Design da tradição:a produção artesanal da cerâmica de Santana do São Francisco

A grande pluralidade cultural existente no Estado de Sergipe pode ser percebida através da variedade de produções artesanais que acontecem principalmente nos seus municípios, abrangendo um grande número de pessoas que fazem dela uma atividade geradora de economia. O presente trabalho trata da problemática da produção da cerâmica artesanal do município de Santana do São Francisco, considerado como o maior produtor de cerâmica do estado. Sob o ponto de vista antropológico, o trabalho apresenta relatos de vida e detalhes da sobrevivência do ofício, herdados através das gerações, bem como as ferramentas e alternativas encontradas pela comunidade e suas adaptações e transformações como forma de conservação da tradição do saber fazer

Capital Social e Desenvolvimento Rural: acesso, uso e gestão da água nos Territórios Rurais do Sertão do São Francisco

This study aimed to contribute to the discussion of social capital, seeking to relate that to the access, use and water resources management in the Sao Francisco Vale, specifically in rural areas of the wilderness of San Francisco situated in the State of Bahia and Pernambuco. As, stimulate action possibilities for individuals (family rural) apart by a patrimony public so precious that is water. Besides a theoretical discussion of social capital (networks, trust, participation) and rural development. We applied 387 questionnaires to farmers and some interviews with actors social of territorial forum and committee of the São Francisco basin where it was possible to correlate our variables in order to confirm our hypothesis: social capital is a key element to ensure access, use and management of water for rural families living in irrigated and rainfed areas

A escola de aprendizes artífices de natal: república, trabalho e educação (1909 1942)

Crées par leDécret n° 7.566, le 23 septembre 1909, les 19 Escolas de Aprentizes Artífices (Écoles d Aprentis Artisans) stratégiquement situées dans les capitales des états brésiliens, répresentaient l une de plus importantes réalisations pour la formation de main-de-oeuvre qualifiée dans les premières décennies de XXème siècle. Alors, ce travail est constitué par une recherche historique ayant eu pour base les informations apportées par des documents divers (Lois, Décrets, Rapports et Messages Gouvernementales, Livres des Immatriculations) et des nouvelles publiées dans le journal A República, disponibles à l Instituto Histórico e Geográfico do Rio Grande do Norte IHG-RN, à l Arquivo Público do Estado et au Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica do Rio Grande do Norte (CEFET RN). On montre la configuration que l expérience de l École d Aprentis Artisans a constituée au Rio Grande do Norte à partir de 1909, crée avec le niveau élémentaire jusqu au 1942, quand la Lei Orgânica do Ensino Industrial a changé cet enseignement en le modifiant pour le niveau secondaire. Dans l état du Rio Grande do Norte(RN), ce genre d école a été crée au 3 janvier de 1910. La finalité était la formation des ouvriers et contremaîtres par l enseignement pratique et technique nécessaires aux mineurs qui puissent apprendre un métier. L école du RN a contribuée pour la consolidation du projet politique-idéologique de la construction de la nationalité brésilienne, par des pratiques des contenu patriotique et civique-militaire, en détachant l insertion du scoutisme scolaire comme expression de la militarisation des pratiques éducatives pour le contrôle des corps. Malgré l enseignement professionnel avoir été utilisé pour l imposition des modèles culturelles sous-jacents aux rapports de production capitaliste qui étaient exigés des travailleurs, la Escola de Aprendizes Artífices de Natal a répondue à la demande locale, ce qui renforce l idée que sa création dans ce moment historique a attendu surtout le but politique-idéologique plutôt que celui du développement économique et éducationnel de la population norte-riograndense

A educação destina a algumas crianças no Piauí (1730 1859)

L'histoire culturelle de l'éducation de l'enfant dans le Piauí, de l'année de 1730 à l'année de 1859, je mange écriture dans ce travail de thèse, est motivé dans l'analyse sócio-histórica de la forme scolaire à la lumière des théorisations des historiens Gui Vincent, Bernard Lahire et Daniel Thin, avec l'objectif de refléter concernant le passage d'instauration de la socialisation des enfants dans les écoles publiques, religieuses, particulières et domestiques. La recherche concernente à la thématique éducation de l'enfant dans leurs conceptions politiques et culturelles levou-em à définir, je mange objet d'étude, les manières d'instruire les enfants dans l'(s) école (s) et dans la (s) famille (s). La thèse du travail ici défendu est de que l'éducation destinée aux enfants dans le Piauí, dans la période de 1730 à 1859, était soumise aux acquisitions des habilités de lecture et d'écriture, principalement, analogue à leurs conceptions politiques et culturelles. La judicieuse recherche de corpus documentaire (licences, avertissements, troupeaux, lettres, correspondances, consultations, métiers, règlements, régiments, rapports, lois, dispositions, cartes scolaires, cartes d'inscriptions) pour l'écriture de la thèse il se procède nous quantités formulaires et digitales du Portugal, Brésil, Pará, Maranhão et Piauí. L'analyse de l'ensemble des sources nous a permis de comprendre que la socialisation scolaire de l'enfant dans le Piauí n'a pas maintenu le mêmes façons pendant cette longue période qui a été de 129 ans, malgré des récurrences, celui-là a acquis des formes et des sens divers qui variaient comme les circonstances politiques et culturelles, les exigences du commerce, les espaces et les sujets qui l'ont vécue intensément

Ensinamentos do barro : conversas com Francisco Brennand

El concepto de paisaje, caracterizado por la colaboración de distintos dominios cognitivos, atraviesa campos disciplinarios y formas de estructurar la producción de conocimiento a través del Arte. Para Cauquelin (2007), la representación occidental de la mirada paisajística es siempre una mirada estética que indica una conexión inseparable de la forma percibida con la forma sentida. Esa mirada estética recuerda al hombre su condición bioantropológica. En ese sentido, entiendo que un paisaje se presenta como un medio donde el humano puede ejercer su singularidad poética, transitando, así, por campos o capas de conocimientos diversos capaces de ampliar su visión rearticuladora del mundo. Motivada por esa percepción, elegí como campo empírico el Museo Taller de Cerámica Francisco Brennand, en Recife, Pernambuco. Reconstruido por el artista, el lugar, injertado de recuerdos de la infancia, pasa a abrigar, a partir de 1971, el conjunto de su obra de cerámica y pintórica. La frecuentación del artista transformó la estrategia metodológica de la entrevista en sabias y agradables conversaciones, que me proporcionaron la experiencia de otras posibilidades de enfoque durante la realización de la investigación. El objetivo de la investigación es ampliar las relaciones conceptuales entre paisaje y representación, en el sentido de privilegiar a la imaginación creativa. Tomé al paisaje como una metáfora y como un operador cognitivo, imprescindibles para el aprendizaje de la condición humana. Compartir estrategias a la vez complementares y recíprocas es lo que proponen Almeida (2009) y Morin con vistas a volver a enlazar la cultura científica y la cultura humanística, en un metodo mestizo y bricoleur que es necesaria para una reforma del pensamiento que lleva en cuenta el ensueño de la materia propuesto por Bachelard (2008). El arte se convierte, así, en un operador cognitivo capaz de promover cambios en el contexto de la educación, en dirección a una pedagogía con base compleja, como propone Pereira (1999)

Corporeidade e humanescência: cenários ludopoiéticos na vida de professores contadores de história

During the latest years, the art of storytelling has received special attention from those who make education, art and culture. The storyteller is a singular person who manages to seduce itself and its listeners, by involving them in an atmosphere of pleasure and complicity, dodging situations, space and time, providing delight, stimulating creativity, daydreaming and imagination. This is a study developed with storyteller teachers that takes as its starting point the need to change the landscape of education, which seeks to emphasize the affirmation of embodiment of the teacher, so that it participates in a creative self-dynamic and the context in which they live. In addition , the following purposes accompanied the study : education - liberating practice and human development ; corporality - radiant , first and main focus of educational criteria; playfulness - a human dimension ; autopoiese - as an organization of human beings that produces and continuously transforms itself; flow experience concerns the feeling of full involvement in the activity , the psychic energy toward something that is being produced or performed , something that brings us pleasure , happiness and profound sense of well being. As general objective of the study we analysed the humanescent self-formation and its ludopoiética nature in storyteller teachers from humanescent workshops developed in a state school in Natal / RN. In view of the overall objective , we developed the following specific objectives : to identify the ludopoiéticas properties of self-worth , self-connectivity , self-territoriality , autotelia and self realization present in the life of storyteller teachers and the changes in the school environment, from the development of humanescent workshops; reveal the nature of humanescent self-training in storyteller teachers lives. The investigated group had the participation of eight teachers, and had the Escola Estadual Potiguassu as environment for the research. This is a descriptive study, understood as an action-research , developed with basis in the fundamentals and ethnomethodological principles , which used eight humanescents workshops , developed in the context of humanescent experiential pedagogy in conjunction with participant observation .The analyzes were focused on the chosen categories for the study : self-worth , self-connectivity , self-territoriality , autotelia and self-, indexicality and reflexivity . In terms of conclusions, we noted that the properties of ludopoiese were unveiled in the lives of the teachers by providing changes in their ways of being and living together. The teachers have become more creative and intensely began to experience their own life, social life, as well as its meaning. The struggle for a more cheerful and happy school was another important development highlighted in the reports of the teachers, also observing that there was a significant improvement in the reduction of violence in the school environment. Thus, we emphasize that the teachers began to recognize themselves like being ludic, playing with the beauty of storytelling and life

Física no cotidiano: da cozinha para a sala de aula relato de uma experiência didática no município de Limoeiro do Norte (CE)

Brazilian high school teaching has passing through important changes. Based on current legislation and other official documents this research focus on the notion of contextualization, discussing the possibilities of a Physics teaching contextualized at a kitchen environment. Given the difficulties presented by students in establishing the relation between the contents discussed in classroom and their own daily lives, we propose the elaboration and application of a didactic unity. This started after the analyses of an initial questionnaire answered by the students. The didactic unity was elaborated based on an earlier proposal made by GREF (Physics Teaching Reelaboration Group) for a Thermal Physics course, and involved situations on students daily lives, in particular, those activities tried to relate formal contents discussed in classrooms to the kitchen environment. The didactic unity was applied to a public high school classroom at Limoeiro do Norte (CE). After evaluation of this experience it is possible to state that contextualization is a challenge that shall be faced, so that students may have a more critical look at physics, understanding that this subject is of relevance to all of us and is present in all world around us

Elaboração e aplicação de uma estratégia de ensino sobre os conceitos de calor e de temperatura

This piece of work has investigated the alternative conceptions shown by students of secondary school, concerned to the concepts of warmth and temperature, aiming the elaboration and application of a learning strategy as of the diagnose risen from the conceptions present in students. The learning strategy was built up by a sequence of activities that involve History of Science and experiments, put in a course that had as a base the proposal of the Group of Redevelopment of Physics Teaching (GREF). We have used as the conductor wire of our research the development of thermo dynamics since the development of the first thermo machines, passing by the Industrial Revolution and the evolution of concepts of warmth and temperature. The learning strategy was applied to a group of second grade of secondary school in a public school in Mossoró (RN). By doing these activities we tried to become the concepts, which are part of thermo dynamics, more meaningful to the students. We have estimated that the application of the strategy has represented some profits to the students of the group, concerning to learning of laws and concepts of thermo dynamics (specifically the concepts of warmth and temperature), as well as what it is referred to the overcoming of its initial conceptions

Engenharia nos sertões nordestinos: o Gargalheiras, a Barragem Marechal Dutra e a comunidade de Acari, 1909-1958

In Brazil, between the late nineteenth and early decades of the twentieth, polytechnic engineers assumed an important role in discussing the establishment of a modern country. The problem of drought in northeastern Brazil gave the professionals performance, within an interventional process more mounts, the conception plans and measures for the purposeful integration of the territory afflicted. With the foundation of Inspetoria de Obras Contra as Secas (IOCS), in 1909, the actions to combat drought and would be institutionalized, them, studies performed out by technical and scientific committees would be systematically applied in the Brazilian Northeast. So, This work was central objective understand the historical process inplantation of a whole infrastructure of modern character by professional technical and their consequences within the Northeast Geographic space, in specific, in the municipality of Acari in the State of Rio Grande do Norte, in the first half of the twentieth century. The politics of the government, through technical education and scientific engineers polytechnics, would emphasize, during the twentieth century, the building of dams, and irrigation canals, wells, railways, highways, between other elements, that would soon transform the physical space-northeast, specifically, the territory acariense. These works began to contribute to the setting of man backcountry their land, promote the regular practice of agriculture even in periods of drought and, the integration, especially, economic of territory acariense the other producing regions of Rio Grande do Norte and the Northeast as well as promoting the modification of the landscape of the world backcountry. These actions functioned as elements of modernity and progress that transformed the space by favoring by favoring the formation of urban networks (urban) in this space

Sair curado para a vida e para o bem: diagramas, linhas e dispersão de forças no complexus nosoespacial do Hospital de Caridade Juvino Barreto (1909-1927)

This work has as object of study the Hospital de Caridade Juvino Barreto, nosocomial institution located in the city of Natal (RN), between the Praia de Areia Preta and the Monte Petrópolis, focusing on the period from 1909, the year in which the new hospital building was constructed and opened, and 1927, the date of the transfer of administration of the public domain to the newly created Sociedade de Assistência Hospitalar (SAH). We study the conditions of possibility of the emergence of this hospital space in the urban environment of the capital of Rio Grande do Norte, seeking to understand the different tactics and strategies implemented by the historical subjects involved in the formation of this institution nosocomial. Starting from a corpus of documents consisting of medical memories (with Dr. Januário Cicco as privileged observer), information present in newspapers (the Republic and the Christmas Journa l), photo collection and extensive administrative and legal material (Speeches, Exhibitions, Reports, Laws and Resolutions), we analyzed in detail the medical geography of HCJB, relating the discourses of medicine and geography in choosing the spatial location of the hospital as we examine the architecture of the hospital, its inner spat iality, divisions, forms of space control, and, finally, we discuss the medical practices that took place within it, leading us in this regard, from the experiences of clinical hospital chief, Dr. Januário Cicco, especially the discussion on "ethics" in hospital work. The perception of HCJB as medical nosoespaciality always on the move, incorporated under taxonomic principles based on difference and dispersion forces, led us to articulate it theoretically from the conceptual-methodological arsenal of philosopher Michel Foucault, particularly his reflections of genealogical phase, focusing on the phenomenon of power, a position that allows us to enhance our space-hospital construction, invention, product of power relations, which give the unfinished aspect nosocômio, apparent, always at stake, perpetual non-modeling possibility has previously defined array, establishing it at the field of possible, of virtuality, of power: hospital that could have been and that it was not. Indeed, the investigation of various aspects/elements of hospital space Juvino Barreto revealed us new dimensions of hospital space, far more complex than the simple and the current idea of a place to shelter patients: plasticity and fluidity of space, which is not made to circumscribe the limits of empeiria, engraving up to strength relations fought between different subject; its Constitution as a transitional space, Heterotopic, doing live inside modern elements with premoderns (professional doctors working with religious thought, skeptical of positivist medicine living with the religious faith of the nuns of Santana); the impossibility of thinking hospital space of HCJB while homogeneous unit, static, transistoric, making the spatiality, without considering the profound differences, fractures and dislocations that animated his own existence, multiplying their expressions of identity