A cidade-jardim de Ebenezer Howard: um estudo de sua influência para a circulação de ideias e modelos no urbanismo do século XX

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Vivências da violência intrafamiliar : o simbolismo dos desenhos infantis

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico

A rotina de crianças de zero a dois anos na educação infantil e as especificidades infantis

In current upbringing production, children are often conceived as rightful subjects, and concrete and singular people, marked by specificities that schools must respect, mainly their personal wholeness, their care and attention needs, as well as their abilities to learn and produce culture. In the educational practices frame, routine is considered to have a definitive roll in time, space and activities structuring, as with actions and relations of subjects involved. In that perspective, this research aims to analyze routines of zero to two years old children in the upbringing context, relating to their childish specificities. Anchored in the qualitative approach, a Case Study was developed, according the procedures of daily routine observation and semi-structured interviews with six nursery teachers of CMEI Centro Municipal de Educação Infantil, Natal-RN, the research field. The data analysis was based in Speech Analysis principles. The teachers utterances regarding routine and it s roll in the frame revealed significances related to control/regulation of actions theirs and students aiming to streamline tasks; learning relative to routine itself, time and school practices. Thus, prospects of discipline and exercise of power of teachers over students surges, reducing their possibilities to participate. These conceptions reflect the daily routine of the kids and their teachers. By analyzing the methods of routine operation in the time/space/activities frame of CMEI, it was possible to perceive its homogenization of actions and rhythms, not only of the group s children, but the whole institution, which creates, many times, a controlling character that contains/prevents children s initiative. However, it was also possible to observe that in routine recesses, when it s relaxed, and other spaces, times and actions are provided, kids have the opportunity to experience and create different ways of action and relation with time, materials, other kids and teachers, being, as such, respected their specificities. We highlight the importance of reflections regarding routine in upbringing context, as to comprehend it s functions and the need for it s construction to take a multiple character that respects the plurality of situations and singularities of children as persons

Narrativas infantis: o que nos contam as crianças de suas experiências no hospital e na classe hospitalar

This dissertation focuses on the narratives of children hospitalized with chronic diseases. The overall goal is to deduce, from the look of the child health care, hospital class contributions to the process of school inclusion. The research is part of the qualitative ethnographical approach and is based on the principles and research methods (auto)biographical in education and schooling in hospital. Participated in the investigation 05(five) children, aged between 06 (six) and 12 (twelve) years of age, treated at the Center for Children s Onco-Hematology, Varela Santiago Children s Hospital in Natal-RN. The corpus used for the analysis comprises five (05) narrative interviews, 03 (three) drawings made by children as well as records in the researcher s field diary. The sources were collected during the months of August 2010 to February 2011. The analysis revealed that the inclusion of the hospital class, and ensure the right to education, contributes to the construction of strategies for coping with illness and hospitalization, as it promotes autonomy, comfort, playfulness and self-knowledge, the rand the world, easing the stress of hospitalization. The figure of the teacher took the class hospital in the voices of children, a reliever and minimizing the role of double exclusion that cause illness and hospitalization, showing the contributions to (re) construction of identity and subjectivity constitution strengthened. The children interviewed said that the hospital class leave the hospital more cheerful. The playfulness and learning experiences in the hospital are seen by children as actions that go beyond the physical treatment of the disease, since it provides them with acceptance and understanding of hospitalization and illness, to give them affective security and emotional. In conclusion, the narratives of children confirm that the service class hospital ensures continuity of schooling, but they reveal, namely, that this service provides them socialization among peers and with adults, strengthening the emotional, social and cognitive biopsychosocial perspective of attention

CREATION: técnica de criatividade para geração de ideias de novos produtos

Creativity is a skill found in all individuals and one of the strategies used to intensify it is through the application of creativity techniques. In order to propose a new technique for generating new crafts product ideas, this dissertation, which is part of a research project of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, through action research, intervened in three state communities artisans - Lajes Pintada, Massaranduba and Vera Cruz - to develop the artisans creative potential. Based on the techniques studied in the literature, we selected three techniques for interventions, composing two dynamics - one to improve features and functionalities of existing products, with the technique of SCAMPER; and the other to generate ideas for creating new products, with techniques Listing and Random Words / Figures. These latter techniques were not satisfactory in its objective by presenting constraints, not covered in the description, for the participant group. Thus, it was necessary to propose a new technique for the same purpose, the technique CREATION Clarify technique, Realized creativity, Explain, Apply for word, Think fast, Interpret, Organize ideas, Now evaluate, composed of twelve steps. To use the new technique requires that it be used by a dynamic that takes into account three phases: Planning, Application and Analysis. In the new technique application were generated around 30 ideas, regarded as new, in six sessions, from test pilot to interventions in artisans communities

A ousadia como horizonte: religando vida e ideias na formação em enfermagem

A proposal of formation in health/nursing built on classic science, on reducing thought and flexnerian paradigm is insufficient to comprehend and intervening with an amplified way on health needs of population, given that it is produced by fragmentation of knowledge, rationalization of thought, mechanizing and biological attitudes. It is necessary that formation in health/nursing allows the construction of effectiveness of principles and guidelines of Unique System of Health (Sistema Único de Saúde - SUS). In this context of emergency of a complex formation in health/nursing, life trajectories and formation of the nurses: Abigail Moura, Francisca Valda and Raimunda Germano are examples of transgressor and successful experiences which allow inquietude, changing and transforming formation patterns and self-formation. The present study is built from the comprehension of method as strategy , defended by Morin and complexity sciences. Has as objects building biographies of formation of these three nurses who express a formation model more totalizing and humanitarian, analyzing and discussing starting from the three biographic fragments guiding principles for the current process of formation in health/nursing. From the biographies, the courage and humbleness emerge as landmarking principles of their experiences. Humbleness neither as self-depreciation nor humiliation but as consciousness of our uncompleted and unfinished essence, acceptance of boundaries and potential and reduction of intellectual vanity. Courage, for its part, is the human pulsing, uncertain for nature, which brings us to act, to face and persevere on moments of fear and difficulties. A formation in health and nursing based on courage and humbleness allows the subjects to be taken away from indifference, arrogance, inertia, pragmatism: bets on ethic and political subjects capable of minimizing unequal, inhumane and excluding processes. Na intellectual and Professional attitude which politizes the thought and science is what must be expected from a complex formation in health field, in latu mode on nursing, in particular

Percepção de cuidadores de crianças acerca da prevenção de acidentes domésticos infantis: análise à luz do modelo de crenças em saúde

This study aimed to analyze the perception of home caregivers of children from zero to five years-old on child domestic accidents and their influence in preventing these events. Exploratory and descriptive study with a qualitative approach, conducted with 20 caregivers attended at the Family Health Unit of Cidade Nova in Natal/Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. The participants should have age less than 18 years-old, being a caregiver of at least a five year-old child and living in the area ascribed of Family Health Unit in the neighborhood Cidade Nova. Data collection occurred between March and April 2013 and a semistructured interview script was used. This stage was preceded by the acquiescence of the director of health institution where the research was developed, the Health Department of the Municipality of Natal as well as the Ethics Committee in Research of Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte under Opinion nº 219 872 and CAAE nº 12236013.7.0000.5537. It is noted that respondents were asked to formal authorization by the Term of Consent. The data were treated according to the technique of the Collective Subject Discourse and analyzed based on three dimensions of the Health Belief Model, relating to perceptions of susceptibility to infant domestic accidents, self-efficacy to prevent infant and indicia domestic accidents for action of preventing domestic accidents in childhood. The results revealed that all the respondents were women, who, in their majority, they are mothers of the children they care, and predominantly they are aged between 18 and 30 years-old, full high school education and unemployed. Concerning the perception of susceptibility, it was unveiled understanding of deponents on various types of accidents, which are considered preventable. For this purpose, it was highlighted that the constant surveillance of the children is essential, keeping in view their high degree of curiosity and immaturity. On the perceived selfefficacy, the participants reported adopting preventive measures; however, they reported experiencing falls, burns, electric shocks and dog bites. In regard to the meaning attributed to experienced accidents they highlighted their feelings of guilt and despair, particularly about the cases understood as serious. Regarding the last dimension analyzed, related to indications for action, family, friends and television were the main source of information about household accidents and their prevention methods; however, health professionals were rarely cited as issuers of such knowledge. It is concluded that there is a widespread perception of women about prevention of domestic accidents and the weakness in the view of health professionals, including nurses, as disseminators of this information. This suggests the need to strengthen the dialogue on the issue and encouraging the participation of caregivers actively in the prevention of child domestic accidents

A hora da alfabetização: atores, ideias e instituições na construção do PAIC-CE

The objective of this thesis is to understand how a certain social condition becomes relevant enough to be regarded as an issue worthy of government action and how certain proposed initiatives prevail while others are discarded. More specifically, the goal is to discuss public policy for education and check whether the analytical models employed are significant enough to explain how the literacy issue became part of the policy agenda of the government of the State of Ceará in Brazil, and how the Literacy Program at the Right Age (PAIC) developed over time. From the empirical perspective about public policy for education in Brazil, this is a relevant case when one takes into account that, historically, the literacy policies are focused on teenagers and adults, implying a lack of specific initiatives towards children at the proper age of learning to read and write. In order to understand what drove this issue to the top of the state government agenda, this thesis is primarily based on the literature about public policy analysis, with focus on the agenda setting process and development of proposals. A hybrid approach is used, combining analytical tools from Kingdon’s Multiple Streams Model (1995), the Advocacy Coalition Framework by Sabatier and Jenkins Smith (1993) and the historical new institutionalism lens. The research method is qualitative and based on the single case study method. The data set was assembled from institutional PAIC-related documents, tachygraphy notes from sessions at Ceará’s State House of Representatives, press clippings, academic studies and interviews with key participants from several organizations. The conclusion of this thesis is that, given the complexity of the case in point, the combination of the three analytical methods is adequate and necessary to understanding the multiple drivers for this issue to have entered Ceará’s state government agenda and the design of the PAIC itself. Particularly relevant are the ideas and the policy entrepreneurs, the processes of problem recognition for the composition of a wide coalition and for the specification of alternatives, and the path dependence of the education policy in Ceará. This study adds, as a result, to a better understanding of the stages that make up the agenda setting in public policy, in particular in the field of education.

A hora da alfabetização: atores, ideias e instituições na construção do PAIC-CE

The objective of this thesis is to understand how a certain social condition becomes relevant enough to be regarded as an issue worthy of government action and how certain proposed initiatives prevail while others are discarded. More specifically, the goal is to discuss public policy for education and check whether the analytical models employed are significant enough to explain how the literacy issue became part of the policy agenda of the government of the State of Ceará in Brazil, and how the Literacy Program at the Right Age (PAIC) developed over time. From the empirical perspective about public policy for education in Brazil, this is a relevant case when one takes into account that, historically, the literacy policies are focused on teenagers and adults, implying a lack of specific initiatives towards children at the proper age of learning to read and write. In order to understand what drove this issue to the top of the state government agenda, this thesis is primarily based on the literature about public policy analysis, with focus on the agenda setting process and development of proposals. A hybrid approach is used, combining analytical tools from Kingdon’s Multiple Streams Model (1995), the Advocacy Coalition Framework by Sabatier and Jenkins Smith (1993) and the historical new institutionalism lens. The research method is qualitative and based on the single case study method. The data set was assembled from institutional PAIC-related documents, tachygraphy notes from sessions at Ceará’s State House of Representatives, press clippings, academic studies and interviews with key participants from several organizations. The conclusion of this thesis is that, given the complexity of the case in point, the combination of the three analytical methods is adequate and necessary to understanding the multiple drivers for this issue to have entered Ceará’s state government agenda and the design of the PAIC itself. Particularly relevant are the ideas and the policy entrepreneurs, the processes of problem recognition for the composition of a wide coalition and for the specification of alternatives, and the path dependence of the education policy in Ceará. This study adds, as a result, to a better understanding of the stages that make up the agenda setting in public policy, in particular in the field of education.

Visões de República: ideias e práticas no Rio Grande do Norte (1880-1895)

A obra estuda as principais correntes político-ideológicas existentes no Rio Grande do Norte no período de transição entre o final do Império e os primeiros anos da República. Através de uma exaustiva pesquisa em fontes jornalísticas e documentais, o autor introduz o leitor no universo das ideias e práticas políticas que marcaram a tensa implantação do regime republicano no Brasil e especialmente no Rio Grande do Norte.

A cidade-jardim de Ebenezer Howard: um estudo de sua influência para a circulação de ideias e modelos no urbanismo do século XX

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior