the B2 EcoR phylogroup, to the O126:H27 serogroup and to the multilocus sequencing type (MLST) ST3057. The 2 later features were deduced from the whole genome sequence of the strain. Conclusions: The characterization of this E. coli isolate from a CD patient revealed a combination of virulence markers of distinct DEC pathotypes, namely eae and stx1 of EHEC, AA, aggR and biofilm formation of EAEC, and invasiveness of EIEC. These features along with its serotype and phylogroup identity seem to suggest a potential to be involved in CD, an observation which should be tested with additional studies.

Determination of interfacial co-ion concentration in ionic micelles by chemical trapping: Halide concentration at the interface of sodium dodecyl sulfate micelles

Products from the spontaneous reaction of a long-chain arenediazonium salt, 2,6-dimethyl-4-hexadecylbenzenediazonium tetrafluoroborate(16-ArN2BF4), in aqueous micellar solutions of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)? are used to estimate the local concentration of chloride and bromide ions at the micellar surface. The arenediazonium ion, 16-ArN2+, which is totally bound to the SDS micelle, reacts by rate-determining loss of N-2 to give an aryl cation that traps available nucleophiles, i,e., H2O, Cl-, and Br-, to give stable phenol, 16-ArOH, and halobenzene products, 16-ArCl and 16-ArBr, respectively. Product yields, determined by HPLC, are related to local concentrations using calibration curves obtained from independent standards. The local concentrations determined by this method are consistent with co-ion concentrations calculated, using a cell model, by numerical integration of the Poisson-Boltzmann equation (PBE) taking into account salt-induced micellar growth. The salt dependence of the intel facial concentrations of Cl- and Br- are identical. indicating no specific interactions in the interfacial co-ion compartment. PBE calculations predict that, in micellar SDS, increasing the concentration of a particular halide salt (NaX) at constant concentration of another halide (NaY) should result in an increase in the local concentrations of both co-ions. Using this chemical-trapping method, this prediction was demonstrated experimentally.

Influence of Zn2+ co-doping ion on Eu3+-O2- associate luminescence in Sr2SiO4

This work reports on the study about the luminescence behavior of Eu3+-O2- associates in Sr2SiO4 doped with Eu3+, or simultaneously doped with Eu3+ and Zn2+ ions, where the Zn2+ doping ion acts as a charge compensating agent. Both Sr2SiO4:Eu3+ and Sr2SiO4:Eu3+,Zn2+ emission spectra show two types D-5(0)-->F-7(0) type transitions, one type related to Eu3+ in the Sr2+ Site, at 577 and 580 nm and the other one related to Eu3+-O2- associates, at 574 nm. Excitation spectra present two CT bands at 275 and 324 nm related to each emission center, respectively. Comparing the relative intensities between the emission spectra, the 0-->0 transition at 574 nm assigned to Eu3+-O2- associates in the Sr2SiO4:Eu3+ emission spectrum is much more intense than the same transition in the Sr2SiO4:Eu3+,Zn2+ emission spectrum. Moreover, in the Sr2SiO4:Eu3+ excitation spectrum, the intensity ratio between the CT band related to the Eu3+-O2- emission center and Eu3+ F-7-->L-5(6) transition is also larger than in the Sr2SiO4:Eu3+,Zn2+ one. Therefore, the presence of Zn2+ species provides an extra charge compensating mechanism, which decreases the formation of Eu3+-O2- associates. (C) 2002 Elsevier B.V. B.V. All rights reserved.

Fases magnéticas em compostos Er'Co IND. x''Mn IND. 1-x''O IND> 3+ou - δ'

Pós-graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia de Materiais - FC