Mercado de trabalho, ocupações e rendimentos: a Região Metropolitana de Natal na década de 1990

The aim of this study is the labour market at Natal Metropolitan Region with emphasis in occupations and incomes that took place at the nineties. The definition of its chronological boundaries passed by verification of existence of evident socio-spatial impacts for output, occupation and income in national economy, with rebounds in all national territory, conditioned by institutional and socio-economical transformations which marked Brazilian insertion to capital flows and commodities globalization movement that took place at the cited decade. It has been shown that such impacts did not distributed themselves equally between diverse spatial levels (great regions, federate unities, municipalities) because of historical specificities in each place in terms of output structures and organization of distinct social agents. Having as its basis the Marxist perspective, it tackled theoretically occupations and incomes, transformations in labour universe occurred at world level, mainly in most urbanized areas, and following that to focus changes occurred in Brazilian society related to the search for competitive insertion in global economy during the period regarded. Special attention was gave to Natal Metropolitan Region, because it was historically a concentration area for investments, productive structure, people, occupations and incomes generated/appropriated in Rio Grande do Norte State. The basic data sources for research were the demographic Census (micro data) made by the Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE) intending to present the structure and the labour market dynamics, having as basis: 1) traditional indicators about labour market; 2) sectors of economic activities and 3) social positions and classes segments. One of the purposes is the demonstration that occupations and incomes keep relation with the restructuring which occurred in each specific sector during the period. Other purpose is to make explicit the factors which bear the participation of distinct segments in production or service execution that make possible the different participation in income distribution. Results are revealing the increasin precariousness in labour market, enlargement of occupations in tertiary sector and greater concentration of average incomes in the social segments which were owners of the greatest capital allowances between residents in Natal Metropolitan Region during the nineties

Reestruturação do setor industrial e transformação do espaço urbano de Campina Grande PB : a partir dos anos 1990

The central objective of this thesis is studying the changes in the industrial sector of Campina Grande-PB, in the years 1990, about the size of that space and urban sector. The hypothesis that guides this work is that there was a reconfiguration and industrial space in recent years, the result of the restructuring of productive capital and, secondarily, public policies - economic, urban etc. - implemented in the municipality in the years 1990. This reconfiguration industrial meant thepredominance of certain productive segments of the industry and the shift towards urban-industrial areas (industrial districts). This work is guided in these two axes to explain the changes in the industrial campinense and its consequent impact on the urban development of Campina Grande. It is understood by reconfiguration industrial changes in industrial structure, namely the preponderance of one or more productive segments on the other, changing the scenario of production, employment and the number of establishments. In this study, are considered as institutional structures of support and assistance to industry, the various institutions that directly and indirectly, contribute to the development of productive activity. These structures are the first to undergo institutional changes, physical and policies because of intrinsic connection with the industry. The institutional structures contribute to the development of industrial activity and urban development. In Campina Grande, these institutions are important for facilitating the development of certain segments. In this work, sought to identify the current configuration industrial campinense, explaining how the restructuring of production transformed the industry, modifying the urban space in Campina Grande - PB, to direct itself to specific urban areas, from the early 1990

A evolução do emprego formal industrial nas cidades médias do estado do Ceará (Juazeiro do Norte, Crato e Sobral) no período de 1990 a 2010

The work consists in a discussion of the evolution of formal employment in the industrial cities of Ceará state averages from 1990 to 2010, since this period was marked by important changes. It is emphasized that in order to achieve this aim, the present study was based on a survey of relevant literature on the subject, as well as the use of the Annual Report of Social Information (RAIS), published by the Ministry of Labour and Employment (MTE) and the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). The central question to be considered in this study is how we evolved formal employment industry in medium-sized cities (Juazeiro do Norte, Crato and Sobral) of Ceará? The assumption that guides this work is that given the economic policies of the 1990 and 2000 these policies encouraged the relocation, thus implying significant growth in the formal manufacturing employment in these cities. Regarding the results obtained in the survey, it was found that the industrial sector of these cities, showed considerable dynamism in what refers to the expansion of establishments. When observed in percentage terms medium-sized cities (345.5%) had the highest growth in number of establishments in the 1990s with rates higher than the Northeast region (285.9%) and Brazil (167.5%). The highlight was the city of Juazeiro, with the highest concentration of micro and small footwear companies in the state. Regarding the number of formal jobs created in medium-sized cities, it went from 6.596 in 1990 to 41.660 million formal jobs in 2010, with a growth rate of 532%. The sector contributed most to employment generation was the footwear. Although the levels of minimum wages, the 1990 recorded the lowest levels. In the 2000, there were real gains in levels of minimum wages in all cities, however, it may be noted that over the decades there has been significant momentum. However, this momentum was not enough to prevent the end of the study period CMs-Ceará present low wages