Otimizações da transmissão de imagens em redes de sensores visuais sem fio explorando a relevância de monitoramento dos nós fontes e codificação DWT

The development of wireless sensor networks for control and monitoring functions has created a vibrant investigation scenario, covering since communication aspects to issues related with energy efficiency. When source sensors are endowed with cameras for visual monitoring, a new scope of challenges is raised, as transmission and monitoring requirements are considerably changed. Particularly, visual sensors collect data following a directional sensing model, altering the meaning of concepts as vicinity and redundancy but allowing the differentiation of source nodes by their sensing relevancies for the application. In such context, we propose the combined use of two differentiation strategies as a novel QoS parameter, exploring the sensing relevancies of source nodes and DWT image coding. This innovative approach supports a new scope of optimizations to improve the performance of visual sensor networks at the cost of a small reduction on the overall monitoring quality of the application. Besides definition of a new concept of relevance and the proposition of mechanisms to support its practical exploitation, we propose five different optimizations in the way images are transmitted in wireless visual sensor networks, aiming at energy saving, transmission with low delay and error recovery. Putting all these together, the proposed innovative differentiation strategies and the related optimizations open a relevant research trend, where the application monitoring requirements are used to guide a more efficient operation of sensor networks

Respostas fisiológicas durante teste de caminhada dos 6 minutos em mulheres com diferentes níveis de adiposidade

Backgroud: Obesity is a major public health problem and is related to the low physical capacity when obese are compared to no-obese people, however the cause of this limitation is not completely understood. The measurement associated of physiological response to the telemetric 6MWT adds information of metabolic and respiratory system for diagnose of the functional limitation. Objective: Analyze physiological, metabolic and ventilatory responses in women with different body fat during the 6MWT. Methods: 32 women (8 non-obese, 8 Overweight, 8 Obese and 8 morbidly obese) were evaluated for anthropometry, lung function and exercise capacity. Results: Morbidly obese walked the shortest distance (400.2±38.7m), had lower VO2/Kg (12.75±3.20l/Kg/min) and lower R (0.74± 0.11) in the 6MWT compared to other groups. Analyses of metabolic (VO2 and VCO2) and respiratory (VE, VT and BF) during the test did not identify differences between groups. The evaluation of cardiac function (O2 pulse) found higher values in the OM (12.3 ± 4.9ml/bat). Conclusion: The OM had worse performance in the 6MWT compared to other groups. The physical performance may be reduced in this population related to a protocol-dependent response because the speed of 6MWT is self-adjusted allows the individual himself select the intensity of the test, making it set at a speed where there is energy saving

Estudo do efeito do óxido de bário no comportamento de massas para porcelanato

In this work, it is proposed the study of the effect of barium oxide acting as synthetic flow in the behavior of masses for stoneware from the use of raw materials found in the deposits of minerals of the Rio Grande do Norte that it makes use of a great natural potential for the industrialization of the product. The porcelanato is a sophisticated product with excellent final properties being applied as ceramic coating in buildings of high standard of engineering. The raw materials selected for the development of the study had been two types of argilas, two types of feldspatos, dolomita, talco, barium carbonate and silica, being characterized by X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, granulometric analysis, dilatometric analysis and thermal analysis. Thus, it is intended to define four formulations using the cited raw materials that will be processed, conformed and sintered in the temperatures of 1150 °C, 1175 °C, 1200 °C, 1225 °C e 1250 °C. From the physical characterizations, chemical and morphologic of the formed formulations, the effect of barium oxide is determined in the physical and mechanical properties of the studied system carrying water absorption tests, linear retraction, apparent porosity, apparent specific mass, compacting curve, flexural strength and microstructural analysis by XRD and SEM. After analyzing the results, indicated that barium oxide acts as a flux of high temperature and as the ordering of structure, where the embedded glass phase has the nucleating effect phase potassium silico-aluminum reacting with free silica which together with the high content of potassium concentrated form a new crystalline phase called microcline. The masses studied with the addition of barium oxide present physical-mechanical properties highly satisfactory in reduced firing temperatures, which implies a saving in energy given off in the production and increased productivity