Expressão imuno-histoquímica das integrinas a2ß1, a3ß1 e a5ß1 em adenoma pleomórfico de glândula salivar menor e maior e carcinoma adenóide cístico

Pleomorphic adenoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) consist benign and malignant neoplasm from salivary gland, respectively. These neoplasms share some characteristics, such as cellular origin and considerable production of extracellular matrix, however, with distinct biological behavior. The aim of the present study was to compare the expression of D2E1, D3E1 e D5E1 integrins in pleomorphic adenoma from minor and major salivary glands and ACCs. Furthermore, it was investigated possible differences in the expression of these integrins according to histological subtypes of ACC. Fourteen cases of pleomorphic adenoma from major salivary gland, fourteen cases from minor salivary gland and ten cases of ACC were selected. It was taken into consideration the presence or absence, localization and intensity of integrin immunoexpression. The cases of pleomorphic adenoma were grouped in order to compare the expression between the distinct neoplasms. It was observed a highly significant difference (p<0,0001) in relation to D2E1 integrin between the neoplasms since pleomorphic adenoma showed a pronounced immunostaining. It was not possible to perform statistical tests considering the D2E1 integrin expression; nevertheless, it could be observed a tendency of higher staining in pleomorphic adenoma. For comparative reasons the cases ACCs were divided in two groups: solid and tubular/cribriform. It was not detected significant differences in regard to D2E1 integrin; and statistical analysis could not be realized in relation to D3E1 and D5E integrin expression. However, it was also verified a tendency of absence or reduced expression in the solid subtype. It can be concluded that the reduced D2E1 integrin expression observed in CACs may be related to a lesser degree of cell differentiation in this neoplasm and the reduced D5E1 integrin expression can be associated with aggressive biological behavior. Moreover, the absence and/or reduced expression of the studied integrins in solid ACC suggests a role in pathogenesis and more aggressive biological behavior of this histological subtype

Análise da imunoexpressão de OCT4 e CD44 em neoplasias de glândulas salivares menores e maiores

Salivary gland neoplasms exhibit a wide variety of biological behavior and a high morphological diversity raises the interest in researching these lesions. The stem cells are the main source for the generation and maintenance of cell diversity, disorders in the regulation of these cells can lead to the production of altered stem cells, termed cancer stem cells capable of generate the tumor. Researches on cancer stem cells and associated proteins have been developed in some oral cancers; however, their role in salivary gland neoplasms is not well established. Thus, the aim of this study was to identify the tumor parenchyma cells exhibiting stem cell characteristics, by evaluating the immunoreactivity of OCT4 and CD44, in a number of cases of salivary gland neoplasms. The sample consisted of 20 pleomorphic adenomas, 20 mucoepidermoid carcinomas and 20 adenoid cystic carcinoma located in minor and major salivary glands. The expression of OCT4 and CD44 was evaluated by the percentage of positive cells (PP) and the intensity of expression (IE), it is realized the sum of the scores, resulting in the total score immunostaining (PIT) ranging 0-7. All studied cases showed positive expression of OCT4 and CD44 and higher values than the control groups. It was observed that for OCT4 luminal cells and non-luminal were immunostained in the case of pleomorphic adenomas and adenoid cystic carcinoma. Already the immunoreactivity of CD44 was particularly evident in the non-luminal cells of these lesions. In mucoepidermoid carcinomas for both markers, there was immunoreactivity in squamous and intermediate cells and absence of staining mucous cells. For both markers, a statistically significant higher immunostaining was verified in neoplasms located in the major salivary glands compared with lesions in the minor salivary (p<0.001). At the total sample and in the group of minor salivary glands, malignant neoplasms exhibited higher immunoreactivity for OCT4 than pleomorphic adenoma. However, there was no statistically significant difference between the lesions and between their classifications histomorphologic. Analyzing the correlation between OCT4 and CD44 immunoexpressions, a statistically significant moderate positive correlation (r = 0.444) was observed. The high expression of OCT4 and CD44 may indicate that these proteins play an important role in identifying cancer stem cells, allowing a prediction of biological behavior of salivary gland neoplasms.

Alterações nos genes da E-caderina e β-catenina em adenoma pleomórfico e carcinoma adenóide cístico: estudo molecular e imuno-histoquímico

Pleomorphic adenoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma represent a benign and malignant salivary gland neoplasm, respectively, that shares the same histological origin, however with distinct biological behavior. The aim of the present study was identify the -160 C/A polymorphism in the gene CDH1, mutational analysis of CTNNB1 gene and evaluation the expression of the E-cadherin and β-catenin in pleomorphic adenomas and adenoid cystic carcinomas. Furthermore, it was proposed correlate the immunochemistry staining patterns with the polymorphism and mutations. Twenty-four pleomorphic adenomas and 24 adenoid cystic carcinomas were retrieved. The polymorphism analysis was performed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), using the restriction enzymes HphI or AflIII and the mutational screening was performed by PCR-single strand conformational polymorphism (PCR-SSCP). The immunohistochemical analysis was taken by the counting of cells, recorded as the Hscore index, and considering the presence or absence, intensity, distribution and localization of proteins expression. Comparing the two neoplasms, the results demonstrated statistically significant difference for the E-cadherin and β-catenin expression, with pleomorphic adenoma presenting weaker immunostaining. Was observed statistical correlation between E-cadherin and β-catenin expression. CDH1 heterozigotic polymorphism was seen in two cases and 13 cases displayed abnormal mobility electrophoretic shifts, suggesting CTNNB1 gene mutation. The immunohistochemical expression was not statistically correlated with the polymorphism or suggested mutations. In conclusion this study supports that the E-cadherin/β-catenin complex immunohistochemical expression might be related with the myoepithelial component amount and differentiation neither the tumor biological behavior. The cases that showed E-cadherin gene polymorphism presented reduced protein expression and, moreover, CTNNB1 suggested mutations seem not influence in the β-catenin protein expression

Estudo clinicopatologico das neoplasias benignas e malignas de glândulas salivares maiores e menores

Foi avaliada, no presente estudo, a prevalência dos casos de tumores benignos e malignos de glândulas salivares maiores e menores que ocorreram na população atendida no hospital Dr. Luiz Antônio Natal/RN, no período de 1989 a 2005, bem como as possíveis associações existentes entre os aspectos clínico e patológicos exibidos pelos referidos tumores, visando à obtenção de parâmetros indicadores de diagnóstico e/ou prognóstico. Dos prontuários dos pacientes foram obtidas todas as informações clínicas necessárias para a realização do trabalho. A análise dos dados revelou que dos 303 tumores de glândula salivar estudados, a maioria (71%) foram benignos, o mais comum foi adenoma Pleomórfico. As médias de idades para os tumores benignos e malignos foi de 49,2 e 58,5 anos, respectivamente. Diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre estes tumores foram observadas para as seguintes variáveis: idade média, o tamanho do tumor e duração da doença. Em relação ao tamanho do tumor, carcinoma mucoepidermoide mostrou-se 1,74 vezes menor que o de outros tumores malignos. Uma associação entre o diagnóstico histológico e variável consistência do tumor foi observada. Os dados apresentados neste estudo são relevantes para a compreensão das diversas características exibidas por estes tumores, já que corroboram uma série de estudos anteriores

Expressão imuno-histoquímica da calponina em glândula parótida de rato após obstrução do ducto excretor principal

Glandular atrophy is one of several alterations which can aflict the salivary glands, caused generally by obstructive lesions such as sialo1ithiasis, infections or compression by neoplastic processes arnong others. In this work, a morphological and immunohistochemical study was carried out in rat parotid glands, which were submitted to obstruction of the main excretory duct suffering atrophy at varied time intervals, with the aim of appraising the behavior of myoepithelial cells during the process of glandular atrophy. It was analized the immunohistochemical expression of calponin which detects myoepithelial cells in the parotids of 28 animaIs, which were divided into 7 groups, each one made up of 4 rats, afier the ductal ligature procedure, in the following time intervals: zero hour (control), 24 hours, 7, 15, 21, 30 and 60 days. Analysis of the immunohistochemicaI profile was carried through in which the calponin expression was veritied through its distribution pattem and numericaI index. All specimens exhibited positivity for calponin in myoepithelial cells which were distributed around the acini and the ductaI structures, a small number of positiveIy marked cells being detected in the controI group and in the 24-hour group when compared to subsequent ones, where it was perceived a Iarge increase in the number of positiveIy marked cens, mainly surrounding the ductiform structures which originated during the obstruction time. Upon application of statistical tests it was verified that the rise in the number the myoepithelial positive cells for calponin, when the control groups (zero hour) was compared to the 7, 15,21, 30 and 60-day groups afier obstruction, was statistica1ly significant. It was concluded then that the detected rise probably carne about due to an elevation in the rate of proliferation of the myoepitheliaI cells subsequent to the ductal obstruction, associated with a growing resistance of these cells to glandular atrophy.

Avaliação clínica da saúde bucal de crianças com neoplasias malignas atendidas no Hospital Infantil Varela Santiago em Natal-RN

The childhood cancer is characterized by a predominance of hematogenic and lymphatic system neoplasm, although a fTequency of the central nervous system tumors and sarcomas are widely common. Particularities of many childhood cancers and the adverses effect of the antineoplastic agents can change radically the oral environrnent and predisposes to the risk of oral complications. This study assessment clinically the oral health of 40 children on treatment for different types of malignant neoplasm with age range of O to 1S years old (Group I) and compared to 38 nonnal children in the same age range (Group lI). The results shown that nonnal patients had a gingival bleeding index (GBI) and caries experience minar than patients of Group lI, the visivel plaque index (VPI) was lightly higher in patients of Group 1. There was not difference statistically significant in the variables. Sixteen patients of Group I developed together 61 oral complications with predominance of mucositis, followed by spontaneous oral bleeding, candidiasis and xerostomy, that complication were most commons in patients with systemic neoplasm. Its was concluded that patients submitted to antineoplastic therapy with poor oral health had a higher risk to develop oral complications

Avaliação da imagem corporal de mulheres submetidas à cirurgia oncológica mamária

Breast cancer is the second type of cancer that affects more women of reproductive age in Brazil. Surgical treatments include: conserving surgery or mastectomy. Aimed to evaluate body image of women undergoing breast cancer surgery, based on the scale Body Image After Breast Cancer Questionnaire. It is a descriptive, exploratory, transversal, with a quantitative approach. Data were collected in Norte-riograndense League Against Cancer, between the months from March to May 2015, after consideration of the Research Ethics Committee of that institution CAEE 35155714.1.0000.5293. The study population consisted of women undergoing breast onco-surgery. To calculate the sample considered the finite population, totaling 120 subjects, collected four guys the most. Data were analyzed by the software Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20.0. The domain scores of the scale were evaluated using descriptive and inferential statistics. The surgical group mastectomy without reconstruction showed greater impairment of body image in the field "vulnerability", "Care for the body" and "transparency" in relation to other surgical types, and suggests susceptibility to cancer, body appearance and worry that disturb other. The Kruskal-Wallis test showed greater dissatisfaction with body image in the fields "body Stigma" and "transparency" to the radical neoplastic surgery over other surgical types. Dissatisfaction with body image and physical appearance was detected in this study in all six image fields present in scale, with emphasis on the "body Stigma" and "Transparency". This means that the body image disorder is formulated based on the perception of others about themselves and not by perception "self", which justifies the concern with appearance, with body and hide the consequences stemmed cancer. It is expected that the data obtained from the evaluation of body image presented in this study contribute to enable the assistance to oncocirurgiada woman breast integral, essential for the practice of Nursing.

Avaliação da imagem corporal de mulheres submetidas à cirurgia oncológica mamária

Breast cancer is the second type of cancer that affects more women of reproductive age in Brazil. Surgical treatments include: conserving surgery or mastectomy. Aimed to evaluate body image of women undergoing breast cancer surgery, based on the scale Body Image After Breast Cancer Questionnaire. It is a descriptive, exploratory, transversal, with a quantitative approach. Data were collected in Norte-riograndense League Against Cancer, between the months from March to May 2015, after consideration of the Research Ethics Committee of that institution CAEE 35155714.1.0000.5293. The study population consisted of women undergoing breast onco-surgery. To calculate the sample considered the finite population, totaling 120 subjects, collected four guys the most. Data were analyzed by the software Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20.0. The domain scores of the scale were evaluated using descriptive and inferential statistics. The surgical group mastectomy without reconstruction showed greater impairment of body image in the field "vulnerability", "Care for the body" and "transparency" in relation to other surgical types, and suggests susceptibility to cancer, body appearance and worry that disturb other. The Kruskal-Wallis test showed greater dissatisfaction with body image in the fields "body Stigma" and "transparency" to the radical neoplastic surgery over other surgical types. Dissatisfaction with body image and physical appearance was detected in this study in all six image fields present in scale, with emphasis on the "body Stigma" and "Transparency". This means that the body image disorder is formulated based on the perception of others about themselves and not by perception "self", which justifies the concern with appearance, with body and hide the consequences stemmed cancer. It is expected that the data obtained from the evaluation of body image presented in this study contribute to enable the assistance to oncocirurgiada woman breast integral, essential for the practice of Nursing.