89 resultados para Desenhos institucionais


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Estimating total landings of artisanal fisheries in managed areas is essential for the development of programs aimed at the establishment of sustainable production systems. However, few experiences addressed the constraints of assessments targeted at multispecific and small scale fisheries with pulverized landings. Total annual production (fish, lobsters and octopus) at the Marine Extractive Reserve of Corumbau, Bahia, Brazil, in 2006, was estimated through yields recorded by fisherfolks, in the scope of a participatory fisheries monitoring program. Three designs were employed: 1) simple random sampling, 2) stratified random sampling by month and fishing frequency, 3) stratified random sampling by community, fishing frequency and months, resulting in estimates of 349t (95% confidence interval = 305-393), 330t (289-372) and 315t (279-351), respectively. This kind of information can help design strategies for aggregation of value to small scale fisheries production, and also for the dimensioning of the corresponding infrastructure. However, these estimates shall not be used to support fishing effort increase, as there is high uncertainty regarding the state of the stocks, as well as limitations related to the asymmetry in monthly landings per fisherfolk and to the sampling coverage in the different strata.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Pós-graduação em Ciências da Motricidade - IBRC

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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São analisadas as mudanças ocorridas no poder político local, mudanças decorrentes do impacto da extinção dos antigos partidos políticos, das mudanças no sistema eleitoral, da reforma tributária e da restrição do papel do legislativo federal. São mudanças, ademais, que provocam o aparecimento de políticos municipais diferenciados.

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O presente estudo inscreve-se no campo das políticas públicas para a infância destacando a questão da educação infantil como um dos direitos da criança. Atualmente, a criança é reconhecida como sujeito pleno de direitos, ganhando a infância maior visibilidade na sociedade, respaldada por dispositivos legais de âmbito internacional. Em contrapartida, os discursos teóricos e a realidade de milhares de crianças em todo o mundo têm revelado o estado paradoxal da condição da criança e da efetivação dos seus direitos. Portanto, o objetivo deste estudo foi o de analisar as concepções de criança, seus direitos e educação infantil apresentadas pelas educadoras das creches de Franca, e de que forma essas categorias são manifestadas nas práticas institucionais. A construção da pesquisa, referenciada na abordagem qualitativa, teve como aporte teórico-metodológico a teoria das representações sociais e o emprego de questionários e entrevistas semiestruturadas como instrumentos metodológicos para a coleta dos dados empíricos, posteriormente analisados pela técnica da análise de conteúdo. Com base nas análises desenvolvidas, constatou-se nos discursos e nas ações das profissionais representações da criança como um sujeito marcado pela condição de vir a ser, dependente do adulto, frágil e inocente, associadas a um modelo de educação infantil escolarizante e preparatório de futuras aprendizagens. Desta forma, as representações acerca das categorias criança, direitos e educação infantil não favorecem, efetivamente, para que as crianças exerçam a condição de sujeitos de direitos e protagonistas nos espaços institucionais, e para que as creches sejam legitimadas enquanto espaços de exercício da cidadania da infância.

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This paper features a research of the partnerships/agreements between the municipal public services and the private sphere to the offer of vacancies in Early Education, in the large counties of São Paulo. The study allowed us to identify different arrangements between the municipal public service and private institutions, which 30 of the 54 large counties of São Paulo turn to the services from partnerships as a mean to attend the local demand, including the institutions with lucrative purposes, being different of the traditional forms of partnerships instituted in Early Education. The text is based on the literature analysis about the theme and the information collected during the research from phone calls to municipal administrators, municipal official sites and government sites.

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This study investigated Social Care as an institution that creates mechanisms for the production of subjectivity in the care of children and adolescents. For this, we used some analytical coordinates, both conjectural and structural, models of care for mapping care in confrontation in the field of Social Care. It was concluded that there was two contradictory paradigms, in the dialectical sense, organizing social care, one being the philanthropic mode and the other the socioeducative mode. The first, which is hegemonic in the field, corresponds to a care entity still organized from philanthropic care and is guided by a minority age logic, articulated by a discourse of criminalizing the lower classes. It is informally based on the legal concept of irregular situations, which would develop preventive, repressive, correctional and moralizing care practices. The construction of a socioeducative mode implies socioeducative care that aims for an effective increase in the rights of children and adolescents, based on their status as subjects and citizens, through democratic, dialogic, participatory, multi-disciplinary and fundamentally emancipatory institutional practices.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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The article presents preliminary data of a survey that aimed to investigate the beliefs of children and adolescents about not learning. A total of 80 students, aged 6 to 16 years participated of the study. Among the participants, 20 are 6 years old, 20 are 9, 20 are 12 and 20 are 16 years old. As methodological tool, it was asked the participants to draw a person that learns and another one that doesn’t learn. Data was analyzed according to the Piagetian perspective for the construction of social knowledge. The main results indicate that a significant part of the participants tend to blame the students for the result of no learning. This indicates that students are able to consider the amplitude of different dimensions of social phenomena only partially. When considering the level of understanding of social reality, it was observed that, even at older ages, participants have a very basic notion of the social world.