Tradução e adaptação da escala de dependência de substâncias do Millon Clinical Multiaxial III para o Brasil

Millon describes the normal personality by means of adaptation styles that are effective in normal environments and personality disorders such as unadapted operating styles. To operacionalize his theoretical model, Millon has built several instruments, including the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory III (MCMI-III), wich consists of a self report inventory composed by 175 true or false response items, containing four verification scales, and others scales wich evaluates 14 personality patterns and 10 clinical syndromes. The Substance Dependence scale (T) is placed along with Clinical Syndromes scales. This research is justified by the lack of a Brazilian instrument to assess personality psychopathological aspects, and aims to translate and semantically adapt the MCMI-III to the Brazilian context, checking validity elements of the Substance Dependence scale, and developing a computer application for assisting the evaluation of assessment results. To this intent, 2.588 individuals data was collected, male and female, aged between 18 and 85 years, characterized as belonging to a clinical or non-clinical group, who took part in the survey via the internet or in person. Respondents completed the MCMI-III, a socio-demographic questionnaire and a subgroup also answered to the Goldberg General Health Questionnaire (GHQ). Besides descriptive statistics, we performed the analysis using the Student t test, principal components analysis and internal consistency. Despite difficulties related to translating very specific English terms, the assessment by judges, experts on Millon´s theory, and the back translation, attested the adequacy of the Brazilian version. Factorial analysis indicated the grouping of translated T scale items into three factors (social activities prejudice, lack of impulse control, and oppositional behavior), by presenting a single item on a fourth factor (apparently related to seeking pleasurable stimuli). The Cronbach alpha for this set of items was 0,82, indicating an acceptable scale reliability. The data analysis resulted in distinction of scores between clinical and non-clinical groups and between men and women; the relationship between high scores on the scale T and the other scales; scores of drug users according to the declared used substance; and the relationship between high scores on T and the verification of disorder or risk on GHQ mental health factor, indicating the instrument´s adequate sensistivity in identifying psychopathologies and the relationship between the different disorders or psychopathological personality patterns. Although further studies are necessary to develop the scores transformation factors, the computerized correction tool was adequate.

A motivação de licenciandos em música sob a perspectiva da teoria da autodeterminação

This research had as main aim to verify the motivational quality of music students at four public universities in the Northeast of Brazil, based on the Self-Determination Theory (SDT). This perspective was proposed by Edward Deci and Richard Ryan (1985, 2000, 2008a, 2008b), and considers the qualitative aspects of motivation. It defends that the individuals have a natural tendency to self-regulation; it adopts the concept of internalizations through a continuum of self-determination conceived in the mini-theory of organismic integration. The research presents a descriptive, exploratory and correlational approach. To collect data, it was submitted a self-report questionnaire, based on the Academic Motivational Scale, translated and validated by Guimarães and Bzuneck (2008), which allow us to verify the motivation types according to a selfdeterminational continuum. According to this application, the instrument has shown evidence of satisfactory validity, with a good internal consistence and correlations from weak to moderate scale. The obtained data were collected from 380 music students, analyzed through a descriptive and inferential statistics, considering a few procedures: frequencies, averages, standard deviation, factorial analysis, internal consistence analysis through Cronbach Alpha, Pearson’s correlational analysis and variance analysis. The analyzed data show that high averages in the evaluation of self-determined motivation and low evaluation in demotivation and less autonomy motivation. Many students revealed strong intention to conclude the course. It was identified less autonomous motivation and more motivation among the students with intention to work in other areas, some of them concluded the final training process in Music Course, and say that they are in this course because they had no other option. We conclude that those graduated in Music Course, represented in this sample, show a good motivational quality. But after a few time there is a tendency in decreasing autonomous motivation because of some requirements of an academic course. In this sense, the courses must create strategies to maintain a self-determined behavior so that students can realize their autonomous motivation, identifying its importance, value and meaning along the Course.