Crianças e investigação: aspectos teórico-metodológicos e cuidados éticos nas produções dos grupos de pesquisa da UFRN

The concepts of childhood are part of a cultural construction and vary throughout history politically, economically and socially. Nouns such as "childhood" and "child" did not exist as sense of unity in periods prior to modernity, reinforcing their historical character as concepts that have been socially constructed as profess the Historical Social Psychology, theoretical perspective which will support this research. The sociology of childhood distinguishes the terms and changes the approach toward the adult researcher approach with respect to children, aiming to give voice to the child. When it comes to defining the role of children in research, the researcher must take into consideration several relevant criteria such as age, gender, time, listening to the adults close to the children, the level of language and education and which children that will be heard in a group. It is from this discussion, considering the importance of children's participation in the research that are established the purpose of this work, namely, to analyze the theoretical and methodological aspects and ethical guidelines considered in the research process with children, by researchers at the UFRN, presenting as specific objectives: analyze and discuss, from research reports, the adopted ethical procedures and methods used in research with children. Set the goal, it was made a search of the UFRN Research Groups in SIGAA in order to select those which investigate children for participating in our survey. Among the centers of UFRN, we selected the Health Sciences Centre - CCSA, the Humanities Center, Letters and Arts - CCHLA, the Biosciences Center - CB and the Health Sciences Center - CCS, a total of 64 finalized reports to be analyzed. And here it is the observation that the foolish reports were not analyzed for ethical reasons as the guiding of this dissertation is the coordinator of the research group mentioned. In this study, we chose the documentary analysis of the finalized reports from UFRN research projects teachers / researchers as procedure to set up the corpus of the research. Data analysis was performed from the qualitative analysis in the following categories were established: the concept of childhood, concept of child, age of the subjects, the research context, theoretical and methodological care adopted and ethical care. It is hoped that this study will contribute with reflections on the ethical and theoretical and methodological care on research with children. The research showed how some of the results: significant number of reports excluded by repetition, most reports did not bring any closing remarks, no different procedures for children, with rare exceptions, the ethical issue was not mentioned in 50% of reports.

Infância e regimentos escolares no Rio Grande do Norte (1910-1920)

RODRIGUES, Marta Bezerra; MEDEIROS, Ana Luiza. Infância e regimentos escolares no Rio Grande do Norte (1910-1920). In: COLÓQUIO NACIONAL DA AFIRSE, SECÇÃO BRASILEIRA, 6., 2011, Teresina, 2011. Anais... Teresina: Universidade Federal do Piauí, 2011.

Wittgenstein e Bourdieu: diálogos para uma sociologia prática

The dialogue between philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein s notions and Pierre Bourdieu s sociological concepts related to social practice of language shows that the philosophy of language has an important influence on contemporary social theory. When we compare the ideas of these authors we discover that beyond the direct influences from the philosopher that the sociologist recognizes there are great parallelisms of thought. That is, Wittgenstein s pragmatic thought of the use of language does not concern only language, but also every socially built behavior. When we notice that the social and linguistic behavior are borne by the individual in a tacit way, that leads us to theorize about the prereflective dimension that builds human actions and even the habits of thought. The same processes allow the uses of language to build wider social practices. Besides, John Austin, one of Wittgenstein s disciples, and his speech acts theory, contribute with a way to reflecting on how language ressembles a concrete action. Finally, the linguistc therapy that Wittgenstein means to be his philosophical proposal is assimilated by Bourdieu, who takes it as one of the necessary topics of the sociological work

Sobre a constituição do sujeito: uma análise comparativa entre a psicologia sócio-sociologia do conhecimento de berger e luckmann

This study investigated how the process of the constitution of the subject is interpreted in the formulations of the founders of socio-historical psychology (Lev S. Vigotski, Alexei N. Leontiev and Alexander R. Luria) and in the sociology of knowledge of Peter Berger and Thomas Luckmann. These two theoretical perspectives, despite having different philosophical formulations as ontological and epistemological intentions (socio-historical psychology, historical dialectical materialism; the sociology of Berger and Luckmann and phenomenology) arrive, however, at the same basic conclusion about the social nature of the subject. The objective of the study, therefore, was that of identifying the differences and convergences between the two perspectives and then, try to determine the possibility of a theoretical synthesis between them in relation to the constitution of the subject. At the same time, we intended to analyse the implications of this possible synthesis in order to comprehend the manner in which the ideology functions in human societies as thought by Louis Althusser and Alípio de Sousa Filho. We arrived at the conclusion that, despite being incompatible from the ontological and epistemological points of view, a synthesis is possible between socio-historical psychology and the sociology of knowledge of Berger and Luckmann in relation to the conception of society and the comprehension of the process of the constitution of the subject. Starting from the philosophical intentions of socio-historical psychology, it is possible to incorporate, enriching points such as: Berger s and Luckmann sconception of society and the interpretation of the process of constitution of the subject. This possible synthesis, when interpreted in light of the reflections of Althusser and Sousa Filho on the phenomenon of ideology in human societies, is constituted in a real unveiling of the concrete provisos by which the ideology acts in human societies in order to transform biological examples of the human species in specific social subjects

Cola para quem tem fome: um ensaio sobre as potencialidades e limitações da sociologia da fome

This work aims to present a systematic study of sociology developed by Josué de Castro. It is a theoretical work that aims to evidence the potentialities and limitations of the hunger analysis theoretical models of contemporary sociology. It was used concepts of Social Institution (Berguer and Bourdieu), Habitus-precário and Ralé (Jessé Sousa) as weapons to comprehend better the hunger phenomenon on the sociology field, to consequently generate dialogs between Castros writings and the contemporary sociology. It demonstrates how hunger reproduces more by pre reflexive behavior patterns in a way that the moral rules become invisible and allow the phenomenon to continue in an invisible way

Miguilins no sertão da cabaça azul: incandescência, infância e devaneios poéticos em Mutum

Cette thèse concerne dans une lecture poétique du roman Campo Geral, de Guimarães Rosa, du film Mutum - basé sur le roman mentionné et réalisé par Sandra Kogut, et de l investigation das les villes de Minas Gerais/MG impliqués dans la production du film. Le but de cette lecture est de communiquer l'expérience onirique faite à partir d'une oeuvre cinématographique, à partir d un récit littéraire et la rencontre avec cinq acteurs non-professionnels et de trois membres de l'équipe de Mutum. Pour ça, le rêve poétique, proposé par Gaston Bachelard, il est utilisé comme une ressource cognitive à l'expérience de la réalité de semi-imaginaire l'homme, a partir de l actionnement du double dans le processus de participation affective (MORIN, 1997). Le film choisi abord des impressions d un enfant qui vit avec ses parents, avec ses frères, avec sa grand-mère et avec sa chienne Rebeca, dans un place appelé Mutum. Sous la perspective de l être rêveur, qui medite sur les images de l enfance onirique dans le contexte des régions sèches de la campagne, des régions qui sont transformées et étendues à travers le rêve poétique, nous arrivons à l enfance méditative (BACHELARD, 2006). Tout au long de la narration de cette recherche, Guimarães Rosa, la réalisatrice Sandra Kogut, moi-même comme un individu / chercheur et les interlocuteurs de la famille Mutum que j'ai trouvé dans Minas Gerais, nous sommes tous pris comme Miguilins qui rêvent de La région Cabaça Azul. Incandescents, multiples, primitives, ces Miguilins sont porteurs des papiers colores et avec elle ils comprennent la participation de l'homme dans le Grand Récit (SERRES, 2005)

Diálogos com o homem imaginário: pensando o uso de imagens no ensino de sociologia

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Canções no ensino de sociologia: reflexões e aplicação

As Sociology becomes a mandatory subject in the curricular componentof Brazilian high schools, we find anopportune moment to proposals and changes in the subject and in teaching, in a general aspect. It s noticed the great importance of the role that the create imagination plays in individual s formation (BACHELARD), and it s also seen that Brazilian education system has marginalized imagination to the detriment of a unifocused scientism that sterilizes creativity, playfulness and poetry in its educational process. Nevertheless, a way of thinking redefinitions to the educational horizons of Sociology as a subject and education is upheld. An educational practice that reconnects the prosaic and the poetic, using images/songs as paths/strategies of the teaching-learning process. As for that, the school structure was used where the tutor work was done to undertake experiences that made the use of songs as strategy to facilitate/stimulate the learning of the subject Sociology in high school. From thoughts and results of this experience, plus the bibliographic studies, analysis were made. The goal of this essay is to make use and stimulate the creation of poetic images from the teaching point of view, specially the Sociology subject in high school, rethinking and searching more efficient and playful ways of approaching and building educational methods from images; stimulating the development of the Thinking Reform and the Anthropoetics of the human gender (MORIN); acknowledging that imagination is an indispensable part of our integral formation

Michel Foucault e a dominação: contribuições para a sociologia

In this master s thesis I intend to carry out an interpretation of Michel Foucault s thought that points out the relations and theoretical, conceptual and thematic consequences with sociology in his work and theoretical propositions. For my argumentation and analysis I take as a base a specific part of his thought: the problem of domination in modern societies in the genealogic texts in the decade of 1970. It s about to identify how Foucault does his analysis of the relations of domination and the use of the power with the objective to suggest and point out his contribution to sociological analysis of domination. I will discuss the foucaultian program of the study of domination from four units of analysis: person constitution, knowledge, power and truth. The structure and division of the chapters will follow the specific and detailed study of each of those units of analysis, prioritizing their theoretical sense and consequences to the sociology. Thus, in the first chapter, I will highlight a little more the relations of affinity and the convergences between Foucault and the sociology in a way to offer more elements to justify the general objectives that this work intends to achieve. In the second chapter, I will analyze the subject of domination in Foucault s thought, discussing his basic presuppositions and its intrinsic relation with the heart of the foucaultian philosophical project, the person constitution. In turn, in the third and fourth chapter, I will discuss the interdependence between knowledge and power as an essential and opaque dimension of the ways of modern domination. In the fifth chapter, I will analyze the relation between domination and the truth discourse production

Concepções de infância e de educação infantil que permeiam a prática docente

This investigation proposes to analyze the teaching practice in the Child Education, considering the childhood and the Child Education conceptions declared by the teachers. It was opted as methodological approach the qualitative conception of research, marking a critical perspective of the subjects, and their relations in the educational processes. It was privileged as instruments of construction of the data, the observation of the practices of the teachers developed in the ordinary day, the semistructured interviews, and the documental analysis to complement information, through the developing report of the students, done by the teachers in the end of the teaching year. This way, from the understanding of the childhood in a social perspective, and historically constructed, considering the concrete children insertion in the social reality and the child as a whole subject and by rights, it was developed the interpretative analysis of the data. The investigated reality showed that the childhood conceptions linked to the comprehension of child and child development, declared by the teachers, subjects of the research, have been associated, in some aspects, to the present thought of thinking and acting in relation to the small child, evidencing, consequently, several limitations of pedagogical order, and the demanding evidence of a bigger development of the teachers about the question.

Identidade e docência: o saber-fazer do professor de sociologia das escolas públicas estaduais de Picos - PI

This study deals with Sociology teacher identity issues. This is done considering daily routines of Sociology grade school teachers in the city of Picos in the state of Piauí-Brazil. Thus, the research aims to acknowledge the manner the inter-relations between the teacher s know-how and the process of construction of the professional identity of these teachers occur. It is seen that the discipline of Sociology in this context brings out processes related to inclusion and exclusion once the subject of Sociology is distinguished as unstable in relation to other disciplines. However, in June 2008, the law included the Sociology as a discipline 11,684 mandatory on all high school series.The theoretical and methodological procedures of this research were based on an ethnographic qualitative nature research and enabled a documental analysis. In order to collect data, a semi-structured questionnaire was applied in collective and individual in four state schools in the city of Picos in Piauí. The analysis of the information was based in content analysis from the proposals made by Bardin (1997), and Franco (2008). The information was then organized in knowledge matrixes that allowed the identification of themes divided into two thematic axes: teacher education: the search for sense making in experience and the exercise of teaching as well as the Sociology grade school teacher s daily routine. The research enables the understanding of the senses the subjects have on their own activity since the work deals with concrete situations and experiences in the scholar context. These senses are considered relevant in order to enable a comprehension of the inter-relations that are established between the know-how and the construction of the identity on behalf of these teachers. Almost all of the interviewed subjects did not have a degree in Social Sciences and came from other backgrounds especially ones related to Education. Sociology teachers investigated almost in its entirety, do not have specific training in the social sciences, becoming teachers of Sociology by lack of school and to complete the work load. But, in spite of the difficulties experienced in the practice of the discipline all are in favour of its inclusion in high school. They have a clear vision, that through the work of the theoretical content of the discipline with the daily life of the students by using teaching strategies that add value to the relationship of knowledge that are prepared in society at large, to Sociology provides a critical analysis of the reality in which they are inserted

Contar no caminho: escritas de si, percursos de formação e inserção institucional de professores da infância

El trabajo tiene como objeto de estudio la percepción de profesores de la infancia respecto sus itinerarios de formación y proyectos de inserción institucional, y como objetivo analizar como los participantes de la investigación articulan, narrativamente, sus itinerarios de formación y proyectos de actuación profesional para inserción institucional en un Colegio de Aplicación. Adopta principios epistemológicos y métodos de la investigación (auto)biográfica: Ferrarotti 2010); Delory-Momberger (2008, 2011, 2012); Josso (2010); Nóvoa (2007); Nóvoa y Finger (2010); Dosse (2009); Passeggi (2011, 2012, 2013); Souza (2004, 2010, 2013). El corpus está constituido por diez memoriales académicos; diez proyectos de actuación profesional; la transcripción de entrevistas realizadas en dos grupos de discusión y el diario de campo de la investigadora. Las analises se basan en las contribuciones de Jovchelovitch y Bauer (2010), Schütze (2010) y Weller (2006). Los resultados de la investigación permitiran concluir que el proceso de biografización y el proyecto de actuación profesional introduce una doble función: constituirse en una herramienta de evaluación y como dispositivo de formación, permitiendo a los profesores la reflexión sobre las particularidades del proceso de biografización en el contexto de injunción institucional y el conocimiento de las potencialidades de sus percursos de formación. Permitiran, todavia, la definición de tres eixos organizadores de una cartografía de formación, tomando lo que Nóvoa (2007) sugiere sobre los procesos de Adesión, Acción y Autoconsciencia en la constitución de la identidad docente. Ao relatar sus percursos de formación los profesores reconstituyen adesiones a los principios, valores y proyectos en diferentes contextos de formación, revisitan acciones desarrolladas en el ejercicio de la profesión y elaboran reflexiones que resultan en la autoconciencia de potencialidades y limitaciones de sus acciones en la institución. El trabajo contribuye para pensar la producción de memoriales y proyectos académicos de experiencia profesional como espacio fundador de reflexión sobre la formación del profesorado de la infancia

Já li muita coisa, então, eu posso inventar mais! A leitura literária e o desenvolvimento do pensamento criativo na infância

This study investigates the contributions of reading literature for the development of creative thinking in childhood. Its relevance consists in exploring practices that contemplate the creative thinking development in apprentices at school space and understanding the literature like a significant way to promote the creative thinking. The study is connected to the qualitaty strand. The exploratory observation and the intervention were adopted as research techniques. The field diary and the audio and video recording of the reading sections were adopted as methodological instruments. The research was conducted in the application s college from the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, in a 1th grade class, with 18 students between 6 and 7 years old. During the intervention, 8 readind class happened, with varied strategies and literary genres. The reading sessions were conducted through the principles of scaffolding, defended by Graves and Graves (1995). The corpus is made of speaks episodes, whose encoding semantics allowed the grouping into two central categories: divergent thinking and coauthoring of literary reader. It was taken as a theoretical framework the studies of Amarilha (2011; 2006; 2001; 1991; 1993; 1994), Alencar (2001), Coelho (2000; 1997), Culler (1999), De Masi (2005), Gallo (2000), Guilford (1977), Iser (1996), Jouve (2002), Kneller (1978), Martínez (1997), Smith (2003), Stierle (1979), Vigotski (2009; 1998), Wechsler; Nakano (2003; 2002). The analysis points to the formation of creative individuals in the classroom, through the reading of literature. Reposition the literary education front of the new social demands. Resizes the function of school in children s development, considering the children s skill in exploring, testing hypotheses and making use of their creative thinking, in climate of freedom mental. It signals, in this way, the teacher like a mediator, promoting a favorable to the development of creative thinking environment, a stimulating atmosphere, which enhances the expression of creative thinking in community

Atuação do enfermeiro na estratégia de atenção integrada às doenças prevalentes na infância

This study aimed to describe nurses' actions in the strategy of Integrated Management of Childhood Illness in the city of Natal, Rio Grande do Norte. This is a qualitative study with descriptive approach. The universe consisted of nurses from the Family Health Strategy, totaling 16 participants. For the research project was submitted for approval by the Ethics Committee of the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, obtaining Opinion No. 187/2012. Data were obtained in two ways: a questionnaire survey to profile the training of nurses and an interview guided by a structured interview. Interviews were treated in the light of analysis of thematic category Bardin. The results showed the central thematic study "Integrated Management of Childhood Illness in the context of nursing activities" category and three analyzes: "Understanding the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness", "Difficulties invibializam use IMCI "and" Working conditions for nurses in the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness. " It is observed that nurses consider the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness useful, effective and important to keep sick children within the logic curative. However disregard the character of health promotion and disease prevention thereof. It was found that the participants still hold the attendance of crinaças within the biomedical model and that these same professionals are subjected to increasingly precarious working conditions and unhealthy due to lack of human and material resources. It was found that the interviewees do not follow the protocols of strategy because of barriers related to prescription medications by nurses, the medical, the lack of incentives, training and supervision by the municipal health and the Regional Nursing Council

Infância - memórias: cenários - personas

Infância is undoubtedly memory, high qual ity l iterature, reputable, as the story moves between f ict ion and reality. Personal and social history, wi th such a sense of reality, causing the reader to prof it f rom the honesty and the sinceri ty producing, in this work, remarkable results in a constancy of cl ippings, f rame -by-f rame. Memory and obl ivion are this work guidance. We aim to denounce the relat ionship between the chi ld and violence, and as it is a memorialist ic text , we see the importance of f ict ion for this type of narrat ive to be sustained. I aim thereby show the tone of this report humanizing memories, its deep and decisive meaning, through the memories concepts by Le Gof f , by Seligmann-Silva and by Ecléa Bosi. I t is also through the theories of Jeanne Marie Ganegbin that I just ify the concept of remembering and forget t ing, and also it is also according the concepts of Eliane Zagury that I give support to the importance of autobiography as a a mean of expressing the reported memor ies. Final ly, in Infância, there is no room for fantasy. The lyricism that overwhelms, throughout each chapter, commands the author's imaginat ion. The need to invent gives way to the need to test ify, to denounce. And this t ransit ion occurs gradually, slow as Gra c il ia n o s c h i ld li f e , d u e to such humiliat ion and submission