O Macrogênero drama Norte-Riograndense: uma análise de gênero e de discurso sob a perspectiva da linguística sistêmico-funcional

The focus of this qualiquantitative research is the phenomenon we are denominating Drama-of-Rio-Grande-do-Norte, which contemplates short verse texts from the oral tradition, sung and presented on stage by women in communities on the south coast of the northeastern Brazilian State, Rio Grande do Norte. This tradition harkens to the medieval romance of the Iberian Peninsula (CASCUDO, 2001; GURGEL, 1999; GALVÃO, 1993; MAGALHÃES, 1973; ROMERO,1977). The objective of this research is to: identify what characterizes the genre Drama of Rio Grande do Norte; situate this genre within a systemization of genres from the oral tradition in Rio Grande do Norte; investigate the interpersonal relationships of power and solidarity through the role of the women in the discourse, how they see themselves and others, pointing out which elements of the world they evaluate and to identify representations of the feminine in the discourse. The theory of Genre and Register of Martin and Rose (2008) and Generic Structure Potential of Hasan (1989, 1996), which has as a base the Systemic Functional Linguistics of Halliday and Matthiessen (2004), Eggins (1994) among others, offers a theoretical framework for the characterization of the genre through the identification of stages and phases configuring its typology the individual schematic structure and its topology its relation to other phenomena in the oral tradition. Other groupings were mapped of the ‗Macrogenre , from the model of Martin and Rose (2008) as a continuum on two axis: between the poles of how the genre circulates orally x in writing, and recited/individually x staged/collectively; as well as mapping the samples with relation to power using the same model, but with the poles of individual voice x collective voice on an axis between increased power and diminished power. Eleven texts described as Narratives and one Anecdote were selected for the analysis of Attitudes, and Negotiations of power. Through the quantification of semantic discursive resources in the discourse systems of Appraisal (MARTIN; WHITE, 2005) and of Negotiation (MARTIN; ROSE, 2007), as well as reflections about humor (EGGINS; SLADE, 1997) we identified the Attitudes and the Negotiations of interpersonal roles. The quantification is based on the theories of Corpus Linguistics (BERBER SARDINHA, 2010), using WordSmith Tools 5.0 (SCOTT, 2010). Our results show that the Drama-of-Rio-Grande-do-Norte is characterized as a Macrogenre in the Community of Oral Stories, in the Family of Street Theatre/Games, composed of five genre types: Narratives, Praise, Complaints, Anecdotes, and Exemplum. The Macrogenre is characterized by its being circulated orally, staged collectively and the texts analyzed configure in differing degrees of power between men and woman. In synthesis we observe that through humor, the Drama-of-Rio-Grande-do-Norte functions to offer a space for women to voice, comment, judge and orient about social conditions in their communities, such as alcoholism, domestic violence, inequalities before the law etc., as well as circulating positive appreciations of rural/coastal culture and judgments about the behavior of members of the speech community, the role of women being to establish and reinforce norms. We anticipate possible benefits of the addition of the genre analyzed in literacy projects in the schools of Rio Grande do Norte

Manual do professor, muito prazer em (re)conhecê-lo! Uma análise sociorretorica do gênero

Esta pesquisa de natureza documental e etnográfica se insere no campo da Linguística Aplicada, tendo por objeto de estudo o Manual do Professor, que acompanha o livro didático de Língua Portuguesa, e por objetivo geral (re)conhecer os aspectos sociorretóricos do gênero Manual do Professor. O interesse desta tese está concentrado no uso situado desse gênero, a partir do qual se observam seus aspectos sociorretóricos, a saber: o que está posto no produto, o ambiente de interação onde é encontrado e como é visto por seus usuários em potencial. Em um primeiro momento, produzimos um quadro epistemológico que nos permitiu, dentre outros reparos, (i) compreender gênero textual como ação retórica tipificada baseada numa situação retórica recorrente e (ii) obter um panorama dos programas de governo voltados para a avaliação de coletâneas didáticas, nos quais encontramos aspectos indispensáveis a um Manual do Professor. Os aportes teóricos adotados neste estudo referem-se à concepção sociorretórica dos estudos de gênero textual à luz, sobretudo, de Johns et al. (2006), Bazerman (2011) e Miller (2011). Em um segundo momento, sob o viés da abordagem sociorretórica, procuramos definir o Manual do Professor como gênero textual e apresentamos os aspectos retóricos encontrados nas amostras que analisamos, considerando a organização constitutiva, o contexto de uso desse gênero e as percepções de seus usuários autores e professores. A geração de dados deu-se inicialmente a partir da seleção de três exemplares de Manuais de coletâneas didáticas adotadas no IFRN; em seguida, no sentido de reconhecer as percepções dos usuários desse gênero, realizamos grupo focal com professores e entrevistamos o coautor de uma das coletâneas. Para análise dos dados, elegemos o método etnográfico de análise de gêneros postulado por Reiff (apud JOHNS et al, 2006), que nos permitiu analisar o objeto de estudo em contextos autênticos de uso do gênero. Nossos resultados mostram que o Manual do Professor está inserido num sistema de gêneros e no sistema de atividades profissionais de domínio do professor e não se limita apenas a explicar como está organizado o livro didático do aluno. Outros sete propósitos foram observados, dentre os quais se encontram: possibilitar ao docente uma reflexão sobre a sua prática de ensino e sugerir caminhos para a melhoria do processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Acreditamos que esta pesquisa poderá estimular professores, em relação à importância (e não obrigatoriedade) de consultas periódicas aos Manuais; autores, no que se refere a estabelecer uma interlocução mais pessoalizada com seus leitores em potencial e no sentido de esclarecer ainda mais as facetas do livro didático; e editoras, sobretudo no que tange a recursos de editoração, para que o Manual do Professor se torne mais atrativo

Biossistemática do complexo Cryptanthus zonatus (Vis.) Beer

The taxonomic delimitation at the species level in plants is not an easy task due to the large polymorphism of plants. In this project we aimed to evaluate three morphotypes (forms) of Cryptanthus zonatus (Vis.) Beer ( Bromeliaceae, Bromelioideae ) described in the literature using fl oral biology and phenology, as well as flo ral morphology and leaf anatomy . These studies were conducted in the Parque Estadual das Dunas de Natal, Rio Grande Norte (RN) and Private Reserve of Natural Patrimony Mata Estrela , in the municipality of Ba í a Form osa. The survey of the phenology of the morphotypes involved monthly specimen observation in the field, during one year. In each visit, we observed the status of flowering and fruiting phenophases of the population of the three forms of C. zonatus . For flo ral biology we sought to evaluate data like: observed floral visitors, nectar volume and concentration, time of anthesis and closing of flowers . Flowers of the three fo rms were collected in the field , analyzed by stereomicroscope, and measurements of the f loral pieces were made with the help of a caliper . Transversal and paradermal sections of the leaves of the three forms were stained and then examined under an optical microscope. Observations of the epidermis under scanning electron microscopy were also conducted. The three m orphotypes could not be sepated based on all evidence investigated. Thus, we conclude that there is not evidences to support the recognition of C. zonatus morphotypes as taxonomic entities, and also that the tools of phenology, anatomy, biology and floral morphology were not useful to delimit these three forms . Yet to characterize better the Flora of Bromeli aceae of RN, the leaf anatomy of Orthophytum disjunctum was also studied. Orthophytum is the sister genus to Cryptanthus and only recently documented in the semiarid of RN. The anatomical comparison between Cryptanthus and Orthophytum allowed the separatio n of both genera based on the arrangement of stomata and thickness of aquiferous parênquima . During the fieldwork, it was still possible to document the first occurrence of Aechmea muricata in RN, inside the Mata Estrela preserve, aiding the understanding of the distribution of the taxon that is currently threatened with extinction.

Economia solidária e relações de gênero na agricultura familiar: o caso do grupo produtivo mulheres decididas a vencer

The Women s experiences in the private sphere under the work s field changes the family relationship allowing them more freedom, autonomy and independence. The inequalities, socially built, homemade women s obligations results in discrimination, difficult to insert and recovery on female s job in a job s market, including low salary if compared with men s and difficult to services access in addiction a difficult daily life and in domestic sphere. The women s organisation in productive groups or economically solidary enterprises (ESE) torn possible the social economically organisations and politicians to promote deep changes in a domestically e socially relationship, positioning, for example, women s in publics areas and in the rout of emancipation. The objective of this search are understand men and women relationship in the family agriculture s field starts insert women in economically solidary enterprises (ESE) on Mulunguzinho s settlement (Mossoró/RN). The theoretical framework is inspirited Economical Solidary concept kind division s job and women s empowerment. This search had a qualitative character and exploration through case s study on Mulheres decididas a vencer s group. The secondary information was create through theoretical framework and information collected through semi-structured interviews based in interviews applied for women and yours respective husbands by criterion for women participation on productive activities of beekeeping culture of goat and sheep. This study turns possible conclude that the women s participations in productive groups in solidary economical change significantly their life and their family life. The group s organisations process, the training was received, the collective production, the marketing and the mobilized participation to move it all was fundamental for women share with their families partners some homemade and take care with the children. This finding confirm a different aspect not economical in solidary economy overcoming the monetary value in associative relationship observing principally individuals well-being and the concern with the form of reproduction this way of life in the associated

GÊNERO E RELAÇÕES DE PODER NO PENTECOSTALISMO: ESTUDO COMPARATIVO ENTRE A IGREJA DE CRISTO NO BRASIL E A COMUNIDADE EVANGÉLICA SARA NOSSA TERRA

Based on the empirical comparative study between two churches from Pentecostal guidance - both located in Parnamirim/RN - and supported on a dialogic interaction between my interlocutors and theoretical references, I proposed me to reflect about how this protestant segment represents and articulates questions such as gender and power relationships, and the daily impact of that in their followers life. In other words, this dissertation aims to understand the reason of the asymmetry attributed to male and female, especially in what concerns the distribution of ecclesiastic works and the authority given to male, as well as the implication of this reality in the reconfiguration of morality and religious praxis in daily life of individuals and involved groups. From this perspective, this work was divided in three chapters, in which I investigate the tension/relationship between faith and secularism, for from this question on concessions and/or prohibitions related to the limits and involvement of the followers with the world and with the very Pentecostal ethos arise. I also analyze here aspects concerning to both ecclesiastic hierarchy and power, with the objective of elucidating how it occurs, what kind of criteria and implications they consider as well as about the nature of the religious labor division between men and women and, finally, I try to understand how the conversion/adhesion of members is reflected in the redefinitions of gender and its relationship between the ecclesiastical and domestic spaces. The diligence and energy spent in this work is in the hope that its fruits can corroborate in the expansion of anthropological knowledge which, in this particular case, involves the Brazilian Pentecostal phenomenon

Femininos de montar - Uma etnografia sobre experiências de gênero entre drag queens

The paper presents a discussion about gender and body in the drag queens experience at Natal city (RN). From the different concepts that characterizes the identity processes on subjects who perform gender transformation (transvestites, transsexuals and female impersonators), the justification for studying the drag character is observed as a means to understand matters that are important when you take such a position. Therefore, there is a need for a linkage between the various concepts responsible for this definition, in addition to considering the historical and cultural process responsible for the creation of such categories, identities and stereotypes among these individuals. In this sense it will be possible to carry out a critical analysis on the different social loads present in each representation, and understand what is at stake in the attribution of classifications and terminologies that are applied to different expressions of metamorphosis. This ethnography considers the debate from a field research conducted at LGBT social establishments and other performance spaces of these people, verifying their dynamics in these places and investigating relationships between performers, personas and characters and also backstage scene in which they participate

A rede de marcação e recaptura: o caso de borboletas do gênero heliconius

(The Mark and Recapture Network: a Heliconius case study). The current pace of habitat destruction, especially in tropical landscapes, has increased the need for understanding minimum patch requirements and patch distance as tools for conserving species in forest remnants. Mark recapture and tagging studies have been instrumental in providing parameters for functional models. Because of their popularity, ease of manipulation and well known biology, butterflies have become model in studies of spatial structure. Yet, most studies on butterflies movement have focused on temperate species that live in open habitats, in which forest patches are barrier to movement. This study aimed to view and review data from mark-recapture as a network in two species of butterfly (Heliconius erato and Heliconius melpomene). A work of marking and recapture of the species was carried out in an Atlantic forest reserve located about 20km from the city of Natal (RN). Mark recapture studies were conducted in 3 weekly visits during January-February and July-August in 2007 and 2008. Captures were more common in two sections of the dirt road, with minimal collection in the forest trail. The spatial spread of captures was similar in the two species. Yet, distances between recaptures seem to be greater for Heliconius erato than for Heliconius melpomene. In addition, the erato network is more disconnected, suggesting that this specie has shorter traveling patches. Moving on to the network, both species have similar number of links (N) and unweighed vertices (L). However, melpomene has a weighed network 50% more connections than erato. These network metrics suggest that erato has more compartmentalized network and restricted movement than melpomene. Thus, erato has a larger number of disconnected components, nC, in the network, and a smaller network diameter. The frequency distribution of network connectivity for both species was better explained by a Power-law than by a random, Poissom distribution, showing that the Power-law provides a better fit than the Poisson for both species. Moreover, the Powerlaw erato is much better adjusted than in melpomene, which should be linked to the small movements that erato makes in the network

O gênero geastrum pers. (phallomycetidae, basidiomycota) em algumas áreas de Mata Atlântica e Caatinga no Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil

A taxonomic survey of representatives of the genus Geastrum took place during the rainy season from 2006 to 2009 in four districts in the state of Rio Grande do Norte: Parque Estadual Dunas do Natal (Atlantic Forest), Mata do Jiqui EMPARN (Atlantic Forest) and Estação Ecológica do Seridó (Caatinga). Fourteen species were recorded: G. entomophilum, G. fimbriatum, G. hirsutum, G. javanicum, G. lageniforme, G. lloydianum, G. minimum, G. morganii, G. ovalisporum, G. pectinatum, G. saccatum, G. schweinitzii, G. setiferum and G. triplex. Of these species, eleven occurred in the Atlantic Forest and six in the Caatinga. A new species has been recorded to science, G. entomophilum, other as a first record for Brazil, G. morganii, six new records for the Northeast, and ten new records for Rio Grande do Norte. The material was tumbled in the Herbarium UFRN. Additionally, a survey of the species of the genus deposited in the Herbarium UFRN was accomplished, resulting in 244 herbarium specimens belonging to thirty-three species. Of these ones, twenty-three were collected in Brazil and ten are from Czech Republic, Europe, as donation from the VZ Herbarium

Taxonomia e filogenia das serpentes do gênero Typhlops Oppel, 1811 (Squamata: Typhlopidae) ocorrentes na Mata Atlântica brasileira

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Efeitos do alcalóide indólico caulerpina, obtido de alga do gênero caulerpa, em modelo de colite experimental murina

As doenças inflamatórias intestinais são enfermidades onde a tolerância e homeostase da resposta inflamatória estão comprometidas, gerando lesões teciduais e favorecendo o surgimento de neoplasias. Há dois importantes exemplos de doenças inflamatórias intestinais, a colite ulcerativa, foco do modelo desse estudo, e a doença de Crohn. Os medicamentos utilizados no tratamento dessas doenças desencadeiam diversos efeitos adversos; além disso, em alguns pacientes, eles não são eficazes. Os extratos de algas têm demonstrado várias atividades biológicas, entre elas a atividade anti-inflamatória. Os extratos das algas do gênero Caulerpa foram utilizados em vários estudos, onde modelos inflamatórios foram analisados, entre eles o modelo de colite ulcerativa. A utilização do extrato metanólico da C. mexicana como terapêutica nesse modelo atenuou o quadro clinico desenvolvido pelos animais. Sendo assim, o presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar a ação terapêutica da Caulerpina (CLP), extraída da C. racemosa, no modelo murino de colite ulcerativa. Camundongos C57BL/6 machos foram expostos a uma solução de Dextrana Sulfato de Sódio (DSS) a 3% por sete dias. A partir do primeiro dia de exposição ao DSS os animais foram tratados em dias alternados com a CLP nas doses de 4 e 40 mg/kg e com a dexametasona (3 mg/kg) por via oral. O desenvolvimento da doença foi analisado através do índice de atividade da doença (IAD), que leva em consideração a perda de peso corporal, a consistência e a presença de sangue nas fezes. Após a eutanásia, o cólon foi removido e mensurado, e amostras do tecido colônico foram destinadas a análise histológica e à cultura para dosagem de citocinas. Os níveis de citocinas no sobrenadante da cultura do cólon foram mensurados por ELISA. O tratamento com a CLP (4 mg/kg) desencadeou significativa melhora quanto à perda de peso corporal e ao IAD, e atenuou o encurtamento do cólon em resposta ao DSS. Tal dose foi capaz de reduzir os níveis de citocinas pró-inflamatórias analisadas (TNF-, IFN-, IL-6, IL-17), mas não teve efeito significativo nas citocinas anti-inflamatórias IL-10 e TGF-. O tratamento com a CLP (40 mg/kg) não foi eficaz quanto a perda de peso e ao IAD, além de não ter atenuado a redução do cólon em resposta ao DSS. Essa dose conseguiu reduzir os níveis das citocinas pró-inflamatórias, porém não os níveis de IL-6. O tratamento com a dexametasona obteve melhora discreta quanto à perda de peso corporal e ao IAD, porém não atenuou a redução do cólon em resposta ao DSS. Esse tratamento também conseguiu reduzir todas as citocinas pró-inflamatórias testadas. Deste modo a CLP (4 mg/kg) demonstrou ser uma alternativa promissora no tratamento da colite ulcerativa, em razão dos seus efeitos benéficos sobre parâmetros clínicos, morfológicos e moleculares do modelo em estudo

Diferenças de gênero na produção de associações livres de palavras através do ciclo sono-vigília

Although several studies, have shown differences in cognitive performance between men and women, it not yet known whether these differences occur in tasks involving free association of words (WA). Studies across the sleep-wake cycle (SWC) suggest that rapid eye movement sleep (REM) favors semantic flexibility, in comparison with pre-sleep waking (Pre-WK), slow-wave sleep (SWS) and post-sleep waking (Post-WK). The present work has two aims: (1) to evaluate the semantic distances of word pairs produced by AP, comparing men and women, (2) to evaluate semantic distance in word pairs produced by free association across the SWC in young adults of both sexes. To achieve aim (1), we applied a task of WA in 68 adult volunteers during waking (52 women and 16 men). The WA task consisted of writing the first word that came to mind after viewing another word offered as a stimulus (root Word). To achieve aim (2), we performed polysomnography to identify specific stages of the SWC. The experimental subjects were then awakened (if they were asleep) and were immediately given a WA task. The task was administered to 2 groups of 10 subjects each (G1 and G2). G1 subjects were stimulated with the same set of root words after waking from various states of SWC, while G2 subjects received sets of different root words at each state of the SWC. In the absence of a Portuguese corpus suitable for the measurement of semantic distances, the words collected in our experiments were translated to English, and semantically quantified within a systematic and representative corpus of that language (Wordnet). This procedure removed the polysemies typical of Portuguese, but preserved the semantic macrostructure common to both languages. During waking, we found that semantic distances are significantly lower in WA produced by women, in comparison with the distances observed in men. Through the SWC, there were no statistically significant differences in G1. In G2 women, we detected a significant increase of semantic distances upon being awakened from SWS. In contrast, G2 men showed a significant increase in semantic distances upon being awakened from REM. The results of the first experiment are consistent with the notion that women have a more concrete reasoning than men. The results of the second experiment indicate that men awakened from REM present more flexibility in word association than when being awakened from other states. In contrast, women showed more flexible word association after being awakened from SWS, in compared with other states. The results indicate that the cognitive flexibility attributed to different states of the SWC shows gender dependency

Gênero ou sexualidade?: (re) produção das identidades homoeróticas masculinas no cinema de massa

Homosexuality has been gaining strength in Cinema from the late twentieth century, when there is a dissemination of freedoms around the peripheral or marginal sexualities. Based on this assumption, it was formulated in the dissertation work, an analysis of the relationship between Cinema and Sexuality in order to understand, describe, reflect and analyze possible changes around the performative behaviors of male homosexual from the introduction of them in film production, arising from the mass culture industry. These productions are located in three different decades. In this case, the Cinema has not only the reproductive character of realities, but also a producing agent and consolidating them. The methodology applied was discourse analysis of three film works, namely La Cage aux Folles (1978), In & Out (1997) and Boat Trip (2002). The image, research object of this work, is developed by a mass culture that will produce mass identities which is characterized by crystallization of clichés around the gay world

Um dia da caça outro dia do caçador: as (re) configurações de gênero em contexto turístico na praia de Pipa/RN

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Canções no ensino de sociologia: reflexões e aplicação

As Sociology becomes a mandatory subject in the curricular componentof Brazilian high schools, we find anopportune moment to proposals and changes in the subject and in teaching, in a general aspect. It s noticed the great importance of the role that the create imagination plays in individual s formation (BACHELARD), and it s also seen that Brazilian education system has marginalized imagination to the detriment of a unifocused scientism that sterilizes creativity, playfulness and poetry in its educational process. Nevertheless, a way of thinking redefinitions to the educational horizons of Sociology as a subject and education is upheld. An educational practice that reconnects the prosaic and the poetic, using images/songs as paths/strategies of the teaching-learning process. As for that, the school structure was used where the tutor work was done to undertake experiences that made the use of songs as strategy to facilitate/stimulate the learning of the subject Sociology in high school. From thoughts and results of this experience, plus the bibliographic studies, analysis were made. The goal of this essay is to make use and stimulate the creation of poetic images from the teaching point of view, specially the Sociology subject in high school, rethinking and searching more efficient and playful ways of approaching and building educational methods from images; stimulating the development of the Thinking Reform and the Anthropoetics of the human gender (MORIN); acknowledging that imagination is an indispensable part of our integral formation

Escola e gênero : representações de gênero na escola

The study Escola e Gênero: representações de gênero na escola show us the social man made, starting of an analysis in the having fun time in the children´s life and how it´s an important aspect of the building childish universe simbolic. My analysis started in a children´s daily at school and how they noticed the play value od dominant society. Our propouse is think about the linking between ideology, representations and gender like the children´s knowledge in the school activities. The toy, an instrument which is noticed and exist in the funny activities, is full of cultural concepts of male and female parts. Your color, lines, functions and the way you manipulate is driven of gender cathegories. In the scool, the ideological concepts have it´s important way which is to domesticate the feelings, the desires; categorize and normalize them without be known by the educational employers. In the children´s education, the funny time is noticed by others ways and turned as important as others subjects. By the way it´s not noticed by the school, like another thing which isn´t a funny moment. And it´s exactly here in the school funny time, the school did your cultural power of separete the gender and your extencions, feed by the society, generaly, in favor of the man whose woman is your subordinate. This ways of analysis help the society and the school universe about the funny time e how they are important in the Man made life. And how the toys bring the concepts and addicted thinking, ideological which put the power in the stages, without equal, addicted feelings around the gender concepts. I read and used the theories of Kishimoto, Berger & luckmann, Brougère, Sousa Filho, Bourdieu, Badinter, Geertz, Grossi, Louro, Foucault, among others