Brincar, atividade humana e ferramenta pedagógica no contexto escolar da região metropolitana de natal

This thesis talks about the use of guided educational tools in play and playful in public schools in the Metropolitan Region of Natal (MRN), contributing to the teaching and students learning of basic education in the contents of portuguese and mathematics. We assume that the play is an activity / human need and therefore implies the proper development of children in physical, psychological, biological, cultural, social and historical aspects. We consider the mediation exercised by the teacher in the classroom, and the affection existing between teacher and student, sine qua non terms, so that the truth and fact of the process of teaching and learning occur. Thus, theoretically collaborated Paulo Freire, with his dialogical vision; Lev S. Vygotsky says that we learn and why we develop; Lev S. Vygotsky that states that we learn and for that we develop ourselves; Pierre Bourdieu and the concept of habitus, as something embedded and therefore procedural, and the cultural capital that needs to be fed and (re)meaning at school; Luiz Pereira, Bernard Lahire, Gilles Brougère and others brought their theoretical contributions. The empirical field of research was composed by the Municipal School Professor Ulysses de Góis, located in the neighborhood of Nova Descoberta in Natal, and the Municipal School José Horacio de Góis, located in the community of Guanduba, in São Gonçalo do Amarante, municipalities of the Metropolitan Region of Natal (MRN). We used as methodology the collaborative-action-research as a possible of effective participation of the research subjects, imputing them a voice and performance in the process, and not considering them just observers. The results indicate the effectiveness of the pedagogical tools in play and playful to the learning of students, but that alone is not able to solve all the problems of the school, other referrals need to be secured, as the planning of the actions to be developed in the school and in the classroom, systematized pedagogical orienttion for faculty, family participation/involvement in the school life of students, among other actions that need to be weighted so that education fulfills its role and promote the emancipation of the subject, because in the freireana liberating perspective, "the reading of the world preced the lecture of the word"

Ateliês de história e pedagogia da matemática: contribuições para a formação de professores que ensinam matemática nos anos iniciais

This paper presents a discussion about the use of the History of Mathematics as an educational resource and conceptual mediator in the formation of teachers who teach mathematics in the years of elementary school. It was a qualitative action method, in order to show the importance of holding workshops of History and Pedagogy of Mathematics as contribution to overcome the conceptual difficulties of teaching and teachers regarding the content covered in the course of education and afterwards they have to teach in the early of elementary school. We assume that understanding the historical, social and cultural comprehension as a conceptual and didactic focus effectively nurture the pursuit of a teaching and learning of mathematics students safe and justified in order to contribute to overcoming the difficulties of teaching and learning usually occurred in the classroom of the early years. In this sense, we organized a study group formed by students of Bachelors in Education and Mathematics at the University of Piauí. We developed five training workshops in History and Pedagogy of Mathematics, with a workload of 20 hours each and four follow-up sessions and advicement, totalizing 180 hours. The purpose of workshops was to develop studies on the History of Mathematics that could support the formation of a conceptual and didactic group with a view to prepare teaching materials and activities based on information drawn from undertaken historical studies .The products designed were used in formation of the group itself and will later be used in training teachers of public school in Teresina, in the form of workshop of History and Pedagogy of Mathematics in order to overcome problems arising from teaching and conceptual this education degree in Education Based on the obtained informations it was possible to suggest new referrals procedural level of education and university extension that may contribute to the reorientation of initial and continuing training of teachers in the early years elementary school

Atuação do enfermeiro no acompanhamento do crescimento e desenvolvimento da criança

The nurses assistance in monitoring the growth and development of children has been characterized mostly a service based on the biological dimension of illness, when in reality, the actions should be combined in the reorientation of care model of the Family Health Strategy. Thus, the research aimed to examine the role of nurses in the growth and development of children. This is an exploratory and descriptive, qualitative approach. The project was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte under Opinion No. 191/2012. Data collection was developed in the Health Units from the city of Natal, RN, Brazil. Survey participants were nurses who worked in the Family Health Strategy for at least two years and who performed the monitoring of child growth and development in the health unit selected. Data were collected through an in-depth interview, and seized material from speeches was treated as categorical thematic analysis proposed by Bardin. This process revealed three themes, which were analyzed in the light of Relief Models and Process Work in Health and Nursing and discussed based on the findings literary. The results elucidated that nurses consider their performance satisfactory as it has favored the accession of mothers of children under one year nursing visits, contributing to the reduction of morbidity and mortality due to prevalent diseases, as well as the establishment of a connection between the professionals and mothers. It was shown that despite having a promotion and prevention with the use of lightweight technologies, the nurses also emphasized the care of mothers in complaints and signs and symptoms of children, followed by referrals to professionals in the unit or to other sectors. Furthermore, we found that the process of working nurses face challenges regarding the organizational structure of services and social situation of the family. Given these statements, it is observed that despite the strong interference from hegemonic health model in the performance of nurses, it is found that these professionals have been investing in promotion and prevention to injuries to children in care, with a focus on family context. Thus, nurses are embarking on making the reorientation of health care through the use of relational technologies, which has contributed to solving the integral care to the pediatric population

A retórica em Aristóteles: da orientação das paixões ao aprimoramento da eupraxia

This research brings into focus the relationship between the work Rhetoric, from Aristotle, and the conceptions of ethics and practical wisdom of the philosopher from Stageira. Accordingly, it attempts to show that Aristotle's Rhetoric was produced to guide the construction and orientation of oratory passions of the Greek man, setting it as a reference for practices aimed at social ordering of the polis. In other words, the Aristotelian Rhetoric, designed by the author as the study of what is persuasive in every speech, is not composed with the meaning of persuasion at any cost, in another sense it is conceived by Aristotle as a useful knowledge for the improvement eupraxic (the good act in accordance with the fair and true). This research finds that such work has been prepared by Stagirite a time of strong social transformations and upheavals in ancient Greece: The skepticism expanded, with each person wanting to live their own businesses, and especially in Athens, a city that served as intellectual and political reference, there was a lack of collective spirit. In this tumultuous social environment, Aristotle, with a culture of Greeks eager Trusted reviews and socially shareable in the field of verisimilitude, sought with his Rhetoric, contributing to the development of ethics and political science; referrals for legal and organization of inter-social relations in varied environments, including seeking to provide knowledge about human passions and emotional status of active citizens in deliberative meetings

Centros de especialidades odontológicas: avaliação da atenção de média complexidade na rede pública da Grande Natal

The Specialized Dental Care Centers (CEO) were developed to provide specialized dental care to the population, given the accumulated needs of health since the past. They must operate as units of reference for the Oral Health Team of the Primary Care, complementing the dental procedures performed at this level of attention. This study aims to assess the performance of CEOs of the Grande Natal Health Region as a strategy of Secondary Care consolidation in oral health through users, dentists and managers. For this to try to identify factors about access, hosting and satisfaction with the service, the actions developed in these centers, integration between the CEOs and the Basic Health Units (UBS), considering the reference and counter reference. Data were collected through semi-structured interview, conducted in four CEOs, among 253 users, 31 dentists and 4 managers. It was submitted to descriptive statistical analysis and to content analysis by software ALCESTE 4.5. The results revealed that the specialties of prosthesis, endodontics and surgery were the most sought by 38.2%, 23.7% and 21.7% of respondents, respectively. It was noticed that among users aged 18 to 30 years-old the greatest demand is for the specialty of endodontics (44.4%) and over 50 years for prosthesis (76.4%). There is a weakness in the reference and counter reference between UBS and CEO, because part of users goes directly to the centers without going before to the Primary Care and the majority does not want to return to the dentist of Health Unit. Satisfaction with care was reported by 90.9% of users, because they resolved the problems needed and were welcomed by the team. But the delay in care was the main factor for not satisfaction. For most dentists, some users could solve their problems completely in Primary Care, which shows the existence of unnecessary referrals to the CEOs, however they consider the existence of limiting factors in UBS that compromise the service. Most dentists revealed that some users do not get to CEOs with the basic dental treatment done, and some of them do not counter reference users. It can be concluded that the studied CEOs are being resolutive for those who access them, offering necessary care for the population, and if they don t account with this service, will encounter obstacles to resolution of problems, ranging seek care service in particular, in another public sector, or even giving up treatment. However, it is perceived the need of professionals training to understand the importance of the reference and counter reference, to that they can better serve and guide users. It is also important that cities offer better conditions to UBS and CEOs, so they can work together, with complementary actions of oral health, seeking full care, aiming for better resolution to the users' health problems

Suporte ao uso de álcool e drogas na atenção primária: um estudo com equipes de Natal/RN

National surveys indicate that 6.8 % of the brazilian population is dependent on alcohol and 1 % dependent on illicit drugs, representing a significant portion of the population affected by this issue . Primary Care becomes instrumental in expanding the coverage of this demand and in reducing unnecessary referrals for specialized care. This study aimed to investigate the responsiveness and institutional support of Primary Care Teams in relation to the demands of alcohol and drugs users. The research was conducted in a Family Health Unit in West Sanitary District of Natal City. With quantitative and qualitative nature, our study consisted of two stages. At first, we performed a mapping of alcohol and other drugs abusive use in a sample of the population assisted by Family Heath Teams, using sociodemographic questionnaire and ASSIST (Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test). 406 questionnaires were completed. Of these questionnaires, 27.8% are men and 72.2% women, of which 56% are between 20 and 39 years-old, they are housewives, have a stable relationship and are consumers of tobacco (37.6%), marijuana (13%) and especially alcohol (57%). In second stage, two Conversation Circles with Family Health Teams and the referential Family Health Support Center were formed to discuss the data of the mapping realized in the previous phase. The circles, which had participation of 20 of the 37 professional teams from Family Health and 2 from Family Health Support Center, showed a lack of professional training in the subject; inability of the healthcare network in the user embracement; belief of professionals that nothing can be done when matter is alcohol and drugs; and referencing as the only care action performed by teams. Thus we point out the need to support an approach on issues of alcohol and drugs which consider gender issues, investing in Harm Reduction Policy as a possibility of working in this context for recognizing each user in their uniqueness and strategizing with them to promote health in a broad and contextualized way

“Somos quem podemos ser”: os homens (trans) brasileiros e o discurso pela (des)patologização da transexualidade

This research analyzed the discourse of Brazilian transmen in relation to (un) pathologizing of identity (trans). Therefore, it seeks to analyze the perception of the meanings attributed by Brazilian transmen to their experiences within the context in which their experience is considered a psychiatric disorder, which can be (or not) be diagnosed by doctors and psychologists. Whereby, obtaining such permissions becomes a necessity to perform bodily changes, as well as referrals for modifications of civil documentation. The methodology used was discourse analysis and research techniques were semi-structured interviews and systematic observation of the meetings of Cartografias Trans group, psychotherapeutic care group of transpeople to the Centro de pesquisa e atendimento à travestis e transexuais - CPATT in Curitiba , Paraná. The theoretical framework of the research suppoted mainly, but not only, in the studies proposed by queer theory. In this sense the research found by entering the field and analyzing the data brought, among other things, the existence of a strategic discourse by Brazilian transmen toward depathologization of their identities, manifested mainly on the notion of to have the identity (trans) pathologized does not make them sick.

Análise do perfil de encaminhamento da atenção primária para pré-natal de alto risco: desafios para o ensino de competências em saúde materno-infantil

OBJECTIVE: to identify a profile of the main causes of inappropriate referrals from primary care to specialized services, as strategy for the curriculum development of core competencies related to maternal health. METHODS: a cross-sectional study was performed using document analysis of all referrals of pregnant women from primary care to the high-risk pregnancy service, state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. All pregnant women referred from June to December 2014 (n = 771) were included. According to their causes the referrals were categorized as adequate, inadequate or inconclusive. RESULTS: a total of 188 referrals were classified as inadequate (24.4%) and 93 inconclusive (12.1%) totalizing 36.5% of inappropriate referrals. The main causes identified in these inappropriate referrals were: low-risk pregnancy (12.8%), unconfirmed hypertension (12.1%), risk of abortion (8.9%), teenage pregnancy (7.1%) , toxoplasmosis (5.3%), Rh incompatibility (4.6%) and urinary tract infection (4.3%). These data contributed to the formulation of the following products: 1) a continuing education program for health professionals working in primary care, undergraduate students and residents; and 2) development of a virtual platform to support professionals who need to refer patients to high-risk pregnancy service. CONCLUSION: the results of this study are relevant in the current context of education of health professionals, with potential for positively impact not only in the development of skills related to maternal health in undergraduate and graduate education, as well as contributing for improvement of the health care of the population.