Eleição nas escolas: uma análise do impacto do diretor eleito sobre o desempenho educacional no Estado da Bahia

In Brazil, the selection of school principals is set in a decentralized manner by each state and city, such that processes may vary with time for a specific locality. In the state of Bahia, school principals were appointed by a higher political hierarchy until 2008, when schools under state administration started selecting principals by elections. The main goal of this work is to evaluate whether changing this specific rule affected students proficiency levels. This is achieved by using a panel data and difference-in-differences approachs that compares state schools (treatment group) to city schools (control group) that did not face a selection rule change and thus kept having their principals politically appointed. The databases used are Prova Brasil 2007, 2009 and 2011, the first one prior and the other two former to the policy change. Our results suggest that students attending schools with principals that are selected and elected have slightly lower mean proficiency levels both in mathematics and in portuguese exams than those attending schools with appointed principals. This result, according to the literature, could be related to perverse effects of selecting school administrators by vote, such as corporatism, clientelism and politicization of the school environment

Rejeição e voto em eleição contemporânea: um estudo de caso da eleição à prefeitura do município de Natal/RN (2012)

Given the importance that political science and social sciences give studies of voting behavior, this study sought to fill this academic discussion another important element that makes up this complex set. From the campaign trail to City Christmas in 2012 work has been undertaken analysis of rejection in the first and second rounds of this election. For this analysis we used two sources of data: quantitative research, conducted by Search Consult the first and second rounds of elections, and the use of focus group technique, performed in the second round of elections. Knowing the various factors that may affect the voting decision, but also the dynamism that pervades a political dispute, seek, with this work, contribute to the deepening of the rejection of studies, aiming to bring subsidies presenting information to better explain the behavior studies election. The results showed that there is a less expressive, the chamda strong rejection. We speak of that rejection based on a political, historical and ideological. The reason for the weak presence of strong rejection seems to be little involvement of voters with politics and, consequently, low knowledge about politics and politicians. We observe, however, evidence of rejection volatile. We refer here to a kind of rejection that develops during the election process depending on the preference of the voter and according to the circumstances of the campaign. The data also lead us to conclude that television is as an instrument for the dissemination of ideas that can contribute in shaping the opinion of viewers. The role of political parties in representing the interests of the people have lost their strength in recent years. The data also show that, to the extent that increases the preference of voters in the electoral process, also increases its rejection

Gestão democrática da educação: a eleição direta para dirigentes de escolas públicas de educação básica do Rio Grande do Norte (2003-2006)

Este trabajo es el resultado de un análisis de la política de gestión de la educación básica en el estado de Rio Grande do Norte (RN) y tuvo como objetivo presentar un estudio sobre la construcción e implementación del proceso de elección directa para elegir a los dirigentes de escuelas públicas de educación básica en las escuelas públicas durante el período 2003 a 2006. Partió de la suposición de que las elecciones para la escoja de los líderes escolares mediante el voto directo de la comunidad se presenta como un importante instrumento a través del cual se debe garantizar el derecho de participación a los diferentes segmentos de la escuela contribuyendo con el proceso de consolidación del proceso democratización de la gestión de escuela pública en ese Estado. Optamos por realizar una búsqueda dentro de un enfoque histórico-crítico, basado, teórico-metodológicamente, en el materialismo dialéctico. A partir de los objetivos y de los temas que guiaron el proceso de investigación, se consideró adecuado adoptar procedimientos de estudio y de recogida de informaciones y análisis bibliográfico y documental y, la realización de entrevistas semi-estructuradas. Los resultados muestran que la construcción del Documento de la Gestión Democrática definiendo la elección directa como una opción de los administradores de la escuela bien como su implantación ante las escuelas del estado sucedió basado en los principios democráticos. Además, los líderes elegidos directamente de las escuelas, la creación del Consejo Escolar (CE) y la institución de la Asamblea General de la Escuela demuestran la adopción de un modelo de gestión de la educación pública del estado que contribuye con el proceso de democratización de la gestión escolar. Por último, es evidente la necesidad de cualificación en el proceso democrático y la participación de varios sujetos involucrados en el proceso de gestión también incluidos los miembros del Consejo Escolar