20 resultados para Bancos de leche
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Os bancos de sangue de cordão umbilical e placentário foram criados a partir da comprovação de que o sangue de cordão umbilical e placentário (SCUP) é uma fonte rica em células progenitoras hematopoéticas (CPH) e alternativa às células provenientes da medula óssea para transplante, fato que gerou o interesse pelo armazenamento das células nele contidas. A legislação brasileira distingue bancos para uso alogênico não aparentado (públicos) e para uso exclusivamente autólogo (privados). Por sua vez, o armazenamento de SCUP para uso familiar (doação dirigida) pode ser realizado em bancos de sangue de cordão umbilical e placentário públicos, serviços de hemoterapia ou centros de transplante, quando há um membro da família do nascituro com doença diagnosticada e que necessite de transplante de CPH como tratamento. Apesar de a legislação ser clara, a Anvisa tem identificado o interesse sobre a possibilidade da liberação de unidades de SCUP, armazenadas em bancos autólogos, para a utilização de outrem, familiar, além do recém-nascido beneficiário. O objetivo do trabalho visa promover a reflexão sobre uma possível modificação dos parâmetros legais nacionais que regem os bancos de SCUP autólogo, tornando-os bancos com vistas ao uso familiar, por meio da exposição dos principais elementos relacionados ao tema. O estudo analisou os critérios técnico-sanitários legais para regulamentação dos bancos; descreveu as características das CPH de diversas fontes e tipos de doação para transplante; contextualizou a relação com os princípios da Bioética; avanços sobre terapia e pesquisas relativas às CPH; e discutiu possíveis riscos envolvidos no processo.
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Mastitis is an inflammatory process in the udder that can affect the quality and quantity of milk produced causing economic losses and risks for health. Considering the somatic cell count (SCCs) as indicator of udder health and the milk yield (MY) of buffaloes from São Paulo State, this study aimed to quantify the related losses in milk due to somatic cells count (SCC). 9404 sources of information from 2198 lactations that occurred between 1997 and 2004 were analysed. There was no relation between MY and the SCCs in the buffaloes at first parity. For the second parity in the months 1, 2, 5, 6 and 7 of lactation, there was a negative and significant relationship between SCCs and MY. For parities of three or more there was a significant and negative regression coefficient during every month of lactation betrween MY and SCC. The average losses varied from 0,18 to 2,2 milk liters per unit of SCCs. The results indicated large losses observed in the miltiparous buffaloes and that this category needs received special attention in terms of udder health. The effect of farm, parity and year, must be considered comparison between animals.
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There were analyzed 4757 complete lactations of the Murrah breed, daughters of 187 bulls, with the goal of verifying the viability upon employing the test-day (PDLC), on substitution of the milk yield at 305th day of lactation (PL305), in the genetic evaluations. The components of variance for the PDLC1 to PDLC9 and for the PL305 were estimated in uni-traits analysis according to maximum restricted likelihood method. The used model included the genetic direct additive random effects, of residual and permanent environment. There were considered as fixed effects, the contemporary group and the number of milkings and the age of the cow at the moment of parity co-variable (quadratic and linear effect). The contemporary groups were constituted by the herd-year-month of control for the PDLC and by herd-year-epoch of parity for PL305. The estimates of heritability for the PDLC and PL305 were 0.12 to 0.23 and 0.22, respectively. The correlations of order of the predicted genetic values for the 187 bulls, obtained between the PDLC and the PL305, were from moderate to high, varying from 67.74 to 83.12. From the minimum selection of the 10% of the best bulls relating to the predicted genetic value for the PL305, the coincidence among the classification of these animals was over 68%, when evaluated by the PDLC3,PDLC4,PDLC5 and PDLC6. Upon selecting the 5% of the best animals that coincidence presented a lower value.
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A total of 5575 monthly test-day yield records from 796 lactations buffaloes first in the north coast of Colombia. The model included random direct additive genetic and permanent environment effects. As fixed effects were included, contemporary groups, and age of cow at calving as covaraible, linear and quadratic effects. Test-day (PLDC) yield was 3.89 ± 1.14 kg. The PLDC ranged from 2.86 kg to 4.26 kg while the highest values towards the middle of lactation. The heritability estimates obtained for PLDC ranged from 0.23 to 0.47. Genetic correlations between PLDC, declining steadily increased the distance between PLDC. Phenotypic variances were higher in the initial PLDC and decreasing towards the end of lactation. The results found in this study indicate that there is a high genetic variability for the PLDC in the population studied using a random regression model.
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Objective of present work was study a influence of environmental and genetic effects over characteristics of milk total production (PL) and lactation duration (DL), from 2572 lactations of 477 Guzerat cows, collected since 1957 to 2002, in Rio de Janeiro State. Environmental effects were analyzed by an statistical model that include male randomized effect, fixed effect of contemporary group, and the (co)variables age of cow (lineal and quadratic) and lactation duration. The contemporary group had significant effect just for PL. Bayesian inference was used to obtain estimatives of genetic parameters over an animal model, in which was included as fixed effect the contemporary group and the covariables age of cow (linear and quadratic). The estimates of heritability and repeatability were 0.36 and 0.75 for PL and 0.29 and 0.36 for DL, respectively. The estimated genetic correlation was 0.97. The heritability estimates for PL and DL were moderate, indicating that it is possible answer to the selection of the characteristics under study. The genetic correlation was high and indicates that selection for increase milk production will be accompanied with increase in lactation duration.
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Zoologia) - IBRC
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Pós-graduação em Engenharia Elétrica - FEIS
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Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Zoologia) - IBB
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Este presente trabalho pretende compreender o papel dos bancos públicos brasileiros durante os anos 2000 a 2012 e sua relação com o desenvolvimento socioeconômico nacional. Adota-se a importância de estratégias nacionais de desenvolvimento, visando à atuação do Estado na economia para garantir o progresso econômico e social de toda a nação igualitariamente. Torna-se necessário separar o estudo em dois períodos, pré e pós crise econômica de 2008, a fim de observar a existência ou não da ação anticíclica dos bancos públicos no mercado de crédito brasileiro