31 resultados para bilirrubina sérica

em Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte(UFRN)


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Infections for intestinal parasites are one of the main morbidade causes in humans and, its relationships with socioeconomic levels and hygiene conditions in countries in development are already very established. Many works, even so, they are being accomplished to elucidate the complex interactions among nutrition, these infections and answer imunológica, because it is seen that malnutrition commits the immunity increasing the susceptibilidade for infectious diseases and these for its time can harm the state human nutricional. It is known that sponge helmínticos they stimulate synthesis of IgE so much policlonal as specific for the same ones and that IgA secretora, main imunoglobulina of defense of the mucous ones, can act against protozoa as the Giardia lamblia and against helmintos as Trichuris tichiura and Strongyloides stercorales. Some studies show that the malnutrition energy protéica influences in the production of these answers, but some authors show results divergentes. In this work it was evaluated the levels of total IgE, IgA sérica and secretora, contagem of sanguine eosinófilos, levels of proteins séricas and state nutricional, in 103 children of low socioeconomic level, to discover a correlation between those and infection for enteroparasitas. They participated in the study children of both sexes, with age of 3 to 6 years, visitors of the same creche and residents in a neighborhood with precarious hygiene conditions and basic saneamento, in the city of Christmas. The obtained results showed that the faulty environmental and socioeconomic conditions favored to a high infection frequency for enteroparasitas, mainly Trichuris trichiura and Ascaris lumbricoides between the helmintos and Endolimax sleep and Giárdia lamblia among the protozoa. Light malnutrition without deficit protéico was observed in 30% of the children, which didn't also present significant deficiencies of IgA sérica and secretora. The sponged children

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Dispersions composed of polyelectrolyte complexes based on chitosan and poly(methacrylic acid), PMAA, were obtained by the dropping method and template polymerization. The effect of molecular weight of PMAA and ionic strength on the formation of chitosan/poly(methacrylic acid), CS/PMAA, complexes was evaluated using the dropping method. The increase in molecular weight of PMAA inhibited the formation of insoluble complexes, while the increase in ionic strength first favored the formation of the complex followed by inhibiting it at higher concentrations. The polyelectrolyte complexation was strongly dependent on macromolecular dimensions, both in terms of molecular weight and of coil expansion/contraction driven by polyelectrolyte effect. The resultant particles from dropping method and template polymerization were characterized as having regions with different charge densities: chitosan predominating in the core and poly(methacrylic acid) at the surface, the particles being negatively charged, as a consequence. Albumin was adsorbed on templatepolymerized CS/PMAA complexes (after crosslinking with glutardialdehyde) and pH was controlled in order to obtain two conditions: (i) adsorption of positively charged albumin, and (ii) adsorption of albumin at its isoelectric point. Adsorption isotherms and zeta potential measurements showed that albumin adsorption was controlled by hydrogen bonding/van der Waals interactions and that brushlike structures may enhance adsorption of albumin on these particles

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RESUMO: Objetivo: Tem sido demonstrado que a icterícia obstrutiva provoca depressão do sistema imunológico, mudança no padrão de colonização bacteriana dos intestinos e passagem de bactérias da luz intestinal para a circulação porta e sistêmica. Estudo experimental em ratos procurou observar a possibilidade de translocação bacteriana para os pulmões após a ligadura do colédoco. Método: Foram utilizados 20 ratos Wistar pesando de 178 a 215g, separados aleatoriamente em dois grupos iguais. Nos ratos do grupo I foi feita a ligadura do colédoco e nos do grupo II apenas a manipulação do colédoco com pinça atraumática (sham operation). No sétimo dia de observação os animais foram mortos com superdose de anestésico, sangue foi colhido para dosagem de bilirrubinas e os pulmões ressecados sob condições assépticas. Metade de cada pulmão foi homogeneizada e semeada em meios de cultura ágar McConkey e ágar sangue. A outra metade serviu para exame histopatológico –coloração hematoxilina e eosina. Os dados foram analisados pelo teste t, com significância 0,05. Resultados: revelaram bilirrubina total em média 18,7±3,6 no grupo I e 0,7±0,2 no grupo II. No grupo I foram isoladas colônias de Klebsiela sp nos pulmões de 30% dos animais e E. coli em 20%, e os escores histopatológicos atingiram a média 6,2±2,08. No grupo II não foram detectadas bactérias nos pulmões e os escores do exame histopatológico atingiram 1,8±1,16. A diferença dos dados analisados mostrou-se significativa (p<0,05). Conclusões: Concluiu-se que a icterícia obstrutiva por ligadura do colédoco em ratos provocou translocação de germes Gram-negativos para os pulmões e resultou em alterações histopatológicas significativas.

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Vitamin A is important in many essential body processes and its deficiency results in serious consequences for human health. Breast milk is the only source of this vitamin for children that are exclusively breastfed. Analysis of vitamin A in mother s milk is important because its concentration is related to maternal vitamin A status and to its ingestion by the mother during pregnancy. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of maternal supplementation with retynil palmitate on the concentration of colostrum retinol under fasting and postprandial conditions. A total of 149 nursing mothers were recruited at the Januário Cicco Maternity School (Natal, Brazil) and allocated to two groups: Comparison (n = 69) and Test (n = 80). Blood and colostrum (in fasting and postprandial conditions) samples were collected up to 24hs after delivery. Serum retinol and colostrum levels were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography. The serum retinol level of 41.6 ± 12.7μg/dL (mean ± standard deviation) indicates adequate biochemical nutritional status. Colostrum retinol level was not influenced by serum retinol levels under any of the conditions established. In the colostrum, the retinol concentration in the unsupplemented test group was 67.3 ± 37.7 μg/dL under fasting and 80.3 ± 35.1 μg/dL under postprandial conditions (p<0.05), showing an increase of 19.3%. In the supplemented test group the values were 102.6 ± 57.3 μg/dL and 133.4 ± 78.3 μg/dL under fasting and postprandial, respectively (p<0.05), representing an increase of 30%. Considering that under fasting conditions most of the vitamin A transported to the milk originates in the retinol binding protein (RBP), the postprandial increase in colostrum retinol suggests a different transport mechanism of retinol to maternal milk from that performed by RBP. This situation becomes more evident under supplementation conditions.

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This study examines the physical and chemical composition and the pharmacological effects of brown seaweed FRF 0.8 Lobophora variegata. Fractionation of the crude extract was done with the concentration of 0.8 volumes of acetone, obtaining the FRF 0.8. The physicochemical characterization showed that it was a fucana sulfated. Anti-inflammatory activity was assessed by paw edema model by the high rates of inhibition of the edema and the best results were in the fourth hour after induction (100 ± 1.4% at the dose of 75 mg / kg) and by the strong inhibitory activity of the enzyme myeloperoxidase (91.45% at the dose of 25 mg / kg). The hepataproteção was demonstrated by measurements of enzymatic and metabolic parameters indicative of liver damage, such as bilirubin (reduction in 68.81%, 70.68% and 68.21% for bilirubin total, direct and indirect, respectively at a dose of 75 mg / kg), ALT, AST and γ-GT (decrease of 76.93%, 44.58% and 50% respectively at a dose of 75 mg / kg) by analysis of histological slides of liver tissue, confirming that hepatoprotective effect the polymers of carbohydrates, showing a reduction in tissue damage caused by CCl4 and the inhibition of the enzyme complex of cytochrome P 450 (increasing sleep time in 54.6% and reducing the latency time in 71.43%). The effectiveness of the FRF 0.8 angiogenesis was examined in chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of fertilized eggs, with the density of capillaries evaluated and scored, showing an effect proangigênico at all concentrations tested FRF (10 mg- 1000 mg). The FRF showed antioxidant activity on free radicals (by inhibiting Superoxide Radical in 55.62 ± 2.10%, Lipid Peroxidation in 100.15 ± 0.01%, Hydroxyl Radical in 41.84 ± 0.001% and 71.47 Peroxide in ± 2.69% at concentration of 0.62 mg / mL). The anticoagulant activity was observed with prolongation of activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) at 50 mg (> 240 s), showing that its action occurs in the intrinsic pathway of the coagulation cascade. Thus, our results indicate that these sulfated polysaccharides are an important pharmacological target

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Tamoxifen (TX), a drug used in the treatment of breast cancer, may cause hepatic changes in some patients. The consequences of its use on the liver tissues of rats with or without diabetes mellitus (DM) have not been fully explored. The purpose of this multidisciplinary study was to evaluate the correlation between plasma hepatic enzyme levels and the presence of iron overload in the hepatic tissue of female Wistar rats with or without streptozotocin-induced DM and using TX. Female rats were studied in control groups: C-0 (non-drug users), C-V (sorbitol vehicle only) and C-TX (using TX). DM (diabetic non-drug users) and DM-TX (diabetics using TX) were the test groups. Sixty days after induced DM, blood samples were collected for glucose, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and bilirubin measures. Hepatic fragments were processed and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), Masson s trichrome, Perls. The hepatic iron content was quantified by atomic absorption spectrometry. AST, ALT and ALP levels were significantly elevated in the DM and DM-TX groups, with unchanged bilirubin levels. Liver iron overload using Perls stain and atomic absorption spectrometry were observed exclusively in groups C-TX and DM-TX. There was positive correlation between AST, ALT and ALP levels and microscopic hepatic siderosis intensity in group DM-TX. In conclusion, TX administration is associated with liver siderosis in diabetic and non-diabetic rats. In addition, TX induced liver iron overload with unaltered hepatic function in 2 non-diabetic rats and may be a useful tool for investigating the biological control of iron metabolism

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Background: Malnutrition, inflammation and comorbidities are frequent in patients with chronic renal failure in hemodialysis (HD), contributing for morbidity and mortality. Aims: To evaluate the correlation between anthropometric, laboratory parameters, bioelectrical impedance (BIA) and inflammatory markers with the morbidity and mortality of patients in HD, as well as the impact of its alterations throughout 12 months. Methods: 143 patients of a dialysis facility in Northeast Brazil were evaluated throughout 18 months. Patients with more than 3 months on dialysis, older than 18 years, without amputation of hands and feet, were included in the study. We performed a clinical (subjective global assessment - SGA), anthropometric (BMI, percent of ideal weight, MAC, MAMC, MAMA, percent of fat mass and TSF), laboratory (albumin, creatinine, lymphocyte count as nutritional markers and CRP, IL-6 and TNF- as inflammatory markers) evaluation and BIA (reactance, phase angle and percent of body cell mass) at the beginning of study and after 3, 6 and 12 months of follow-up. The association between study variables and deaths and hospitalizations in 6 and 12 months was investigated. The variable with significance < 10% in the univariate analysis had been enclosed in a multivariate logistic regression analysis. We also investigated the risk of mortality and hospitalization associated with differences in measurements of the variables at baseline and six months later. Results: Patients were aged 52.2 ± 16.6 years on the average, 58% were male, and mean dialysis vintage was 5.27 ± 5.12 years. The prevalence of malnutrition varied from 7.7-63.6%, according to the nutritional marker. The variables associated with morbidity and mortality in 6 and 12 months had been creatinine ≤ 9.45 mg/dl, phase angle ≤ 4.57 degrees, BMI ≤ 23 kg/m2, age ≤ 64.9 years, reactance ≤ 51.7 ohms; Charlson´s index ≥ 4 and socioeconomic status ≤ 7. During six months of follow up, decrease in albumin was associated with significantly higher mortality risk. Conclusions: This study detected that the best predictors of morbidity and mortality between nutritional and inflammatory markers are phase angle, reactance, creatinine and BMI and that changes in albumin values over six 107 months provide additional prognostic information. The authors believe that parameters of BIA may detect early changes in nutritional status and emphasize that longitudinal studies with larger number of patients are necessary to confirm these data and to recommend BIA as a routine nutritional evaluation in HD patients

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

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A esplenectomia é indicada em doenças hematológicas, hiperesplenismo grave, traumas e tem sido causa de importantes alterações metabólicas e imunológicas. O objetivo do presente trabalho é avaliar se a retirada do baço altera a biodistribuição do radiofármaco DMSA Tc99m em ratos Wistar e se há correlação com possíveis alterações da função renal. Foram usados dois grupos: esplenectomia (n=6) e controle (n=6) animais não operados. Após 15 dias, foi administrado 0,1 ml de DMSA-Tc99m via plexo orbital (0,66 MBq). Trinta minutos depois, foram retiradas amostras do rim, coração, pulmão, tireóide, estômago, bexiga, fêmur, sangue. Após pesadas as amostras, foi determinado o percentual de radioatividade/g (% ATI/g) em cada uma delas, com o Wizard Gama Counter Perkin-Elmer . Dosadas uréia e creatinina sérica, hematócrito, plaquetas e leucócitos. Estatística pelo teste t, com significância 0,05. Foi observada redução significante no %ATI/g no rim e sangue (p<0,05) dos animais esplenectomizados, aumento significante (p<0,05) da uréia (88,8±18,6mg/dL) e creatinina (0,56±0,08), comparado aos controles (51,5±1,6 e 0,37±0,02mg/dL, respectivamente) assim como leucocitose, aumento de plaquetas e redução de hematócrito. Em conclusão, a esplenectomia provocou comprometimento da função renal, repercutindo na alteração da captação de DMSA 99mTc pelo rim de ratos. Uma parceria entre a Unidade de Medicina Nuclear da Liga Norteriograndense Contra o Câncer e o Núcleo de Cirurgia Experimental da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande doNorte tornou possível a realização deste trabalho, que contou com a participação de profissionais de diferentes áreas como: Biologia, Biomedicina, Medicina Nuclear, Cirurgia Geral, Bioquímica e Estatística, atestando dessa forma o caráter multidisciplinar do trabalho

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O baço, como maior órgão linfóide do corpo humano, desempenha funções imunológicas relevantes, tais como depuração de bactérias da corrente sangüínea, produção de anticorpos e interação com a função hepática. A esplenectomia tem sido evitada sempre que possível, mas quando realizada pode provocar uma série de efeitos indesejáveis. O radiofármaco 99mTc-fitato é usado no diagnóstico de doenças, especialmente no fígado, através de exames de imagem, na dependência de sua biodistribuição. Algumas drogas e intervenções cirúrgicas podem interferir na biodistribuição de radiofármacos e inexistem na literatura dados sobre efeitos da esplenectomia no metabolismo do 99mTc-fitato. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar se a esplenectomia interfere na biodistribuição hepática do 99mTc-fitato e na função do fígado em ratos Wistar. Sob anestesia e técnica asséptica, os animais do grupo SP (n=6) foram esplenectomizados. No grupo C (controle; n=6) os animais não foram operados. Após 15 dias de observação, foi injetado de 0,1ml de 99mTc-fitato via plexo orbital (0,66MBq) em todos os animais. Após 30 minutos, foram retiradas amostras hepáticas para determinação do percentual de radioatividade/grama (% ATI/g), usando-se contador gama Wizard Perkin-Elmer. Realizou-se dosagem sérica de ALT, AST e LDH, e leucometria. Estatística pelo teste t, com significância de p>0,05. Observou-se diferença significativa (p=0,034) comparando-se o %ATI/g no fígado dos ratos esplenectomizados (0,990,2) com os controles (0,400,2). ALT, AST e LDH tiveram dosagens significativamente menores e houve leucocitose nos esplenectomizados (p=0,01), comparando-se com os controles. Concluiu-se que, em ratos, a esplenectomia provavelmente provocou alteração na captação de 99mTc-fitato pelo fígado, coincidindo com alterações na função hepática. A realização deste estudo teve caráter multidisciplinar, envolvendo pesquisadores de diversas áreas como Medicina Nuclear, Cirurgia, Análises Clínicas e Estatística. Este aspecto preencheu os requisitos da multidisciplinaridade do Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde

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Enterocutaneous fistulas are associated with prolonged hospital stay, high morbidity/mortality, and increase in hospital costs. This study aims to describe the use of a vacuum system and normal oral diet in dealing with this problem. Methods: Seventy-four consecutive patients with recent and defined external postoperative fistulas were analyzed. Abdominal imaging was used to exclude abscess and distal obstruction. The fistula tract was sealed with Foley catheter, connected to a negative pressure flask, changed daily for 5, 10 or 15 days, as necessary. Normal oral diet was permitted. Results: No patient died. Serum albumin and transferrin showed significantly higher levels at the end of treatment than at the beginning. The moderate and low-output fistulas had the best results (97% closed). Forty-eight (65%) fistulas closed after five days, 16(22%) after 10 days and 4(5%) after 15 days. Treatment failed in 6(8%) patients, who subsequently underwent surgery. Only one patient with low-output did not close her fistula. The cost of the treatment was US$ 41.75/day and it was considered cost effective. Conclusions: The vacuum system demonstrated good results in the treatment of fistulas. It included simplicity, low cost, short hospital stay, absence of skin breakdown, normal eating, good nutrition and activity patterns

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This study investigated the influence of partial colectomy associated with hepatectomy on the biodistribution of the 99mTc-phytate, on metabolic parameters, as well as labeling and morphology of red blood cells. Wistar rats were distributed into three groups (each with 6), nominated as colectomy, colectomy+hepatectomy and sham. In the 30th postoperative day all rats were injected with 99mTc-phytate 0.1mL i.v. (radioactivity 0.66 MBq). After 15 minutes, liver sample was harvested and weighed. Percentage radioactivity per gram of tissue (%ATI/g) was determined using an automatic gamma-counter. Serum AST, ALT, alkaline phosphatase and red blood cells labeling were determined. The liver %ATI/g and red blood cells labeling were lower in colectomy and colectomy+hepatectomy rats than in sham rats (p <0.05), and no difference was detected comparing the colectomy and colectomy+hepatectomy groups. Red blood cells morphology did not differ among groups. Serum levels of AST, ALT and alkaline fosfatase were significantly higher in colectomy+hepatectomy than in colectomy rats (p<0.001). Hepatectomy associated with colectomy lowered the uptake of radiopharmaceutical in liver and in red blood cells in rats, coinciding with changes in liver enzymatic activity

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Hereditary Hemochromatosis (HH) is a genetic disease caused by high iron absorption and deposition in several organs. This accumulation results in clinical disturbances such as cirrhosis, arthritis, cardiopathies, diabetes, sexual disorders and skin darkening. The H63D and C282Y mutations are well defined in the hemochromatosis etiology. The aim of this paper was that of identifying the H63D and C282Y genetical mutations in the hemochromatosis gene and the frequency assessment of these mutations in the HFE protein gene in patients with hyperferritin which are sent to the DNA Center laboratory in Natal, state of Rio Grande do Norte. This paper also evaluates the HH H63D and C282Y gene mutations genotype correlation with the serum ferritin concentration, glucose, alanine aminotransferasis, aspartato aminotransferasis, gama glutamil transferasis and with the clinical complications and also the interrelation with life habits including alcoholism and iron overload. The biochemical dosages and molecule analyses are done respectively by the enzymatic method and PCR with enzymatic restriction. Out of the 183 patients investigated, 51,4% showed no mutation and 48,6% showed some type of mutation: 5,0% were C282Y heterozygous mutation; 1,1%, C282Y homozygous mutation; 31%, H63D heterozygous mutation; 8,7%, H63D homozygous mutation; and 3,3%, heterozygous for the mutation in both genes. As to gender, we observed a greater percentage of cases with molecular alteration in men in relation to women in the two evaluated mutations. The individuals with negative results showed clinical and lab signs which indicate hemochromatosis that other genes could be involved in the iron metabolism. Due to the high prevalence of hemochromatosis and taking into account that hemochromatosis is considered a public health matter, its gravity being preventable and the loss treatment toxicity, the early genetic diagnosis is indicated, especially in patients with high ferritin, and this way it avoids serious clinical manifestations and increases patients' life expectation. Our findings show the importance of doing such genetic studies in individuals suspected of hereditary hemochromatosis due to the high incidence of such a hereditary disease in our region

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Schistosomiasis is an ancient disease caused by helminth Schistosoma mansoni and is a public health problem in Brazil. The granulomatous lesion, typical of the disease, associates itself with increase in the oxidative damage through the generation of free radicals. The aim of this work was to evaluate the occurrence of changes in parameters oxidant / antioxidant that are part of the human defense system, and observe whether they would cause oxidative stress in subjects with schistosomiasis. Moreover, correlating with some biochemical and hematological parameters. Two groups were selected for study, consisting of individuals of both sexes, aged between 16 and 30 years. A control group, formed by individuals without schistosomiasis (n = 30) and a test group, formed by individuals with schistosomiasis (n = 30). The evaluation of lipid peroxidation in plasma was performed by determination of malondialdehyde and antioxidant defense by the quantification of reduced glutathione and catalase activity. For the parameters that assess oxidative stress, the results showed a decrease in the content of reduced glutathione and no change in the activity of catalase, with an increase in the value of malondialdehyde. Therefore, the data found suggest the occurrence of oxidative stress in subjects with schistosomiasis. Of the parameters that assess hepatic function, only levels of aspartate aminotransferase have been high, while there was a decrease of bilirubine. There was a significant change in the lipid profile (p <0.5), however with regard to the renal function of patients, there was a decrease in creatinine. The assessment hematological, made through hemogram and the quantification of hemoglobin, shows increase of eosinophils individuals in the group test, which can be related to the presence of the parasite. The amendments suggest the involvement of oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of this disease

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Ferritin is a protein composed of heavy and light chains, non-covalently linked and which accommodates, in its core, thousands of atoms of iron. Furthermore, this protein represents the stock of iron in the body and it is characterized as an acute marker and predictor of diseases, such as iron deficiency anemia, hereditary hemochromatosis and others. Considering the variability of reference values and the analytical methods currently available, the aim of this work was to propose 95% confidence intervals for adults in the State of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, after determining the average concentration of serum ferritin for both sexes, beyond its correlation with the age. We analyzed 385 blood samples, collected by venipuncture from individuals residing in the State, after 12-14 hours of fast. The populational sample had 169 men and 216 women between 18-59 years old, which filled a questionnaire on socioeconomic, food habits and accounts about previous and current diseases. The sample collections were itinerant and the results of erythrogram, fasting glucose, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, γ-glutamyl transferase, urea, creatinine, leukocyte count and platelets, beyond C-reactive protein, were issued to each participant, so that, after selection of the apparently healthy individuals, the dosage of serum ferritin was carried out. Statistical analysis was performed using the softwares SPSS 11.0 Windows version, Epi Info 3.3.2 and Graf instant pad (version 3.02), and the random population sample was single (finite population), for which the test of linear correlation and diagram of dispersion were also made. After selection of individuals and determination of serum ferritin, the most discrepant outliers were disregarded (N = 358, Men = 154/Women = 207) and the average value determined for the masculine sex individuals was 167,18 ng / dL; for the feminine sex individuals, the average value obtained was 81,55 ng / dL. Moreover, we found that 25% of men had values < 90,30 ng / dL; 50% ≤ 156,25 ng / dL and 75% ≤ 229,00 ng / dL. In the group of women, 25% had values < 38,80 ng / dL; 50% ≤ 65,00 ng / dL and 75% ≤ 119,00 ng / dL. Through the correlation coefficient (r = 0,23 with p = 0,003), it is possible to suggest the existence of positive linear correlation between age and serum ferritin for men. The correlation coefficient for women (r = 0,16 with p = 0,025) also confirms the existence of positive linear correlation between serum ferritin and age. Considering the analysis carried out and specific methods corroborating with the proposed benchmarks, we concluded that the average value found for men is higher than that found for women. Furthermore, this scenario rises with age for both sexes, and the 95% confidence intervals obtained were 74 ng/dL ≤ μ ≤ 89 ng/dL and 152ng/dL ≤ μ ≤183ng/dL for the feminine and masculine sex individuals respectively