Impactos sociais da mineração do folhelho pirobetuminoso sobre a comunidade rural Dois Irmãos, desapropriada para fins de utilidade pública

The aim of this paper is to present the effects of social impacts of Petrobras/Six mining of oil shales over the rural community Dois Irmãos, located at Sao Mateus do Sul city, Paraná state. For making mining areas, PETROBRAS/SIX needs to expropriate areas of its interest. In 2010, for the implementation of the mine Dois Irmão, the last one, 90 families were evicted and they directly suffered the impacts of mining. Of these, 62 families were interviewed in order to investigate the main effects suffered with the expropriation. These results showed that the community had difficulties in upgrading its way of life in new places, experiencing how different types of problems were triggered from the loss of the lands.

Avaliação econômica de Eucalipto irrigado em diferentes cenários

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Irrigação e Drenagem) - FCA

Análise de investimento em confinamento bovino no centro-oeste brasileiro: um estudo de caso.

This study analyzed the economic viability of an investment in feedlot cattle on a farm in the midsize state of Goias. The research identified that different thematic studies whose interests have focused mainly on cost analysis and profitability punctual. Differently, this study used the approaches of the Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) and the Real Options Theory (ROT). The first used the projected cash flow for 10 years and a discount rate determined by CAPM at 8% p.a. for containment of heads 400. The second was modeled by the binomial model of Cox, Ross and Rubinstein (1979) incorporating the option of waiting. This methodology has not been employed in Brazilian cattle industry. The search results pointed to the economic viability of the project when considered possible scenarios for the different price ranges of the ox that state bushel. In addition, the TOR proved to be a more robust tool for investment analysis, by incorporating the flexibility of farmers to wait for the right time to make the confinement.

Análise econômica da criação de tambaqui em tanques-rede: estudo de caso em assentamento da reforma agrária

Aquaculture is a crucial source of income and livelihood for millions of people around the world. Most fish farms require technical knowledge expertise and qualified staff. This research was developed in Santa Felicidade Settlement Project Cocalzinho de Goias city - GO, where a substantial part of the settlers by INCRA are exploring subsistence farming activities. After meeting open to the 76 settler's families, those who joined the project received courses on intensive farming of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) in net cages. The production was an innovative technique, fully realized with the participatory labor of family members, without prejudice of the main activities. The economic analysis showed the return on invested capital in 7.5 years within the financial activity with 7.1% Internal Return Rate higher than the average interest rate market. The Net Cash Flow showed ability to fulfill financial obligations from the second year. The implementation of more productive cycles optimizes the workforce with increased operational efficiency. Diet alternatively produced with local ingredients can minimize the effects of critical variables of the project, since it does not affect productivity.

Propriedades físico-hídricas, desenvolvimento radicular e produtividade da soja em dois tipos de manejos de solo

The soybean culture is part of crop rotation used by irrigators from the southwestern region of São Paulo State that perform no-tillage soil management as a form of sustainable soil use. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of this conservationist practice on physicalhydric properties, soil compaction, root development, and soybean culture production components in relation to the conventional management. The experiment was conducted at the Buriti-Mirim Farm, Angatuba, SP, in Brazil, using an area irrigated by a center pivot system divided into two types of soil management: conventional and no-tillage. Although the no-tillage management presented higher soil density, lower water available and lower soil resistance to penetration, both soil managements showed no difference in relation to root development.

Efeito de dois sistemas de manejo do solo nas propriedades físicohídricas, desenvolvimento radicular e produtividade do milho irrigado

Corn cultivation is part of crop rotation used by irrigation farmers from the southwestern region of São Paulo state, Brazil, who use no-tillage soil management as a kind of sustainable use of soil. The effect of this conservative practice on physical and hydrical properties of the soil, root development and corn crop yield compared to the conventional management was the objective of this work. The experiment was held at the Buriti-Mirim Farm, Angatuba, SP, Brazil, using an irrigated area with a center pivot system and two types of soil management: conventional and no-tillage systems. Although the no-tillage management had higher soil density and less water availability, no significant difference was found for both management systems concerning soil resistance to penetration, root development and crop yield. In both systems of soil management, 90% of roots were concentrated in the first 0-20cm of soil layer.

Sustentabilidade estrutural de um solo na região do alto Paranapanema/SP, submetido a dois sistemas de cultivo

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Energia na Agricultura) - FCA

Efeito de dois sistemas de manejo do solo nas propriedades físico-hídricas, desenvolvimento radicular e produtividade do milho

Corn cultivation is part of crop rotation used by irrigation farmers from the southwestern region of São Paulo state, Brazil, who use no-tillage soil management as a kind of sustainable use of soil. The effect of this conservative practice on physical and hydrical properties of the soil, root development and corn crop yield compared to the conventional management was the objective of this work. The experiment was held at the Buriti-Mirim Farm, Angatuba, SP, Brazil, using an irrigated area with a center pivot system and two types of soil management: conventional and no-tillage systems. Although the no-tillage management had higher soil density and less water availability, no significant difference was found for both management systems concerning soil resistance to penetration, root development and crop yield. In both systems of soil management, 90% of roots were concentrated in the first 0-20cm of soil layer.

Atributos de qualidade de solos sob dois diferentes tipos de manejo no município de Ibiúna/SP, Brazil

Agricultural activity has direct consequences on the soil and water quality. Thus, assessing environmental impacts of this vital economic activity, through soil attribute analysis, is essential to the proposal of alternatives. The aim of this study was to analyze soil quality under different land management practices, conventional and organic. The study was carried out in a watershed of the Ibiuna municipality, SP, Brazil, an important supplier of agricultural products for the São Paulo metropolitan area. A hundred samples were collected, 20 in each type of land use: reforested areas, native vegetation, pasture, conventional cultivation and organic cultivation. The soil resistance to penetration, its pH (in water and KO), electrical conductivity, bulk density, particle density, porosity, soil color, soil texture and the percentages of carbon and nitrogen were analyzed. The data were statistically analyzed, searching for significant differences. The results of soil analysis showed great similarity between the organic and conventional culture, with no statistical differences. However, organic cultivation showed greater similarity to the soil of native vegetation in the percentage of carbon and nitrogen in soils compared to conventional culture. Thus, the discussion begins on a topic very little explored so far, and the results obtained should be further studied.

Processo de maturação das gônadas de pintado (Pseudoplatystoma corruscans) alimentado com dois níveis proteicos e suplementados com óleo de milho

Investigou-se o efeito da adição de C18:2n6, por meio da inclusão de óleo de milho em dietas com dois níveis de proteína bruta, sobre o processo de maturação de gametas de pintado, Pseudoplatystoma corruscans, mantidos em tanques-rede. Foram avaliados: taxa de sobrevivência, relação peso x comprimento, fator de condição (K) e índice gonadossomático (IGS). O experimento foi realizado entre março de 2004 e fevereiro de 2006, em 12 tanques-rede, distribuídos em seis viveiros-escavados de 600m² e densidade de estocagem de 20 peixes/tanque-rede. Utilizaram-se três tratamentos (T) com duas repetições/viveiro: T1 com 28% de PB; T2 com 28% de PB + 5% óleo de milho e T3 com 40% de PB. O crescimento foi ligeiramente mais alto nos peixes do T3. As taxas de sobrevivência foram acima de 77%. Pode-se inferir que as rações ofertadas não causaram alterações histomorfológicas durante o processo de maturação gonadal dessa espécie. O IGS e o K foram ligeiramente mais altos nos animais alimentados com a ração enriquecida com óleo de milho.

Seletividade do imazapic para dois cultivares de amendoim (Arachis hypogaea) cultivados na ausência e na presença de palha de cana-de-açúcar

Neste trabalho, objetivou-se estudar a seletividade de imazapic a dois cultivares de amendoim (Tatu Vermelho e IAC-5), em condições de ausência e de presença de palha de cana-de-açúcar. O experimento foi instalado em vasos, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com os tratamentos dispostos em esquema fatorial 3x2, com quatro repetições. Constituíram os fatores principais três doses de imazapic (0, 98 e 140 g ha-1), aplicadas em pré-emergência sobre duas condições de palha de cana-de-açúcar (0 e 15 t ha-1). Constatou-se que a camada de palha possui potencial em reter o herbicida, especialmente sob períodos de pouca precipitação ou irrigação; as plantas de amendoim sob esta condição apresentaram menos sintomas de intoxicação. Entretanto, na ausência da palha, as plantas, independentemente do cultivar, apresentaram maiores injúrias visuais e redução na altura, massa seca da parte aérea e raiz.

Desenvolvimento da cultura do feijoeiro submetida a dois sistemas de manejo de irrigação e de cultivo

A cultura do feijoeiro apresenta elevada importância no contexto agrícola nacional. Além de ser uma cultura que atende às características da agricultura familiar, também é cultivada em áreas extensivas com alta tecnologia. Pesquisas relacionadas ao desenvolvimento do feijoeiro frente às variantes edafoclimáticas regionais vêm assumindo papel de destaque, principalmente por se tratar de uma planta sensível tanto ao déficit quanto ao excesso hídrico. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a cultura do feijoeiro de 'inverno' submetida a dois métodos de manejo de irrigação, em pivô central, um via solo por meio de tensiômetros, outro via clima por meio do tanque Classe 'A', em dois sistemas de plantio, convencional e direto, no primeiro ano. Foram avaliados o índice de área foliar (IAF), massa seca total (MS) de plantas e a variação do potencial mátrico de água no solo. Concluiu-se que os manejos de irrigação e os sistemas de plantio não resultaram em diferenças no IAF e nem no acúmulo de matéria seca total ao longo do ciclo da cultura; o manejo da irrigação por tensiometria acarretou maior variação no potencial mátrico de água no solo do que o método via clima por meio do tanque Classe 'A'.

Crescimento e esporulação de duas espécies de arthrobotrys corda em diferentes meios de cultura e dois ambientes

The researches on the biological control of nematodes with nematophagous fungi has been intensified in recent years. The knowledge of the ecological conditions for the growth and sporulation of these fungi is a prerequisite for attainment of pure cultures needed to attend the demand for formulation of these organisms. With the objective to evaluate the micelial growth and sporulation of Arthrobotrys musiformis and A. oligospora in two environments (B.O.D at 25 +/- 1 degrees C and the environment of the Laboratory), 20 cultures media prepared with common materials found in the communities and industrialized media such as mycological agar, PDA and CMA were evaluated. The media were tested in Petri dishes, being the micelial growth of the fungi evaluated daily, during six days. The measured sporulation at the end of the experiment was done by estimation of the number of conidia/Petri dish. The experiment was carried out in a random design following a factorial arrangement of 20 x 2 x 2, corresponding to 20 media, two fungi and two environments, with five replicates. The variance analysis of the data evidenced significant statistical difference by the F Test, at 1% probability, among media x fungi x environment interaction. Fifty percent of the tested media provided the adequate micelial growth of A. musiformis and there was no statistical difference among them, namely: cassava meal (FM), sweet starch (PD), "corn meal agar" (CMA), oat in fine flakes (AFF), agar-water + dextrose (AA+D), mycological agar (AM), potato dextrose agar (BDA), meal of maize (FMI), flour of wheat (FT) and wheat for kibble (TK). In relation to A. oligospora, 75% of the tested media promoted the maximum growth of the fungus, which are: AFF, AM, FM, PD, CMA, AA+D, BDA, FT, TK, the water from the decoction of rice (AAZ), rice in grains (AZG), triturated rice (AZT), thread flour (FR), oats flour (FA), oats in thick flakes (AFG) and flour of maize (FU). In relation to the sporulation the media that had better role for A. musiformis, in decreasing order, were: FR, TK, AFG, BDA, FA, AFF, AM, FMI, AZT and FM, varying between 1,01 x 10(6) and 1,4 x 10(4) conidia/Petri dish. For the A. oligospora sporulation, the CMA medium provided the maximum level with an estimated average of 5,7 x 10(6) conidia/Petri dish. In the general, the best media for the micelial growth and sporulation of A. musiformis had also been the best for A. oligospora. However, some that had been the best for the A. oligospora did not had been efficient for the micelial growth or the sporulation of A. musiformis, indicating that the isolate of A. musiformis in case is more demanding than that A. oligospora one. The evidences from the study indicate that, in Jaboticabal, São Paulo state, the growth and the sporulation of these fungi do not demand special chambers. Some adaptations of an environment at the laboratory, enough to obliterate the light are sufficient.

Avaliação da função renal de cães sob dois protocolos para administração da cisplatina

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a função renal de cães sadios, sob dois protocolos para administração de cisplatina. MÉTODOS: Todos os animais foram submetidos a três sessões de quimioterapia com cisplatina (60mg/m², iv) a intervalos de 21 dias. Foi realizada fluidoterapia com solução de cloreto de sódio a 0,9%, (25mL/kg/hora,iv), durante duas horas e, após administração de cisplatina, por mais uma hora. Os animais do grupo 2 receberam furosemida (2mg/kg, iv) 20 minutos antes da administração da cisplatina. A avaliação da função renal foi feita por exame clinico, urinálise, concentrações séricas de uréia e creatinina, clearance de creatinina, excreção fracionada de sódio e de potássio e razão proteína: creatinina urinária. As avaliações foram feitas imediatamente antes e 1, 2, 5, e 21 dias após cada uma das três sessões de quimioterapia. RESULTADOS: Mantiveram-se dentro da normalidade, não sendo detectados sinais de lesões ou insuficiência renal. Os animais que não receberam furosemida sofreram aumento gradativo nas concentrações séricas de creatinina e diminuição no clearance da mesma. CONCLUSÃO: O regime de fluidoterapia empregado mostra ser efetivo em minimizar a ação nefrotóxica da cisplatina e benefício adicional importante é obtido pela administração de furosemida.